不同光周期对高粱叶片和蚜虫体内营养物质含量和相关酶活性的影响
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摘要
为明确光周期对高粱和高粱蚜体内物质含量的影响,该研究设置了5个光周期,分别为2L∶22D、6L∶18D、10L∶14D、14L∶10D、18L∶6D,测定不同光周期下高粱叶内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、淀粉和叶绿素含量,同时检测了高粱蚜体内的谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)的活性,以及可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、总脂肪的含量。结果表明:在长光照(10L∶14D、14L∶10D、18L∶6D)下,高粱叶片的可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、淀粉和叶绿素含量高于短光照(2L∶22D、6L∶18D),极短光照(2L∶22D)和最适光照(14L∶10D)条件下高粱叶片的可溶性蛋白含量低于其他光周期;在极长光周期(18L∶6D)条件下,高粱蚜体内的ALT和AST活性最高,光周期为10L∶14D时高粱蚜体内ALT和AST活性均达最低值;短光照(2L∶22D、6L∶18D)条件下高粱蚜体内保护酶SOD和CAT活性高于长光照(10L∶14D、14L∶10D、18L∶6D)条件;在光周期为10L∶14D时高粱蚜体内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和总脂肪含量达最高值,光周期为14L∶10D时高粱蚜的游离氨基酸含量最低。说明在极端光周期时,为了应对不良环境高粱蚜体内转氨酶活性呈上升趋势,保护酶活性在短光照条件下升高;10L∶14D的光周期适合高粱蚜生长发育,高粱蚜体内营养物质含量较高;极端光周期条件下高粱蚜的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总脂肪含量呈下降趋势。
To clarify effects of photoperiod condition on material contents of sorghum leaves and Melanaphis sacchari, five photoperiod conditions(light∶dark) were set in this paper, which were 2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D, 10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D and 18 L∶6 D, respectively. Soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, starch and chlorophyll content in sorghum leaves were determined. At the same time, activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine transaminase(ALT), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT), contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid and total fat in sorghum aphids were also determined. The results showed that contents of soluble sugar, free amino acid, starch and chlorophyll in sorghum leaves under long photoperiod(10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D, 18 L∶6 D) were higher than those under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D), protein content in sorghum leaf under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D) and long photoperiod(14 L∶10 D) were lower than those under other photoperiod conditions; ALT and AST activities in sorghum aphid reached the highest values under photoperiod condition of 18 h∶6 D and reached the lowest values under photoperiod condition of 10 L∶14 D; SOD and CAT activities in sorghum aphids under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D) were higher than those under long photoperiod(10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D, 18 L∶6 D); Contents of protein, soluble sugar and total fat in sorghum aphid were the highest under photoperiod condition of 10 L∶14 D, and free amino acids content in sorghum aphid was the lowest when the photoperiod was 14 L∶10 D. Content of transaminase in sorghum aphids showed an increasing trend in response to the adverse environment at extreme photoperiod condition and the protective enzyme increased under short photoperiod; the photoperiod of 10 L∶14 D was suitable for growth and development of sorghum aphid, nutrient contents were higher in this condition. Contents of protein, soluble carbohydrate and total lipid of sorghum aphids showed decreasing trends in extreme photoperiod conditions.
To clarify effects of photoperiod condition on material contents of sorghum leaves and Melanaphis sacchari, five photoperiod conditions(light∶dark) were set in this paper, which were 2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D, 10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D and 18 L∶6 D, respectively. Soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, starch and chlorophyll content in sorghum leaves were determined. At the same time, activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine transaminase(ALT), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT), contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid and total fat in sorghum aphids were also determined. The results showed that contents of soluble sugar, free amino acid, starch and chlorophyll in sorghum leaves under long photoperiod(10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D, 18 L∶6 D) were higher than those under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D), protein content in sorghum leaf under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D) and long photoperiod(14 L∶10 D) were lower than those under other photoperiod conditions; ALT and AST activities in sorghum aphid reached the highest values under photoperiod condition of 18 h∶6 D and reached the lowest values under photoperiod condition of 10 L∶14 D; SOD and CAT activities in sorghum aphids under short photoperiod(2 L∶22 D, 6 L∶18 D) were higher than those under long photoperiod(10 L∶14 D, 14 L∶10 D, 18 L∶6 D); Contents of protein, soluble sugar and total fat in sorghum aphid were the highest under photoperiod condition of 10 L∶14 D, and free amino acids content in sorghum aphid was the lowest when the photoperiod was 14 L∶10 D. Content of transaminase in sorghum aphids showed an increasing trend in response to the adverse environment at extreme photoperiod condition and the protective enzyme increased under short photoperiod; the photoperiod of 10 L∶14 D was suitable for growth and development of sorghum aphid, nutrient contents were higher in this condition. Contents of protein, soluble carbohydrate and total lipid of sorghum aphids showed decreasing trends in extreme photoperiod conditions.
引文
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