防爆柴油机喷雾降温系统及其性能研究
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摘要
针对防爆柴油机排气降温系统加装废气水洗箱装置极大增加发动机排气系统阻力的问题,自行设计和搭建了排气喷雾降温系统,并对降温效果的影响因素如喷雾流量、雾滴粒径、喷射方式、两级喷雾比例等在1 500r/min、700N·m工况点进行了试验研究。结果表明:雾滴粒径越小越有利于雾滴在高温排气中的蒸发;采用逆流喷射方式和适当增加第二级喷雾流量比例增加了喷雾降温效果;系统中加入换热管增加了循环冷却水对排气的降温,减少了喷雾的用水量。在1 500r/min、700N·m工况下采用带有换热管的喷雾降温系统可以把排气温度降低到67℃,满足防爆要求。
In order to solve the problem of increased exhaust caused by the installation of an exhaust water washing tank assembly in an explosion-proof diesel exhaust cooling system,an exhaust spray cooling system consisting of water jacket cooling,heat exchange tube cooling and two-stage spray cooling was designed,and then the key factors affecting the cooling effect,such as the spray flow rate,spray particle size,injection method and two-stage spray ratio were tested at 1 500r/min and a torque of 700N·m.Results show that the smaller the spray particle size,the better the spray evaporation in the high-temperature exhaust.Use of counter-current spraying with appropriate increase in the proportion of the second-stage spray flow allows to improve spray cooling effect.Moreover,the heat exchange tubes added to the system can increase the cooling of exhaust gas by circulating cooling water and reduce the amount of water used for spraying.As observed,using a spray cooling system with heat exchange tubes can reduce the exhaust temperature to 67℃under the above mentioned operating conditions,thus meeting the requirements that the exhaust outlet operating temperature of explosion-proof diesel shouldn't exceed 70 ℃ as specified in the MT 990—2006.
In order to solve the problem of increased exhaust caused by the installation of an exhaust water washing tank assembly in an explosion-proof diesel exhaust cooling system,an exhaust spray cooling system consisting of water jacket cooling,heat exchange tube cooling and two-stage spray cooling was designed,and then the key factors affecting the cooling effect,such as the spray flow rate,spray particle size,injection method and two-stage spray ratio were tested at 1 500r/min and a torque of 700N·m.Results show that the smaller the spray particle size,the better the spray evaporation in the high-temperature exhaust.Use of counter-current spraying with appropriate increase in the proportion of the second-stage spray flow allows to improve spray cooling effect.Moreover,the heat exchange tubes added to the system can increase the cooling of exhaust gas by circulating cooling water and reduce the amount of water used for spraying.As observed,using a spray cooling system with heat exchange tubes can reduce the exhaust temperature to 67℃under the above mentioned operating conditions,thus meeting the requirements that the exhaust outlet operating temperature of explosion-proof diesel shouldn't exceed 70 ℃ as specified in the MT 990—2006.
引文
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[2]彭帅,赵忠志,佟钢.浅谈防爆柴油机无轨胶轮运料车在国内的发展[J].科技与企业,2015(3):243.
[3]惠磊磊,杨波.无轨胶轮车在现代化煤矿辅助运输中的应用[J].资源节约与环保,2013(5):114.
[4]于海安,张树立,姜晓宝.固井设备发动机防爆系统研究[J].石油机械,2005,33(3):36-37.YU H A,ZHANG S L,JIANG X B.Investigation in explosion proof system for engines on cementing unit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2005,33(3):36-37.
[5]王烁.防爆柴油机在煤矿井下的应用[J].河北煤炭,2012(1):47-48.WANG S.Application of the explosion proof diesel engine in the underground mine[J].Hebei Coal,2012(1):47-48.
[6]WANG X.The harm and discussion on control technology of flameproof diesel engine exhaust emissions[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2017,865:224-229.
[7]高吉,王铁,张瑞亮,等.阻火器型式对防爆柴油机性能影响的对比分析[J].内燃机工程,2018,39(3):66-71.GAO J,WANG T,ZHANG R L,et al.Comparative study on effect of type of flame arrester on explosion-proof diesel engine performance[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2018,39(3):66-71.
[8]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.矿用防爆柴油机通用技术条件:MT990-2006[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006.
[9]MATSUMOTO H,ICHIHARA Y,NAGASAKI N.Development of the flameproof diesel vehicle applied new exhaust gas dry type treatment system[J].Journal of Mmij,2002,118(2):129-135.
[10]LONG R S,LIAN Z S,SUN S N,et al.Flow field simulation in water washing tank of explosion-proof diesel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,989:3456-3459.
[11]李强强.防爆柴油机废气处理箱的优化设计[D].太原:太原理工大学,2017.
[12]杨世文,邹润,苏铁熊,等.井下防爆柴油机废气处理箱的结构研究[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(4):95-98.YANG S W,ZOU R,SU T X,et al.Structure study on waste gas treatment tank of underground explosion-proof diesel engine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(4):95-98.
[13]孙丹丹,王铁,张瑞亮,等.加装防爆组件对防爆柴油机性能的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(20):175-179.SUN D D,WANG T,ZHANG R L,et al.Effect of the explosion-proof components on flameproof diesel engine performance[J].Science Technology&Engineering,2016,16(20):175-179.
[14]MATTHEW S,JOHN H,LIENHARD V.Evaporative cooling of continuously drawn glass fibers by water sprays[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2000,43(5):689-703.
[15]HIDEKI Y.Study of cooling system with water mist sprayers:fundamental examination of particle size distribution and cooling effects[J].Building Simulation,2008,1(3):214-222.
[16]SIMAKOV N N.Numerical simulation of the two-phase flow produced by spraying a liquid by a nozzle[J].Technical Physics,2017,62(7):1006-1012.
[17]BEJI T,EBRAHIMZADEH S,MARAGKOS G,et al.Numerical modelling of the interaction between water sprays and hot air jets-partⅡ:two-phase flow simulations[J].Fire Safety Journal,2018,96:143-152.