黄缘闭壳龟主要形态性状与体质量的关系
|
摘要
为确定影响黄缘闭壳龟Cuora flavomarginata体质量的主要形态性状,随机选取1、2、3龄的黄缘闭壳龟为试验对象(每个年龄组120尾),测量其体质量(y)、背甲长(x_1)、背甲宽(x_2)、背甲高(x_3)、甲桥斜高(x_4)、腹甲长(x_5)、腹甲宽(x_6)、甲桥长(x_7)、喉盾宽(x_8)、肱盾宽(x_9)、胸盾宽(x_(10))、股盾宽(x_(11))、肛盾宽(x_(12))、喉盾缝长(x_(13))、肱盾缝长(x_(14))、胸盾缝长(x_(15))、腹盾缝长(x_(16))、股盾缝长(x_(17))和肛盾缝长(x_(18))19个性状,采用相关分析、主成分分析、通径分析和回归分析的方法,计算相关系数、通径系数和决定系数,获得相关回归方程,对不同年龄组间的形态性状对体质量的影响程度进行了比较研究。结果表明:1龄组龟甲桥长对体质量的直接作用较大,2龄组龟肱盾宽和背甲长对体质量的影响较大,3龄组龟肱盾宽对体质量的影响较大;1、2、3龄龟第一主成分由大至小依次综合为增重因子、背甲增长因子、腹甲增长因子→增重因子、腹甲增长因子→腹甲增长因子;利用逐步回归分析方法,以体质量为依变量(y),形态性状为自变量(x_1～x_(18)),建立了黄缘闭壳龟不同年龄最优多元线性回归方程分别为y_A=-21.193+13.874x_7+4.834x_(10),y_B=-60.626+24.880x_9+11.750x_1-34.040x_(16),y_C=223.604+145.260x_9-153.201x_8-33.241 x_5,式中y_A、y_B、y_C分别为1、2、3龄组龟的体质量(g)。本研究结果可为黄缘闭壳龟良种选育的具体应用提供理论参考。
The metric traits were measured in 360 individuals(120 individuals of each age in 1,2,and 3 years old)Chinese box turtle Cuora flavomarginata including body weight(y),carapace length(x_1),carapace width(x_2),carapace height(x_3),carapace bridge slant height(x_4),plastron length(x_5),plastron width(x_6),carapace bridge length(x_7),laryngeal shield width(x_8),humeral shield width(x_9),thoracic shield width(x_(10)),femoral shield width(x_(11)),rectal shield width(x_(12)),laryngeal shield seam length(x_(13)),humeral shield seam length(x_(14)),thoracic shield seam length(x_(15)),abdominal shield seam length(x_(16)),femoral shield seam length(x_(17)),and rectal shield seam length(x_(18))in order to study the effects of main morphological traits on body weight.The correlation coefficient,path coefficient and determination coefficient were calculated and multivariate regression equations were obtained to research the effects of metric traits on body weight.There was important direct effect of carapace bridge length(x_7)on body weight in the turtle with 1 year old,the important direct effect of carapace length(x_1),and rectal shield width(x_(12))on body weight in the turtle with 2 years old,and important direct effect of humeral shield width(x_9)on body weight in the turtle with 3 years old.The first principal component of the turtle with 1 year old was weight factor,carapace growth factor and plastron growth factor,the turtle with 2 years old was weight factor and plastron growth factor,and turtle with 3 years old was the plastron growth factor.The determinant coefficients were consistent with that of path analysis,the multiple regression equations were established as y_A=-21.193+13.874x_7+4.834x_(10)in 1-year-old Chinese box turtle,y_B=-60.626+24.880x_9+11.750x_1-34.040x_(16)in 2-years-old Chinese box turtle,and y_C=223.604+145.260x_9-153.201x_8-33.241x_5in 3-years-old Chinese box turtle,where y_A,y_Band y_Cdenote body weight of the turtle with 1,2 and 3 years old,respectively.The findings provide important references and foundation with the selective breeding of Chinese box turtle.
The metric traits were measured in 360 individuals(120 individuals of each age in 1,2,and 3 years old)Chinese box turtle Cuora flavomarginata including body weight(y),carapace length(x_1),carapace width(x_2),carapace height(x_3),carapace bridge slant height(x_4),plastron length(x_5),plastron width(x_6),carapace bridge length(x_7),laryngeal shield width(x_8),humeral shield width(x_9),thoracic shield width(x_(10)),femoral shield width(x_(11)),rectal shield width(x_(12)),laryngeal shield seam length(x_(13)),humeral shield seam length(x_(14)),thoracic shield seam length(x_(15)),abdominal shield seam length(x_(16)),femoral shield seam length(x_(17)),and rectal shield seam length(x_(18))in order to study the effects of main morphological traits on body weight.The correlation coefficient,path coefficient and determination coefficient were calculated and multivariate regression equations were obtained to research the effects of metric traits on body weight.There was important direct effect of carapace bridge length(x_7)on body weight in the turtle with 1 year old,the important direct effect of carapace length(x_1),and rectal shield width(x_(12))on body weight in the turtle with 2 years old,and important direct effect of humeral shield width(x_9)on body weight in the turtle with 3 years old.The first principal component of the turtle with 1 year old was weight factor,carapace growth factor and plastron growth factor,the turtle with 2 years old was weight factor and plastron growth factor,and turtle with 3 years old was the plastron growth factor.The determinant coefficients were consistent with that of path analysis,the multiple regression equations were established as y_A=-21.193+13.874x_7+4.834x_(10)in 1-year-old Chinese box turtle,y_B=-60.626+24.880x_9+11.750x_1-34.040x_(16)in 2-years-old Chinese box turtle,and y_C=223.604+145.260x_9-153.201x_8-33.241x_5in 3-years-old Chinese box turtle,where y_A,y_Band y_Cdenote body weight of the turtle with 1,2 and 3 years old,respectively.The findings provide important references and foundation with the selective breeding of Chinese box turtle.
引文
[1]潘冬冬.安徽黄缘盒龟资源现状调查、驯养繁育技术及线粒体DNA比较研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2014.
[2] Gray J E.Observations on the box tortoises,with the description of three new Asiatic species[J].Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London,1864,13(3):105-111.
[3]张孟闻,宗愉,马积藩.中国动物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:108-213.
[4]周婷.龟鳖分类图谱[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:97-103.
[5]刘翠娥,王建明,李若利,等.不同饲料蛋白质水平对黄缘盒龟稚龟影响试验[J].中国水产,2008(8):70-71.
[6]施振宁,黄利权,李立夫,等.利用甲鱼温室进行黄缘盒龟养殖试验[J].科学养鱼,2014,30(1):36.
[7]杨贵强.不同月龄哲罗鲑主要形态性状与体重的关系[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(5):876-886.
[8]佟雪红,董在杰,缪为民,等.建鲤与黄河鲤的杂交优势研究及主要生长性状的通径分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2007,22(3):159-163.
[9] Jonasson J.Selection experiments in salmon ranching:I.genetic and environmental sources of variation in survival and growth in freshwater[J].Aquaculture,1993,109(3-4):225-236.
[10]耿绪云,马维林,李相普,等.梭鱼(Liza haematocheila)外部形态性状对体重影响效果分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2011,42(4):530-537.
[11] Lin Yifu,Wu Shenghai,Lin Teen.Population status and distribution of the endangered yellow-margined box turtle Cuora flavomarginata in Taiwan[J].Oryx,2010,44(4):581-587.
[12]郭旭升,黄斌,赵良杰,等.河南信阳黄缘闭壳龟省级自然保护区黄缘闭壳龟种群现状调查[J].野生动物学报,2017,38(2):280-284.
[13]张艳云.黄缘盒龟和黄额盒龟线粒体全基因组的测定及闭壳结构龟类的分子系统学研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2010.
[14]张坤.基于DNA分子标记的黄缘闭壳龟遗传多样性与种群遗传结构研究[D].信阳:信阳师范学院,2017.
[15]黄斌.不同养殖条件下黄缘闭壳龟二龄幼龟的生长研究[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(5):62-67.
[16]董传举,孔胜楠,王蓉,等.黄缘闭壳龟生物学特性及种群分类研究进展[J].河南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):87-91.
[17] Huang Bin.Study on growth rhythm of juveniles Cistolemmys flavomarginata for one and two years old[J]. Physics Procedia,2012,25:989-996.
[18] Chen T H,Lee K Y.Growth patterns of the yellow-margined box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)in Northern Taiwan[J].Journal of Herpetology,2002,36(2):201-208.
[19]赵宏霞,黄斌,赵万鹏.黄缘闭壳龟消化系统、呼吸系统的解剖[J].四川动物,2010,29(1):59-62.
[20]黄斌.黄缘闭壳龟繁殖生物学及稚龟生长的研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2008.
[21] Chen T Y,Lee Y T,Chi C H.Observation of reproductive cycle of female yellow-margined box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)using radiography and ultrasonography[J]. Zoo Biology,2011,30(6):689-698.
[22]王艳梅.黄缘盒龟肉酶解产物抗氧化活性及其分离纯化的研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2013.
[23] Yang Puyu,Yu Pinhuan,Wu Shenghai,et al.Seasonal hematology and plasma biochemistry reference range values of the yellowmarginated box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)[J].Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine,2014,45(2):278-286.
[24]黄斌,张斯荷,杨艳磊.华中与华南地区黄缘闭壳龟形态学差异[J].信阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2013,26(2):240-244,295.
[25]章宇思,潘连德,洪滨.连续肌注恩诺沙星对中华草龟的急性和慢性毒理研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(6):643-650.
[26]史海涛,侯勉,Pritchard P,等.中国贸易龟类检索图鉴[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2008:1-7.
[27]袁志发,周敬芋,郭满才,等.决策系数—通径分析中的决策指标[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2001,29(5):131-133.
[28]杜鹃.通径分析在Excel和SPSS中的实现[J].陕西气象,2012(1):15-18.
[29]赵蔷.主成分分析方法综述[J].软件工程,2016,19(6):1-3.
[30]梁宏伟,曹力欢,李翔,等.三个不同品系中华鳖形态差异分析[J].淡水渔业,2017,47(4):91-96.
[31]马晓,王晓清,杜海波,等.中华鳖的体重与形态特征的关联分析[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,39(2):179-182.
[32] Elvingson P,Johansson K.Genetic and environmental components of variation in body traits of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)in relation to age[J].Aquaculture,1993,118(3-4):191-204.
[2] Gray J E.Observations on the box tortoises,with the description of three new Asiatic species[J].Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London,1864,13(3):105-111.
[3]张孟闻,宗愉,马积藩.中国动物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:108-213.
[4]周婷.龟鳖分类图谱[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:97-103.
[5]刘翠娥,王建明,李若利,等.不同饲料蛋白质水平对黄缘盒龟稚龟影响试验[J].中国水产,2008(8):70-71.
[6]施振宁,黄利权,李立夫,等.利用甲鱼温室进行黄缘盒龟养殖试验[J].科学养鱼,2014,30(1):36.
[7]杨贵强.不同月龄哲罗鲑主要形态性状与体重的关系[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(5):876-886.
[8]佟雪红,董在杰,缪为民,等.建鲤与黄河鲤的杂交优势研究及主要生长性状的通径分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2007,22(3):159-163.
[9] Jonasson J.Selection experiments in salmon ranching:I.genetic and environmental sources of variation in survival and growth in freshwater[J].Aquaculture,1993,109(3-4):225-236.
[10]耿绪云,马维林,李相普,等.梭鱼(Liza haematocheila)外部形态性状对体重影响效果分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2011,42(4):530-537.
[11] Lin Yifu,Wu Shenghai,Lin Teen.Population status and distribution of the endangered yellow-margined box turtle Cuora flavomarginata in Taiwan[J].Oryx,2010,44(4):581-587.
[12]郭旭升,黄斌,赵良杰,等.河南信阳黄缘闭壳龟省级自然保护区黄缘闭壳龟种群现状调查[J].野生动物学报,2017,38(2):280-284.
[13]张艳云.黄缘盒龟和黄额盒龟线粒体全基因组的测定及闭壳结构龟类的分子系统学研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2010.
[14]张坤.基于DNA分子标记的黄缘闭壳龟遗传多样性与种群遗传结构研究[D].信阳:信阳师范学院,2017.
[15]黄斌.不同养殖条件下黄缘闭壳龟二龄幼龟的生长研究[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(5):62-67.
[16]董传举,孔胜楠,王蓉,等.黄缘闭壳龟生物学特性及种群分类研究进展[J].河南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):87-91.
[17] Huang Bin.Study on growth rhythm of juveniles Cistolemmys flavomarginata for one and two years old[J]. Physics Procedia,2012,25:989-996.
[18] Chen T H,Lee K Y.Growth patterns of the yellow-margined box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)in Northern Taiwan[J].Journal of Herpetology,2002,36(2):201-208.
[19]赵宏霞,黄斌,赵万鹏.黄缘闭壳龟消化系统、呼吸系统的解剖[J].四川动物,2010,29(1):59-62.
[20]黄斌.黄缘闭壳龟繁殖生物学及稚龟生长的研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2008.
[21] Chen T Y,Lee Y T,Chi C H.Observation of reproductive cycle of female yellow-margined box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)using radiography and ultrasonography[J]. Zoo Biology,2011,30(6):689-698.
[22]王艳梅.黄缘盒龟肉酶解产物抗氧化活性及其分离纯化的研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2013.
[23] Yang Puyu,Yu Pinhuan,Wu Shenghai,et al.Seasonal hematology and plasma biochemistry reference range values of the yellowmarginated box turtle(Cuora flavomarginata)[J].Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine,2014,45(2):278-286.
[24]黄斌,张斯荷,杨艳磊.华中与华南地区黄缘闭壳龟形态学差异[J].信阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2013,26(2):240-244,295.
[25]章宇思,潘连德,洪滨.连续肌注恩诺沙星对中华草龟的急性和慢性毒理研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(6):643-650.
[26]史海涛,侯勉,Pritchard P,等.中国贸易龟类检索图鉴[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2008:1-7.
[27]袁志发,周敬芋,郭满才,等.决策系数—通径分析中的决策指标[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2001,29(5):131-133.
[28]杜鹃.通径分析在Excel和SPSS中的实现[J].陕西气象,2012(1):15-18.
[29]赵蔷.主成分分析方法综述[J].软件工程,2016,19(6):1-3.
[30]梁宏伟,曹力欢,李翔,等.三个不同品系中华鳖形态差异分析[J].淡水渔业,2017,47(4):91-96.
[31]马晓,王晓清,杜海波,等.中华鳖的体重与形态特征的关联分析[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,39(2):179-182.
[32] Elvingson P,Johansson K.Genetic and environmental components of variation in body traits of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)in relation to age[J].Aquaculture,1993,118(3-4):191-204.