基于引水限制调度线的并联水库系统供水优化算法及应用
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摘要
以实现梯级水库群或者水源连通工程水量补偿式调节为目标,针对并联水库的联合供水特征,采用引水限制调度线控制引水水库可引水量,引入粒子群算法构建了并联水库优化调度模型。通过优化引水调度线提出可以改进并联水库系统的调度规则和调度方法,将优化和常规调度有机结合,并根据并联水库系统实际运行条件设置模型的目标函数、约束条件和参数设置方法。以X市S水库和L水库组成的并联水库系统为实例,采用该模型进行优化模拟。结果表明:并联水库系统经优化年均弃水量比两库单独供水的弃水量减少5 496万m~3,末库容比两库单独供水时提高203万m~3。在95%供水保证率时,并联水库系统供水系统的年供水能力比双库单独供水能力之和提高了5 556万m~3。优化形成的引水限制调度线分布形态合理,并联供水系统经过优化大幅度提高了水库系统的供水能力,证明了基于引水限制调度线的并联水库系统供水优化算法的可行性,该方法对并联水库联合调度具有重要参考价值。
By taking realizing the compensative regulation of the water amount of cascade reservoir group or water source connection project as the study object and aiming at the joint-water supply characteristics of parallel reservoirs,the water diversionlimitation scheduling line is adopted to control the available water diversion amount from the water diverted reservoir,and then the particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to establish the optimized operation model for the parallel reservoirs.Through proposing the optimized water diversion-limitation scheduling line,both the scheduling rule and the scheduling method of reservoirs can be paralleled to organically combines the optimized scheduling with the conventional one,furthermore,the objective functions,constraint conditions and parameter setting method for the model are set up in accordance with the actual operation condition of the relevant parallel reservoirs system. Taking the parallel reservoirs system composed of S reservoir and L reservoir in X city as the actual case,the optimization simulation is carried out with this model. The result shows that through the optimization,the mean annual abandoned water of the parallel reservoir system is reduced by 54. 96 million m3,if it is compared with that from the individual water supply from both the reservoirs,while the final storage capacity is increased by2. 03 million m3,if it is compared with that when water is individually supplied by both the reservoirs. When the water supply guarantee rate is 95%,the annual water supply capacity of parallel reservoir system is increased by 55. 56 million m3,if it is compared with that from the individual water supplies of both the reservoirs. As the distribution pattern of the optimized water diversion-limitation scheduling line is reasonable,the water supply capacity of the parallel reservoirs system is largely increased after the optimization,by which the feasibility of the water diversion-limitation scheduling line-based optimized algorithm for the water supply of the parallel reservoirs system is verified,thus this method has an important referential vale for the joint-scheduling of parallel reservoirs.
By taking realizing the compensative regulation of the water amount of cascade reservoir group or water source connection project as the study object and aiming at the joint-water supply characteristics of parallel reservoirs,the water diversionlimitation scheduling line is adopted to control the available water diversion amount from the water diverted reservoir,and then the particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to establish the optimized operation model for the parallel reservoirs.Through proposing the optimized water diversion-limitation scheduling line,both the scheduling rule and the scheduling method of reservoirs can be paralleled to organically combines the optimized scheduling with the conventional one,furthermore,the objective functions,constraint conditions and parameter setting method for the model are set up in accordance with the actual operation condition of the relevant parallel reservoirs system. Taking the parallel reservoirs system composed of S reservoir and L reservoir in X city as the actual case,the optimization simulation is carried out with this model. The result shows that through the optimization,the mean annual abandoned water of the parallel reservoir system is reduced by 54. 96 million m3,if it is compared with that from the individual water supply from both the reservoirs,while the final storage capacity is increased by2. 03 million m3,if it is compared with that when water is individually supplied by both the reservoirs. When the water supply guarantee rate is 95%,the annual water supply capacity of parallel reservoir system is increased by 55. 56 million m3,if it is compared with that from the individual water supplies of both the reservoirs. As the distribution pattern of the optimized water diversion-limitation scheduling line is reasonable,the water supply capacity of the parallel reservoirs system is largely increased after the optimization,by which the feasibility of the water diversion-limitation scheduling line-based optimized algorithm for the water supply of the parallel reservoirs system is verified,thus this method has an important referential vale for the joint-scheduling of parallel reservoirs.
引文
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[2]李新杰,王宝莹,谢慰,等.自适应混沌差分进化算法在梯级水库优化调度中的应用[J].水利水电技术,2016,47(9):85-89.
[3]徐刚.流域梯级水电站联合优化调度理论与实践[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.
[4]孙万光,李成振,徐岩彬,等.复杂水库群供水和调水系统优化调度方法研究[J].水利学报,2015,46(3):253-265.
[5]黄草,王忠静,李书飞,等.长江上游水库群多目标优化调度模型及应用研究Ⅰ:模型原理及求解[J].水利学报,2014,45(9):1009-1018.
[6]黄草,王忠静,鲁军,等.长江上游水库群多目标优化调度模型及应用研究Ⅱ:水库群调度规则及蓄放次序[J].水利学报,2014,45(10):1175-1183.
[7]纪昌明,蒋志强,孙平,等.李仙江流域梯级总出力调度图优化[J].水利学报,2014,45(2):197-204.
[8]CHANG L C,CHANG F J.Multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for operating parallel reservoir system[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,377(1-2):12-20.
[9]董霞.串联水库总防洪库容补偿调度增加水库效益研究[J].东北水利水电,2011(9):53-54,61.
[10]方洪斌,胡铁松,曾祥,等.基于平衡曲线的并联水库分配规则[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(7):44-49.
[11]郭旭宁,胡铁松,吕一兵,等.跨流域供水水库群联合调度规则研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(7):757-766.
[12]钟平安,李兴学,张初旺,等.并联水库群防洪联合调度库容分配模型研究与应用[J].长江科学院院报,2003,20(6):51-54.
[13]冯景泽.并联水库联合调度供水策略研究[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2017,53(1):54-56.
[14]王福岭,原文林,于健,等.改进粒子群算法在梯级水库优化调度中的应用[J].人民黄河,2012,34(3):88-94.
[15]冯雁敏,李承军,张雪源.基于改进粒子群算法梯级水电站短期优化调度研究[J].水力发电,2009,35(4):24-28.
[16]ZHONGBO Z,YUNZHONG J,SHUANGHU Z.An adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm for reservoiroperation optimization[J].Applied soft computing,2014(18):167-177.
[17]苏同芬.改进的免疫粒子群算法及梯级水库优化调度问题的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2010.
[18]张双虎,黄强,吴洪,等.水电站水库优化调度的改进粒子群算法[J].水力发电学报,2007,26(1):1-5.
[19]廖松.密云水库与官厅水库联合调度方案的模拟分析[J].水文,1989(4):15-19.