不同氮素水平下无侧根突变体RM109主要农艺性状分析
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摘要
RM109是水稻原品种日本大力(Oryza sativa L.cv.Oochikara)经过化学诱变剂叠氮化钠(Na3N)处理获得的稳定无侧根突变体。本研究以RM109为研究对象,以及其野生型水稻品种日本大力为对照品种,研究了不同氮素水平下侧根对突变体及其野生型对照主要农艺性状的影响情况。结果表明:无论是在低氮素水平下还是在高氮素水平下日本大力的最大分蘖数、株高、穗数、穗长、每穗粒数和每穗实粒数均极显著高于无侧根突变体RM109;无侧根突变体RM109的株高、穗长和结实率在高低两种氮素水平下的差值与原品种日本大力差异不显著,而高低两种不同氮素水平下最大分蘖数、穗数和每穗粒数的差值在二者之间差异显著,两种氮素水平下每穗实粒数的差值在二者之间差异极显著。以上研究结果表明:水稻根系尤其是侧根对地上部分产量相关性状影响很大,不同氮素水平下各农艺性状差值在无侧根突变体RM109与原品种日本大力之间差异显著性表现不同,也表明水稻不同的农艺性状受环境(尤其是氮肥)的响应、影响不同。
RM109 is a stable lateral rootless mutant of rice cultivar(Oryza sativa L. cv. Oochikara) under the treatment of chemical mutagen sodium azide(Na3 N). In this study, RM109 was used as research object and its wild-type rice cultivar Oochikara was used as control group to analyze the effect of lateral root on the main agronomic traits of mutant and its wild-type control under different nitrogen levels. The results showed that the maximum number of tillers, plant height, spike number, spike length, the number of grains per panicle and the number of solid grains per panicle in wild-type Oochikara were all significantly higher than those in the mutant RM109 whether it was at low nitrogen level or at high nitrogen level. There was no significant variation in plant height, spike length and seed setting rate between lateral rootless mutant RM109 and Oochikara at high and low nitrogen levels. While the variation of maximum number of tillers, spike number and the number of grains per panicle was significant between the two cultivars under the two nitrogen levels, and the difference of the number of solid grains perpanicle was extremely significant between the two cultivars under the two nitrogen levels. The above results showed that the root system, especially the lateral root, had a great effect on the relative characters of the aboveground yield. The differences of agronomic characters between the lateral rootless mutant RM109 and the wildtype Oochikara were significantly different under different nitrogen levels. It also indicated that different agronomic characters of rice were affected by environment(especially nitrogen fertilizer).
RM109 is a stable lateral rootless mutant of rice cultivar(Oryza sativa L. cv. Oochikara) under the treatment of chemical mutagen sodium azide(Na3 N). In this study, RM109 was used as research object and its wild-type rice cultivar Oochikara was used as control group to analyze the effect of lateral root on the main agronomic traits of mutant and its wild-type control under different nitrogen levels. The results showed that the maximum number of tillers, plant height, spike number, spike length, the number of grains per panicle and the number of solid grains per panicle in wild-type Oochikara were all significantly higher than those in the mutant RM109 whether it was at low nitrogen level or at high nitrogen level. There was no significant variation in plant height, spike length and seed setting rate between lateral rootless mutant RM109 and Oochikara at high and low nitrogen levels. While the variation of maximum number of tillers, spike number and the number of grains per panicle was significant between the two cultivars under the two nitrogen levels, and the difference of the number of solid grains perpanicle was extremely significant between the two cultivars under the two nitrogen levels. The above results showed that the root system, especially the lateral root, had a great effect on the relative characters of the aboveground yield. The differences of agronomic characters between the lateral rootless mutant RM109 and the wildtype Oochikara were significantly different under different nitrogen levels. It also indicated that different agronomic characters of rice were affected by environment(especially nitrogen fertilizer).
引文
Bai Y.C.,Shen H.D.,Xue Q.Y.,Ni M.J.,Wang J.J.,and Qian X.Q.,2007,Effect of root growth of different genotype rice under the condition of different water and nitrogen Forms,Guangai Paishui Xuebao(Jouranl of Irrigation and Drainage),26(6):69-72(柏彦超,沈淮东,薛巧云,倪梅娟,王娟娟,钱晓晴,2007,不同水、氮对不同基因型水稻根系生长的影响,灌溉排水学报,26(6):69-72)
Cai K.Z.,Wu X.Z.,Luo S.M.,and Wang W.,2008,Effect of water stress at different growth stages on root activity leaf water potential and protective enzymes activity in rice,Huanan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Souoth China Agricultural University),29(2):7-10(蔡昆争,吴学祝,骆世明,王维,2008,不同生育期水分胁迫对水稻根系活力,叶片水势和保护酶活性的影响,华南农业大学学报,29(2):7-10)
Chen W.F.,Xu Z.J.,Zhang W.Z.,Zhang L.B.,and Yang S.R.,2001,Creation of new plant type and breeding rice for super high yield,Zuowu Xuebao(Acta Agronomica Sinica),27(5):665-672(陈温福,徐正进,张文忠,张龙步,杨守仁,2001,水稻新株型创造与超高产育种,作物学报,27(5):665-672)
Chen C.,Gong H.Q.,Zhang J.Z.,Xu Y.J.,and Gao H.J.,2016,Evalutation of nitrogen nutrition characteristics of different rice cultivars seedling stage,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),24(10):1347-1355(陈晨,龚海青,张敬智,徐寓军,郜红建,2016,不同基因型水稻苗期氮营养特性差异及综合评价,中国生态农业学报,24(10):1347-1355)
Cheng J.F.,Dai T.B.,Jing Q.,Jiang D.,Pan X.Y.,and Cao W.X.,2007,Root morphological and physiological characteristics in relation to nitrogen absorption efficiency in different rice genotypes,Turang Xuebao(Acta Pedologica Sinica),44(2):266-272(程建峰,戴廷波,荆奇,姜东,潘晓云,曹卫星,2007,不同水稻基因型的根系形态生理特性与高效氮素吸收,土壤学报,44(2):266-272)
Dong G.C.,Chen C.,Yuan Q.M.,Yang B.,Zhu Z.K.,Cao W.Y.,Zhong J.,Zhou J.,Luo G.,Wang Y.,Huang J.Y.,and Wang Y.L.,2016,The effect of nitrogen fertilizertreatments on root traits and nitrogen use efficiency in indica rice varieties with high nitrogen absorption efficiency,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(3):642-651(董桂春,陈琛,袁秋梅,羊彬,朱正康,曹文雅,仲军,周娟,罗刚,王熠,黄建晔,王余龙,2016,氮肥处理对氮素高效吸收水稻根系性状及氮肥利用率的影响,生态学报,36(3):642-651)
Fageria N.K.,Carvalho M.C.S.,and Santos F.C.,2014,Roo growth of upland rice genotypes as influenced by nitrogen fertilization,J.Plant Nutr.,37(1):95-106
Fan J.B.,Shen Q.R.,Tan J.Z.,Ye L.T.,Song W.J.,and Zhang YL.,2009,Difference of rott physiological and ecologica indices in rice cultivars with different N use efficiency Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),29(6):3052-3058(樊剑波,沈其荣,谭炯壮,叶利庭,宋文静,张亚丽,2009不同氮效率水稻品种根系生理生态指标的差异,生态学报,29(6):3052-3058)
Ji L.,Li T.X.,Zhang X.Z.,and Yu H.Y.,2012,Root morphological and activity characteristics of rice genotypoe withhigh nitrogen utilizaiton efficeiency,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),45(23):4770-4781(戢林,李廷轩,张锡洲,余海英,2012,氮高效利用基因型水稻根系形态和活力特征,中国农业科学,45(23):4770-4781)
Gan J.,2013,Genetic analysis for devekopment of rice roots responsive to nirtrogen,Thesis for M.S.,College of Life Science,Zhejiang University,Supervisor:Wu P.,pp.1-2(甘健,2013,水稻根系响应氮养分的遗传分析,硕士学位论文,浙江大学生命科学学院,导师:吴平,pp.1-2)
Hao Z.B.,Cang J.,Xu Z.,Gao J.G.,and Ichii M.,2001,Agronomic characteristics from the RM109 lateral root mutant of rice,Dongbei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northest Agricultural University),32(1):75-79(郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲高继国,一井真比古,2001,水稻侧根突变体RM109的农艺性状,东北农业大学学报,32(1):75-79
Ishikawa-Sakurai J.,Hayashi H.,and Murai-Hatano M.,2014Nitrogen availability affects hydraulic conductivity of rice roots,possibly through changes in aquaporin gene expression,Plant&Soil,379(1-2):283-300
Jin H.M.,Fu L.,Hao N.,Gao W.,and Wu Z.H.,2017,Effects of different nitrogen levels on plant types and yields of 4japonica rice varieties,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),15(12):33-36(金鸿明,付丽,郝娜,高娃武志海,2017,不同施氮水平对4个粳稻品种株型及产量的影响,分子植物育种,15(12):33-36)
Little D.Y.,Rao H.,Oliva S.,Daniel-vedele F.,Krapp A.,and Malamy E.J.,2005,The putative high-affinity nitrate transporter NRT2.1 represses lateral root initiation in response to nutritional cues,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,102(38):13693-13698
Liu S.J.,2012,Preliminary functional analysis of ARLR on adventitious root development inrice(Oryza sativa L.),Thesis for M.S.,College of Life Science,Zhejiang University,Supervisor:Wu P.,pp.1-5(刘绍军,2012,水稻不定根发育调控基因ARLR的功能初步分析,硕士学位论文,浙江大学生命科学学院,导师:吴平,pp.1-5)
Li M.,Zhang H.C.,Yang X.,Ge M.J.,Ma Q.,Wei H.Y.,Dai Q.G.,Huo Z.Y.,Xu K.,Cao L.Q.,and Wu H.,2012,Root morphological and physiological characteristics of rice cultivars with high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency,Zuowu Xuebao(Acta Agronoimca Sinica),38(4):648-656(李敏,张洪程,杨雄,葛梦婕,马群,魏海燕,戴其根,霍中洋,许轲,曹利强,吴浩,2012,水稻高产氮高效型品种的根系形态生理特征,作物学报,38(4):648-656)
Lu Y.H.,Liao Y.L.,Tang H.T.,Huang T.P.,Xia H.A.,Li X.Y.,and Zuo G.H.,2010,Effects of nitrogen application on rice yield,nitrogen uptake and use efficiency,Nongye Xiandaihua Yanjiu(Research of Agricultural Modernization),31(4):479-483(鲁艳红,廖育林,汤海涛,黄铁平,夏海鳌,李向阳,左光华,2010,不同施氮量对水稻产量、氮素吸收及利用效率的影响,农业现代化研究,31(4):479-483)
Shi Z.J.,and Fan X.L.,2002,Growth and adaptive changes of rice(Oryza sativa L.)root architecture in response to nitrogen supply,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F University),30(6):1-6(史正军,樊小林,2002,水稻根系生长及根构型对氮素供应的适应性变化,西北农科科技大学学报,30(6):1-6)
Tian X.,Wei Q.R.,Liang X.L.,Qi C.H.,and Shi Y.,2015,Effects of nitrogen on yield and quality of potato variety Dongnong 311,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):1975-1980(田洵,魏峭嵘,梁晓丽,祁驰恒,石瑛,2015,氮素对马铃薯品种东农311产量及品质的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):1975-1980)
Zhang H.,Xue Y.G.,Wang Z.Q.,Yang J.C.,and Zhang J.H.,2009,Morphological and physiological traits of roots and their relationships with shoot growth in“super”rice,Field Crop Research,113(10):31-40
Cai K.Z.,Wu X.Z.,Luo S.M.,and Wang W.,2008,Effect of water stress at different growth stages on root activity leaf water potential and protective enzymes activity in rice,Huanan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Souoth China Agricultural University),29(2):7-10(蔡昆争,吴学祝,骆世明,王维,2008,不同生育期水分胁迫对水稻根系活力,叶片水势和保护酶活性的影响,华南农业大学学报,29(2):7-10)
Chen W.F.,Xu Z.J.,Zhang W.Z.,Zhang L.B.,and Yang S.R.,2001,Creation of new plant type and breeding rice for super high yield,Zuowu Xuebao(Acta Agronomica Sinica),27(5):665-672(陈温福,徐正进,张文忠,张龙步,杨守仁,2001,水稻新株型创造与超高产育种,作物学报,27(5):665-672)
Chen C.,Gong H.Q.,Zhang J.Z.,Xu Y.J.,and Gao H.J.,2016,Evalutation of nitrogen nutrition characteristics of different rice cultivars seedling stage,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),24(10):1347-1355(陈晨,龚海青,张敬智,徐寓军,郜红建,2016,不同基因型水稻苗期氮营养特性差异及综合评价,中国生态农业学报,24(10):1347-1355)
Cheng J.F.,Dai T.B.,Jing Q.,Jiang D.,Pan X.Y.,and Cao W.X.,2007,Root morphological and physiological characteristics in relation to nitrogen absorption efficiency in different rice genotypes,Turang Xuebao(Acta Pedologica Sinica),44(2):266-272(程建峰,戴廷波,荆奇,姜东,潘晓云,曹卫星,2007,不同水稻基因型的根系形态生理特性与高效氮素吸收,土壤学报,44(2):266-272)
Dong G.C.,Chen C.,Yuan Q.M.,Yang B.,Zhu Z.K.,Cao W.Y.,Zhong J.,Zhou J.,Luo G.,Wang Y.,Huang J.Y.,and Wang Y.L.,2016,The effect of nitrogen fertilizertreatments on root traits and nitrogen use efficiency in indica rice varieties with high nitrogen absorption efficiency,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(3):642-651(董桂春,陈琛,袁秋梅,羊彬,朱正康,曹文雅,仲军,周娟,罗刚,王熠,黄建晔,王余龙,2016,氮肥处理对氮素高效吸收水稻根系性状及氮肥利用率的影响,生态学报,36(3):642-651)
Fageria N.K.,Carvalho M.C.S.,and Santos F.C.,2014,Roo growth of upland rice genotypes as influenced by nitrogen fertilization,J.Plant Nutr.,37(1):95-106
Fan J.B.,Shen Q.R.,Tan J.Z.,Ye L.T.,Song W.J.,and Zhang YL.,2009,Difference of rott physiological and ecologica indices in rice cultivars with different N use efficiency Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),29(6):3052-3058(樊剑波,沈其荣,谭炯壮,叶利庭,宋文静,张亚丽,2009不同氮效率水稻品种根系生理生态指标的差异,生态学报,29(6):3052-3058)
Ji L.,Li T.X.,Zhang X.Z.,and Yu H.Y.,2012,Root morphological and activity characteristics of rice genotypoe withhigh nitrogen utilizaiton efficeiency,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),45(23):4770-4781(戢林,李廷轩,张锡洲,余海英,2012,氮高效利用基因型水稻根系形态和活力特征,中国农业科学,45(23):4770-4781)
Gan J.,2013,Genetic analysis for devekopment of rice roots responsive to nirtrogen,Thesis for M.S.,College of Life Science,Zhejiang University,Supervisor:Wu P.,pp.1-2(甘健,2013,水稻根系响应氮养分的遗传分析,硕士学位论文,浙江大学生命科学学院,导师:吴平,pp.1-2)
Hao Z.B.,Cang J.,Xu Z.,Gao J.G.,and Ichii M.,2001,Agronomic characteristics from the RM109 lateral root mutant of rice,Dongbei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northest Agricultural University),32(1):75-79(郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲高继国,一井真比古,2001,水稻侧根突变体RM109的农艺性状,东北农业大学学报,32(1):75-79
Ishikawa-Sakurai J.,Hayashi H.,and Murai-Hatano M.,2014Nitrogen availability affects hydraulic conductivity of rice roots,possibly through changes in aquaporin gene expression,Plant&Soil,379(1-2):283-300
Jin H.M.,Fu L.,Hao N.,Gao W.,and Wu Z.H.,2017,Effects of different nitrogen levels on plant types and yields of 4japonica rice varieties,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),15(12):33-36(金鸿明,付丽,郝娜,高娃武志海,2017,不同施氮水平对4个粳稻品种株型及产量的影响,分子植物育种,15(12):33-36)
Little D.Y.,Rao H.,Oliva S.,Daniel-vedele F.,Krapp A.,and Malamy E.J.,2005,The putative high-affinity nitrate transporter NRT2.1 represses lateral root initiation in response to nutritional cues,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,102(38):13693-13698
Liu S.J.,2012,Preliminary functional analysis of ARLR on adventitious root development inrice(Oryza sativa L.),Thesis for M.S.,College of Life Science,Zhejiang University,Supervisor:Wu P.,pp.1-5(刘绍军,2012,水稻不定根发育调控基因ARLR的功能初步分析,硕士学位论文,浙江大学生命科学学院,导师:吴平,pp.1-5)
Li M.,Zhang H.C.,Yang X.,Ge M.J.,Ma Q.,Wei H.Y.,Dai Q.G.,Huo Z.Y.,Xu K.,Cao L.Q.,and Wu H.,2012,Root morphological and physiological characteristics of rice cultivars with high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency,Zuowu Xuebao(Acta Agronoimca Sinica),38(4):648-656(李敏,张洪程,杨雄,葛梦婕,马群,魏海燕,戴其根,霍中洋,许轲,曹利强,吴浩,2012,水稻高产氮高效型品种的根系形态生理特征,作物学报,38(4):648-656)
Lu Y.H.,Liao Y.L.,Tang H.T.,Huang T.P.,Xia H.A.,Li X.Y.,and Zuo G.H.,2010,Effects of nitrogen application on rice yield,nitrogen uptake and use efficiency,Nongye Xiandaihua Yanjiu(Research of Agricultural Modernization),31(4):479-483(鲁艳红,廖育林,汤海涛,黄铁平,夏海鳌,李向阳,左光华,2010,不同施氮量对水稻产量、氮素吸收及利用效率的影响,农业现代化研究,31(4):479-483)
Shi Z.J.,and Fan X.L.,2002,Growth and adaptive changes of rice(Oryza sativa L.)root architecture in response to nitrogen supply,Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest A&F University),30(6):1-6(史正军,樊小林,2002,水稻根系生长及根构型对氮素供应的适应性变化,西北农科科技大学学报,30(6):1-6)
Tian X.,Wei Q.R.,Liang X.L.,Qi C.H.,and Shi Y.,2015,Effects of nitrogen on yield and quality of potato variety Dongnong 311,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):1975-1980(田洵,魏峭嵘,梁晓丽,祁驰恒,石瑛,2015,氮素对马铃薯品种东农311产量及品质的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):1975-1980)
Zhang H.,Xue Y.G.,Wang Z.Q.,Yang J.C.,and Zhang J.H.,2009,Morphological and physiological traits of roots and their relationships with shoot growth in“super”rice,Field Crop Research,113(10):31-40