持续干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗生长及生理特性的影响
|
摘要
为青薯9号马铃薯新品种在贵州干旱石漠化地区的推广应用提供参考,采用盆栽模拟干旱试验研究持续干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:在不同干旱胁迫条件下,轻度干旱胁迫对青薯9号幼苗株高和地上部生物量的影响不明显,但随着干旱胁迫程度增加和持续时间的延长,幼苗生长受抑制程度明显;相对电解质渗出率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量均随干旱胁迫程度增加和持续时间的延长呈逐渐增加趋势,在持续干旱第20天,轻度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫青薯9号叶片的REC和MDA含量分别比对照增加34.5%和39.7%、124.5%和116.3%、177.0%和152.0%。在整个干旱胁迫过程中,青薯9号叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸(Pro)含量均显著高于对照,其中,Pro含量随干旱持续时间的延长呈先升高后降低趋势,并在轻度干旱胁迫第15天达最大值,中度和重度干旱胁迫第10天达最大值;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)在轻度干旱胁迫下呈逐渐增加趋势,而在中度和重度干旱胁迫下随持续时间的延长呈先升高后降低趋势,即在长期轻度、短期中度和重度干旱胁迫下,青薯9号幼苗可以通过提高细胞抗氧化酶活性来清除体内多余活性氧,维持膜稳定性,但随胁迫强度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,抗氧化酶活性明显降低,膜脂过氧化酶增强,植株受到严重伤害。
The effects of persistence drought on growth and physiological characteristics of Qingshu 9 seedlings were studied by a pot simulated drought method to provide a reference for popularization and application of Qingshu 9,a new potato variety,in drought and stony desertification areas,Guizhou. Results: Mild drought stress has no obvious effect on plant height and overground biomass of potato seedlings but seedling growth is obviously inhibited with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA content presents a gradual rising trend with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA content under mild,moderate and heavy drought stress for 20 d drought duration is 34. 5 % and 39. 7 %,124. 5 % and 116. 3 %,177. 0 % and152. 0 % respectively. Leaf soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline content is significantly higher than CK during the process of drought stress. The proline content presents a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration. Leaf proline content reaches the maximum under mild drought stress after 15 d drought duration and under moderate and heavy drought stress after 10 d drought duration.Leaf SOD and POD content presents a gradual rising trend under mild drought stress but a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration under moderate and heavy drought stress. Qianshu 9 seedlings can remove internal surplus active oxygen by raising cell autioxidant enzyme activity to maintain membrane stability but seedlings suffer severe damage with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration because its decrease of autioxidant enzyme activity and increase of membrane lipid peroxidase.
The effects of persistence drought on growth and physiological characteristics of Qingshu 9 seedlings were studied by a pot simulated drought method to provide a reference for popularization and application of Qingshu 9,a new potato variety,in drought and stony desertification areas,Guizhou. Results: Mild drought stress has no obvious effect on plant height and overground biomass of potato seedlings but seedling growth is obviously inhibited with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA content presents a gradual rising trend with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration. Leaf REC and MDA content under mild,moderate and heavy drought stress for 20 d drought duration is 34. 5 % and 39. 7 %,124. 5 % and 116. 3 %,177. 0 % and152. 0 % respectively. Leaf soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline content is significantly higher than CK during the process of drought stress. The proline content presents a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration. Leaf proline content reaches the maximum under mild drought stress after 15 d drought duration and under moderate and heavy drought stress after 10 d drought duration.Leaf SOD and POD content presents a gradual rising trend under mild drought stress but a first rising and then declining trend with prolongation of drought duration under moderate and heavy drought stress. Qianshu 9 seedlings can remove internal surplus active oxygen by raising cell autioxidant enzyme activity to maintain membrane stability but seedlings suffer severe damage with increase of drought stress degree and prolongation of drought duration because its decrease of autioxidant enzyme activity and increase of membrane lipid peroxidase.
引文
[1]Foti S,Mauromicale G,Lerna A.Influence of irrigation regimes on growth and yield of potato C.V.Spunta[J].Potato Res.,1995,38:307-318.
[2]Lahlou O,Ouattar S,Ledent J F.The effect of drought and cultivar on growth parameters,yield and yield components of potato[J].Agronomie,2003,23(3):257-268.
[3]Khorshidi Benam M B,Hassanpanah.Evaluation of Different Potato Cultivars at Different Irrigation Periods and Different Drought Stages[J].Acta Hort.,2007,729:183-188.
[4]焦志丽,李勇,吕典秋,等.不同程度干旱胁迫对马铃薯幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(6):329-333.
[5]Bustan A,Sagi M,Malach Y,et al.Effects of saline irrigation water and heat waves on potato production in an arid environment[J].Field Crops Res.,2004,90:275-285.
[6]Schafleitner R.Field screening for variation of drought tolerance in Solanum tuberosum L.by agronomical,physiological and genetic analysis[J].Potato Research,2007,50:71-85.
[7]李建武,王蒂,雷武生.干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片膜保护酶系统的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2007,9(3):100-103.
[8]抗艳红,龚学臣,赵海超,等.不同生育时期干旱胁迫对马铃薯生理生化指标的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):97-101.
[9]Liu F L,Jensen C R,Shahanzaria A,et al.ABA regulated stomatal control and photosynthetic water use efficiency of potato(Solaum tuberosum L.)during progressive soil drying[J].Plant Science,2005,168(3):831-836.
[10]Christina B.Wegener,Jansen G.Antioxidants in different potato genotypes:effect of drought and wounding stress[J].Agriculture,2013(3):131-146.
[11]Xu Q F,He Q,Li S,et al.Molecular characterization of St NAC2 in potato and its overexpression confers drought and salt tolerance[J].Acta Physiologie Plantarum,2014,36:1841-1851.
[12]刘玲玲,李军,李长辉,等.马铃薯可溶性蛋白、叶绿素及ATP含量变化与品种抗旱性关系的研究[J].中国马铃薯,2004,18(4):201-204.
[13]刘祖祺,张石诚.植物抗性生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.
[14]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科技出版社,2003.
[15]鲁松.干旱胁迫对植物生长及其生理的影响[J].江苏林业科技,2012,39(4):51-54.
[16]Wang S,Liang D,Li C,et al.Influence of drought stress on the cellular ultrastructure and antioxidant system in leaves of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive apple rootstocks[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012,51:81-89.
[17]贾学静,董立花,丁春邦,等.干旱胁迫对金心吊兰叶片活性氧及其清除系统的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):248-255.
[18]李萍,侯万伟,刘玉皎.干旱胁迫对蚕豆苗期植株形态及叶片保护性酶活性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):1029-1036.
[19]林宇丰,李魏,戴良英.抗氧化酶在植物抗旱过程中的功能研究进展[J].作物研究,2015,29(3):326-330.
[2]Lahlou O,Ouattar S,Ledent J F.The effect of drought and cultivar on growth parameters,yield and yield components of potato[J].Agronomie,2003,23(3):257-268.
[3]Khorshidi Benam M B,Hassanpanah.Evaluation of Different Potato Cultivars at Different Irrigation Periods and Different Drought Stages[J].Acta Hort.,2007,729:183-188.
[4]焦志丽,李勇,吕典秋,等.不同程度干旱胁迫对马铃薯幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(6):329-333.
[5]Bustan A,Sagi M,Malach Y,et al.Effects of saline irrigation water and heat waves on potato production in an arid environment[J].Field Crops Res.,2004,90:275-285.
[6]Schafleitner R.Field screening for variation of drought tolerance in Solanum tuberosum L.by agronomical,physiological and genetic analysis[J].Potato Research,2007,50:71-85.
[7]李建武,王蒂,雷武生.干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片膜保护酶系统的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2007,9(3):100-103.
[8]抗艳红,龚学臣,赵海超,等.不同生育时期干旱胁迫对马铃薯生理生化指标的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):97-101.
[9]Liu F L,Jensen C R,Shahanzaria A,et al.ABA regulated stomatal control and photosynthetic water use efficiency of potato(Solaum tuberosum L.)during progressive soil drying[J].Plant Science,2005,168(3):831-836.
[10]Christina B.Wegener,Jansen G.Antioxidants in different potato genotypes:effect of drought and wounding stress[J].Agriculture,2013(3):131-146.
[11]Xu Q F,He Q,Li S,et al.Molecular characterization of St NAC2 in potato and its overexpression confers drought and salt tolerance[J].Acta Physiologie Plantarum,2014,36:1841-1851.
[12]刘玲玲,李军,李长辉,等.马铃薯可溶性蛋白、叶绿素及ATP含量变化与品种抗旱性关系的研究[J].中国马铃薯,2004,18(4):201-204.
[13]刘祖祺,张石诚.植物抗性生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.
[14]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科技出版社,2003.
[15]鲁松.干旱胁迫对植物生长及其生理的影响[J].江苏林业科技,2012,39(4):51-54.
[16]Wang S,Liang D,Li C,et al.Influence of drought stress on the cellular ultrastructure and antioxidant system in leaves of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive apple rootstocks[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012,51:81-89.
[17]贾学静,董立花,丁春邦,等.干旱胁迫对金心吊兰叶片活性氧及其清除系统的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):248-255.
[18]李萍,侯万伟,刘玉皎.干旱胁迫对蚕豆苗期植株形态及叶片保护性酶活性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):1029-1036.
[19]林宇丰,李魏,戴良英.抗氧化酶在植物抗旱过程中的功能研究进展[J].作物研究,2015,29(3):326-330.