油菜高光效育种的难点及解决策略
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摘要
为了促进油菜高光效育种的研究进展,在剖析油菜高光效育种的难点、研究缺陷及有利条件的基础上,根据油菜超高产育种目标和生产实际需求,提出以下解决思路与方法:通过多途径创制甘蓝型油菜种质资源,拓宽高光效种质的筛选范围;建立综合鉴定指标体系,对高光效种质进行鉴定和定向改良,增加高光效种质的实用效率;构建油菜高光效结构指标体系,提高群体光合效能;多途径利用杂种优势,建立快速、高效的油菜高光效杂交育种方法体系;开展油菜高光效分子设计育种,提高育种效率;研究和实施油菜高光效栽培技术,促使光合效能的持续、稳定发挥。
In order to promote advance of rape high photosynthetic efficiency breeding,based on analysis of difficulties,research defects and favorable conditions,and for the breeding objective of super high yield breeding and actual demand for rapeseed production,different solutions and methods such as multi-channel creation of the Brassica napus germplasm,broad screening range of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm were proposed.Comprehensive evaluation index system was established for identifying,improving and increasing the actual efficiency of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm;rape index system of high photosynthetic efficiency structure was also built for increasing photosynthetic efficiency of groups,the fast and efficient hybrid method system of high photosynthetic efficiency breeding were established by using different ways.The breeding efficiency was improved by carrying out molecular design breeding of high photosynthetic efficiency.Cultivation of rape high photosynthetic efficiency was studied and applied for solutions to promote consistent photosynthetic capacity.
In order to promote advance of rape high photosynthetic efficiency breeding,based on analysis of difficulties,research defects and favorable conditions,and for the breeding objective of super high yield breeding and actual demand for rapeseed production,different solutions and methods such as multi-channel creation of the Brassica napus germplasm,broad screening range of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm were proposed.Comprehensive evaluation index system was established for identifying,improving and increasing the actual efficiency of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm;rape index system of high photosynthetic efficiency structure was also built for increasing photosynthetic efficiency of groups,the fast and efficient hybrid method system of high photosynthetic efficiency breeding were established by using different ways.The breeding efficiency was improved by carrying out molecular design breeding of high photosynthetic efficiency.Cultivation of rape high photosynthetic efficiency was studied and applied for solutions to promote consistent photosynthetic capacity.
引文
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[11]张耀文,赵小光,关周博,等.功能相对稳定期内油菜3类主要光合器官间光合性状差异的比较[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(2):296-304.ZHANG Y W,ZHAO X G,GUAN ZH B,et al.Comparison of photosynthetic traits in three main photosynthetic organs of Brassica napus during relatively stable period[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2017,30(2):296-604.
[12]张耀文,赵小光,田建华,等.甘蓝型油菜叶片和角果气体交换参数差异的比较[J].华北农学报,2015,30(3):162-171.ZHANG Y W,ZHAO X G,TIAN J H,et al.Comparison of photosynthetic gas exchanges parameter between leaf and pod of Brassica napus under different conditions[J].Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica,2015,30(3):162-171.
[13]王春丽,王周礼,陈婷,等.甘蓝型油菜生殖生长期叶片和角果光合与产量关系的研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(7):1417-1426.WANG CH L,WANG ZH L,CHEN T,et al.Relationship between yield and photosynthesis of leaf and silique of different Brassica napus L varieties during reproduction period[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-occidentalia Sinica,2016,36(7):1417-1426.
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