甘蓝型油菜正反交后代叶片净光合速率和叶绿素含量的比较
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摘要
为了揭示甘蓝型油菜正反交后代两者间光合特性差异的规律,为进行油菜高光效育种提供依据,以19对不同基因型的甘蓝型油菜正交、反交组合及其亲本为试验材料,对正、反交组合间叶片的净光合速率值、叶绿素含量、杂种优势、亲子相关性等进行了比较,结果表明:正交组合的叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量分别比对应反交组合高-8.93%~25.33%,-7.37%~8.70%,平均分别高2.34,1.26个百分点,分别有10,11个正交组合高于对应反交组合;19对组合中分别有10,11个正交组合的净光合速率、叶绿素含量的超标优势、中亲优势和超亲优势高于对应反交组合;正、反交组合叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量均与母本、父本、中亲值、高亲值、低亲值呈极显著或显著正相关,且与高亲的相关性大于与低亲的相关性;母本对正交组合叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量的直接作用(0.622和0.579)大于对反交组合的直接作用(0.463和0.325)。
In order to reveal the difference rules of photosynthetic traits between orthogonal and reciprocal combinations of Brassica napus and provide theoretical basis for high photosynthetic efficiency breeding of rapeseed,19 pairs of orthogonal and reciprocal combinations which had the different genotype and their parents were chosen as test materials to compare the net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,heterosis and parent-offspring correlation.Results showed that: The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal combinations were higher than that of reciprocal combinations with same genotype by-8. 93%-25. 33% and-7. 37%-8. 70% respectively and the average value was 2. 34 and 1. 26 percent,respectively. There were 10,11 orthogonal combinations of which were higher than reciprocal combinations; The over-stand heterosis,mid-parents heterosis and over-parent heterosis of net photosynthetic rate of 10 orthogonal combinations and chlorophyll content of 11 orthogonal combinations were higher than corresponding reciprocal combinations; The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal and reciprocal combination hybrids F1 all had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with their female parent,male parent,mid-parent value,high parent value and low parent value and the correlation with high parent was higher than that of low parent. The correlation of net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content between F1 and their female parent were higher than that of male parent in orthogonal combinations and the result was opposite in reciprocal combinations; The direct active affection that female parent had on net photosynthetic rate andchlorophyll content of orthogonal combination hybrids F1 which were 0. 622 and 0. 579 respectively were higher than that of orthogonal combination hybrids F1 which were 0. 463 and 0. 325 respectively. The values of net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content,mean of heterosis and appearance probability of strong superiority crosses in orthogonal combinations were higher than that in reciprocal combinations.
In order to reveal the difference rules of photosynthetic traits between orthogonal and reciprocal combinations of Brassica napus and provide theoretical basis for high photosynthetic efficiency breeding of rapeseed,19 pairs of orthogonal and reciprocal combinations which had the different genotype and their parents were chosen as test materials to compare the net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,heterosis and parent-offspring correlation.Results showed that: The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal combinations were higher than that of reciprocal combinations with same genotype by-8. 93%-25. 33% and-7. 37%-8. 70% respectively and the average value was 2. 34 and 1. 26 percent,respectively. There were 10,11 orthogonal combinations of which were higher than reciprocal combinations; The over-stand heterosis,mid-parents heterosis and over-parent heterosis of net photosynthetic rate of 10 orthogonal combinations and chlorophyll content of 11 orthogonal combinations were higher than corresponding reciprocal combinations; The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal and reciprocal combination hybrids F1 all had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with their female parent,male parent,mid-parent value,high parent value and low parent value and the correlation with high parent was higher than that of low parent. The correlation of net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content between F1 and their female parent were higher than that of male parent in orthogonal combinations and the result was opposite in reciprocal combinations; The direct active affection that female parent had on net photosynthetic rate andchlorophyll content of orthogonal combination hybrids F1 which were 0. 622 and 0. 579 respectively were higher than that of orthogonal combination hybrids F1 which were 0. 463 and 0. 325 respectively. The values of net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content,mean of heterosis and appearance probability of strong superiority crosses in orthogonal combinations were higher than that in reciprocal combinations.
引文
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[15]沈金雄,傅廷栋,杨光圣,等.甘蓝型油菜杂种优势及产量性状的遗传改良[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):5-9.
[16]严明理,刘忠松,官春云,等.甘蓝型油菜黄籽育种研究进展[J].湖南农业科学,2008(5):8-10,14.
[17]李殿荣,田建华,陈文杰,等.甘蓝型油菜特高含油量育种技术与资源创新[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(12):83-87.
[18]李凤阳,何激光,官春云.油菜叶片和角果光合作用研究进展[J].作物研究,2011,25(4):405-409.
[19]傅廷栋.杂交油菜的育种与利用[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1995:467-602.
[20]张斌斌,姜卫兵,韩健,等.作物光合特性在杂种优势评价中的应用研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(8):44-48.
[2]程建峰,沈允钢.作物高光效之管见[J].作物学报,2010,36(8):1235-1247.
[3]匡廷云.作物光能利用效率与调控[M].济南:山东科技出版社,2004:288-311.
[4]崔继林.光合作用与生产力[M].南京:江苏科技出版社,1997:275-355.
[5]杜维广,郝廼斌,满为群.大豆高光效育种[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:174-247.
[6]王汉中,殷艳.我国油料产业形势分析与发展对策建议[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(3):414-421.
[7]梅德圣,李云昌.中国油菜高产育种研究进展[J].湖北农业科学,2003(4):35-39.
[8]张耀文,王竹云,田建华,等.甘蓝型油菜同质异核细胞质雄性不育系与其保持系的光合特性[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(3):249-255.
[9]张耀文,赵小光,田建华,等.甘蓝型油菜光合性状的杂种优势研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(8):49-57.
[10]张继澍.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:104-148.
[11]杜维广,张桂茹,满为群,等.大豆高光效品种(种质)选育及高光效育种再探讨[J].大豆科学,2001,20(2):110-115.
[12]曹永强,谢甫绨,张惠君,等.大豆不同亲本正反交后代开花期叶片叶绿素含量遗传研究[J].大豆科学,2007,26(3):431-434.
[13]翟虎渠,曹树青,唐运来,等.籼型杂交水稻光合性状的配合力及遗传力分析[J].作物学报,2002,28(2):154-160.
[14]程建峰,马为民,陈根云,等.小偃54和京411及其杂交后代稳定优选株系光合特性的动态变化[J].作物学报,2009,35(6):1051-1058.
[15]沈金雄,傅廷栋,杨光圣,等.甘蓝型油菜杂种优势及产量性状的遗传改良[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):5-9.
[16]严明理,刘忠松,官春云,等.甘蓝型油菜黄籽育种研究进展[J].湖南农业科学,2008(5):8-10,14.
[17]李殿荣,田建华,陈文杰,等.甘蓝型油菜特高含油量育种技术与资源创新[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(12):83-87.
[18]李凤阳,何激光,官春云.油菜叶片和角果光合作用研究进展[J].作物研究,2011,25(4):405-409.
[19]傅廷栋.杂交油菜的育种与利用[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1995:467-602.
[20]张斌斌,姜卫兵,韩健,等.作物光合特性在杂种优势评价中的应用研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(8):44-48.