改进的考虑前车速度效应的交通流元胞自动机模型
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摘要
因为缺少高精度的交通实测,基本图方法和三相交通流理论之间的争议至今没有解决。通过一个改进的考虑前车速度效应的交通流元胞自动机模型来寻找双方之间正确的部分。新模型的数值模拟结果表明,新模型的基本图与实测结果非常近似。流量密度平面上的二维散布区域不是同步流独有的特征。自由流和阻塞的中间态可以稳定存在于交通系统中并且可以形成独立的交通相。对于证明同步流存在的方法:时空图、中断效应、相关函数分析,这些方法不完全准确。新模型可以表现出真实车辆跟驰行为的典型特征。
The controversy between fundamental diagram approach and three-phase traffic theory has not been resolved yet because of the lack of high-precise traffic measurements. The paper introduces a modified cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering the velocity effect of the front vehicle to find correct aspects between two sides. The numerical simulation results of the new model show that the fundamental diagram of the new model is much closer to the measurement results. The two-dimensional scattering region in the flow-density plane is not the unique feature of synchronized flow. The intermediate state between free flow and jams can exist steadily in the traffic system and itself can form the independent traffic phase. The methods that confirm the existence of synchronized flow concluding time-space plots,interruption effect and correlation function analyses are not accurate completely. The new model can reflect the typical feature of real car-following behaviors.
The controversy between fundamental diagram approach and three-phase traffic theory has not been resolved yet because of the lack of high-precise traffic measurements. The paper introduces a modified cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering the velocity effect of the front vehicle to find correct aspects between two sides. The numerical simulation results of the new model show that the fundamental diagram of the new model is much closer to the measurement results. The two-dimensional scattering region in the flow-density plane is not the unique feature of synchronized flow. The intermediate state between free flow and jams can exist steadily in the traffic system and itself can form the independent traffic phase. The methods that confirm the existence of synchronized flow concluding time-space plots,interruption effect and correlation function analyses are not accurate completely. The new model can reflect the typical feature of real car-following behaviors.
引文
[1]贾斌,高自友,李克平,等.基于元胞自动机的交通系统建模与模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
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[3] Kerner B S. Empirical macroscopic features of spatial-temporal traffic patterns at highway bottlenecks[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW E,2002(65):046138.
[4]田钧方,袁振洲.道路交通流离散建模方法研究[M].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2015.
[5] Schnhof M,Helbing D. Criticism of three-phase traffic theory[J]. Transportation Research Part B,2009(43):784-797.
[6] Nagel K,Schreckenberg M. A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic[J]. Journal de Physique I,1992,2(12):2221-2229.
[7] Li Xiaobai,Wu Qingsong,Jiang Rui. Cellular automaton model considering the velocity effect of a car on the successive car[J].PHYSICAL REVIEW E,2001(64):066128.
[8] Kerner B S,Klenov S L,Hiller A. Criterion for traffic phases in single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory[J]. Jourmal of Physics A General Physics,2006,39(9):2001-2020.
[9] Neubert L,Santen L,Schadschneider A. Single-vehicle data of highway traffic-a statistical analysis[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW E,1999(60):6480-6490.
[10] Jiang R,Hu M B,Zhang H M,et al. Traffic Experiment Reveals the Nature of Car-Following[J]. Plo S ONE,2014,9(4):e94351.
[11] Jiang R,Hu M B,Zhang H M,et al. On some experimental features of car-following behavior and how to model them[J].Transportation Research Part B 2015(80):338-354.
[2] Kerner B S. Experimental Features of Self-Org anization in Traffic Flow[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS,1998,81(17):3797-3800.
[3] Kerner B S. Empirical macroscopic features of spatial-temporal traffic patterns at highway bottlenecks[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW E,2002(65):046138.
[4]田钧方,袁振洲.道路交通流离散建模方法研究[M].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2015.
[5] Schnhof M,Helbing D. Criticism of three-phase traffic theory[J]. Transportation Research Part B,2009(43):784-797.
[6] Nagel K,Schreckenberg M. A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic[J]. Journal de Physique I,1992,2(12):2221-2229.
[7] Li Xiaobai,Wu Qingsong,Jiang Rui. Cellular automaton model considering the velocity effect of a car on the successive car[J].PHYSICAL REVIEW E,2001(64):066128.
[8] Kerner B S,Klenov S L,Hiller A. Criterion for traffic phases in single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory[J]. Jourmal of Physics A General Physics,2006,39(9):2001-2020.
[9] Neubert L,Santen L,Schadschneider A. Single-vehicle data of highway traffic-a statistical analysis[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW E,1999(60):6480-6490.
[10] Jiang R,Hu M B,Zhang H M,et al. Traffic Experiment Reveals the Nature of Car-Following[J]. Plo S ONE,2014,9(4):e94351.
[11] Jiang R,Hu M B,Zhang H M,et al. On some experimental features of car-following behavior and how to model them[J].Transportation Research Part B 2015(80):338-354.