灌溉对青贮玉米产量和品质的影响
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摘要
本研究采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方式,探讨了灌溉次数对青贮玉米的产量和品质的影响。结果表明,随着灌溉次数的增加,青贮玉米产量极显著提高(P <0.01),灌溉3次产量可以增加6倍。灌溉处理青贮玉米的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、碳水化合物(WSC)和淀粉含量有显著差异(P <0.05),灌溉处理显著提高了青贮玉米的MILK 2006奶吨指数8%～11%(P <0.05),与对照相比奶亩指数差异极显著(P <0.01),奶亩指数提高了2.4～5.8倍。玉米青贮饲料发酵品质差异不显著。青贮玉米栽培管理中,适当予以灌溉,可以提高产量改善品质。
The effect of irrigation on productive quantities and qualities of corn silage were studied by combined the field test and in door analytics in this paper.The results indicated the productive quantities of corn were increased significantly(P < 0.01) with the irrigation schedule which the most productive of corn was six times with the dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),water soluble carbohydrates(WSC),and starch content of which different significantly(P < 0.05).The milk per ton index were significant differences(P < 0.05) which increased 8% to 11% with irrigation.The milk per mu index different significantly(P < 0.01) which increased2.4 to 5.8 times.The fermentative quality of corn silage had no difference significantly.The quality and quantity of corn could increase by the irrigation schedule.
The effect of irrigation on productive quantities and qualities of corn silage were studied by combined the field test and in door analytics in this paper.The results indicated the productive quantities of corn were increased significantly(P < 0.01) with the irrigation schedule which the most productive of corn was six times with the dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),water soluble carbohydrates(WSC),and starch content of which different significantly(P < 0.05).The milk per ton index were significant differences(P < 0.05) which increased 8% to 11% with irrigation.The milk per mu index different significantly(P < 0.01) which increased2.4 to 5.8 times.The fermentative quality of corn silage had no difference significantly.The quality and quantity of corn could increase by the irrigation schedule.
引文
[1]范晓慧.不同水分胁迫下青贮玉米需水量及优化灌溉制度的分析研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.
[2]刘化涛,黄明镜,黄学芳,等.晋中盆地旱地玉米穗期形态指标与产量相关性分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(3):254~257.
[3]许庆方,玉柱,韩建国,等.高效液相色谱法测定苜蓿青贮中的有机酸[J].草原与草坪,2007,2:63~65,67.
[4]AOAC-Association of Official Analytical Chemist.Official methods of analysis 15th ed.[M].Arlington:AOAC,1990.942.
[5]Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64~75.
[6]ISO 6496:1999.Animal feeding stuffs-determination of moisture and other volatile matter content[S]
[7]Mahmut Kaplan,Ozkan Baran,Ali Unlukara,et al.the effects of different nitrogen doses and irrigation levels on yield,nutritive value,fermentation and gas production of corn silage[J].Turkish Journal of Field Crops,2016,21(1):101~109.
[8]Owens V N,Albrecht K A,Muck R E,et al.Protein degradation and fermentation characteristics of red clover and alfalfa silage harvested with varying levels of total nonstructural carbohydrates[J].Crop Science,1999,39(6):1873~1880.
[9]Shaverr,Undersander D,Schwab E,et al.Milk:Combining Yield and Quality into a Single Term[DB/OL].http://www.uwex.edu/ces/forage/pubs/milk 2000.htm.
[10]Tilly J M A,Terry R A.A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops[J].Journal of British Grassland Society,1963,18(2):104~111.
[11]Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):2583~3593.
[2]刘化涛,黄明镜,黄学芳,等.晋中盆地旱地玉米穗期形态指标与产量相关性分析[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(3):254~257.
[3]许庆方,玉柱,韩建国,等.高效液相色谱法测定苜蓿青贮中的有机酸[J].草原与草坪,2007,2:63~65,67.
[4]AOAC-Association of Official Analytical Chemist.Official methods of analysis 15th ed.[M].Arlington:AOAC,1990.942.
[5]Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64~75.
[6]ISO 6496:1999.Animal feeding stuffs-determination of moisture and other volatile matter content[S]
[7]Mahmut Kaplan,Ozkan Baran,Ali Unlukara,et al.the effects of different nitrogen doses and irrigation levels on yield,nutritive value,fermentation and gas production of corn silage[J].Turkish Journal of Field Crops,2016,21(1):101~109.
[8]Owens V N,Albrecht K A,Muck R E,et al.Protein degradation and fermentation characteristics of red clover and alfalfa silage harvested with varying levels of total nonstructural carbohydrates[J].Crop Science,1999,39(6):1873~1880.
[9]Shaverr,Undersander D,Schwab E,et al.Milk:Combining Yield and Quality into a Single Term[DB/OL].http://www.uwex.edu/ces/forage/pubs/milk 2000.htm.
[10]Tilly J M A,Terry R A.A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops[J].Journal of British Grassland Society,1963,18(2):104~111.
[11]Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):2583~3593.