鳕鱼卵中磷脂提取工艺的优化
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摘要
为了充分利用鳕鱼资源,提高海产品附加值,采用溶剂提取法,以乙醇液为提取溶剂,以磷脂得率及纯度为考察指标,通过单因素实验及正交实验,探讨乙醇浓度、料液比、提取次数和提取时间等四个因素对磷脂提取的影响,并制定出最优鳕鱼卵中磷脂的提取工艺。结果表明,鳕鱼卵中磷脂的最佳提取工艺条件为:以1∶10(g/m L)的料液比比例,采用乙醇浓度为90%的乙醇溶剂搅拌提取鳕鱼卵3次,每次提取6 h。该工艺成本低、方法简单、污染少、易于实现工业化。
In order to make full use of the codfish resources and improve the added value of seafood,the extraction process of phospholipids in cod roe was optimized and studied by solvent extraction( ethanol as the extraction solvent).The effects of four factors( ethanol concentration,ratio of material to liquid,the extraction time and the number of extraction) on the yield and phospholipid purity of extracts were researched to determine the optimum extraction process of cod roe through single factor study and orthogonal experimental analysis.The results showed the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: 90% ethanol solution as extraction solvent,ratio of cod roe to solvent 1 ∶ 10( g/m L),extraction time 6 h and extraction times 3.This extraction process had low cost,simple,and less pollution,and was suitable for large scale industrialization.
In order to make full use of the codfish resources and improve the added value of seafood,the extraction process of phospholipids in cod roe was optimized and studied by solvent extraction( ethanol as the extraction solvent).The effects of four factors( ethanol concentration,ratio of material to liquid,the extraction time and the number of extraction) on the yield and phospholipid purity of extracts were researched to determine the optimum extraction process of cod roe through single factor study and orthogonal experimental analysis.The results showed the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: 90% ethanol solution as extraction solvent,ratio of cod roe to solvent 1 ∶ 10( g/m L),extraction time 6 h and extraction times 3.This extraction process had low cost,simple,and less pollution,and was suitable for large scale industrialization.
引文
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[2]邓尚贵,徐涛,满德慧,等.鳕鱼(Gadous macrocephaius)皮水解蛋白亚铁修饰对大鼠营养性贫血改善的实验研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(5):719-725.
[3]Khiari Z,Rico D,Martin-Diana A B,et al.Comparison between gelatins extracted from mackerel and blue whiting bones after different pre-treatments[J].Food Chemistry,2013,139:347-354.
[4]闫鸣艳.狭鳕鱼皮胶原蛋白结构和物理特性的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.
[5]龚钢明,顾慧,蔡宝国.鱼类加工下脚料的资源化与利用途径[J].中国资源综合利用,2003(7):23-24.
[6]楼乔明,张问,刘连亮,等.狭鳕鱼皮脂肪酸组成分析及营养评价[J].核农学报,2016,30(2):0332-0337.
[7]刘超,苗钧魁,刘小芳,等.酶解法提取鳕鱼肝油的生产工艺研究[J].粮油食品科技,2015,23(3):95-100.
[8]吴莹莹.鳕鱼鱼头中鱼油的提取及EPA和DHA的分离纯化技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[9]邵胜荣,郭利萍.鳕鱼肝油中维生素A,D含量检测方法的探讨[J].食品科技,2013,38(11):276-279.
[10]Olsen R L,Toppe J,Karunasagar I.Challenges and realistic opportunities in the use of by-products from processing of fish and shellfish[J].Trend in Food Science&Technology,2014,36(2):144-151.
[11]姚凯,薛芸,李静,等.磷脂分析方法的研究进展[J].现代生物医学进展,2014,14(15):2972-2975.
[12]王湘,魏芳,吕晰,等.磷脂分析方法与应用研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2015,17(2):141-150.
[13]路英军,杨福明.大豆磷脂的应用及展望[J].科技信息,2007(18):291,424.
[14]吕名蕊,吕名秀,蔡春明,等.注射级大豆磷脂提取工艺的研究[J].中国油脂,2010,35(7):59-62.
[15]Alonzo F,Virtue P,Nicol S,et al.Lipids as trophic markers in antarctic krill II lipid composition of the body and digestive gland of euphausia superba in controlled conditions[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2005,296:65-79.
[16]吕晴,隋晓,刘坤,等.太平洋磷虾磷脂提取工艺研究及脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品工业科技,2014,15(35):236-240.
[17]郝颖,汪之和.EPA、DHA的营养功能及其产品安全性分析[J].现代食品科技,2006,22(3):180-182.
[18]赵静,姜国良,田丹.常见海产动物磷脂研究进展[J].食品工业,2011,10:86-89.
[19]王琦,薛长湖,徐杰,等.HPLC-ELSD法测定几种水产品卵及生殖腺中磷脂的组成[J].分析仪器,2012(5):18-22.
[20]Shirai N,Higuchi T,Suzuki H.Analysis of Lipid Classes and the Fatty Acid Composition of the Salted Fish Roe Food Products,Ikura,Tarako,Tobiko and Kazunoko[J].Food Chemistry,2006,94(1):61-67.
[21]赵红涛,唐辉,应雪,等.棉油皂脚中磷脂的提取工艺研究[J].食品科技,2013,38(4):256-260.
[22]边晶晶,谢晶,陈舜胜.南美白对虾虾头中磷脂提取工艺的优化[J].食品科学,2011,32(24):11-16.
[23]杨兰花.油菜磷脂的提取纯化工艺研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2006.
[24]袁延强,侯海荣,王希敏,等.分光光度法测定鱿鱼生殖腺提取物中总磷脂[J].现代药物与临床,2011,26(1):63-65.
[25]石东里.枣品种果实干物质和含水量的测定与比较[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2009,30(1):17-18.
[26]陈文娟,陈丽娇.大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂提取及磷脂成分分析[J].福建农林大学学报,2012,41(4):498-502.