基于改进层次分析法的高速列车轮轨型面匹配评价方法及应用
|
摘要
针对缺乏轮轨型面匹配评价综合方法这一问题,提出基于改进层次分析法的高速列车轮轨型面匹配评价方法。选取涉及轮轨接触和车辆动力学的11个参数作为评价指标,建立层次分解模型;采用专家打分的方式建立判断矩阵,对判断矩阵进行修正并通过计算其最大特征值的特征向量确定各项评价指标的权重;设计仿真工况进行车辆动力学仿真,对评价指标的仿真结果进行归一化处理,通过加权得到轮轨型面匹配的综合评价结果。评价结果与仿真计算结果直观表现相一致,验证了评价方法的可靠性。采用此方法对LM_A和S1002CN车轮设计型面及实测型面分别与60N和60D钢轨设计型面和正负偏差包络线的匹配状态进行评价,结果表明:LM_A车轮型面与60N和60D钢轨型面的匹配状态相差不大,而S1002CN车轮型面与60N钢轨型面的匹配状态优于60D钢轨型面;2种车轮型面与2种正偏差钢轨型面的匹配状态均优于各自的负偏差钢轨型面;S1002CN车轮型面的匹配稳定性不如LM_A车轮型面。
Aiming at the lack of comprehensive method for evaluating wheel-rail profile matching, an evaluation method of wheel-rail profile matching for high speed train was proposed based on the improved Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). 11 parameters involving wheel-rail contact and vehicle dynamics were chosen as evaluation indexes to establish a hierarchical decomposition model. The judgment matrix was established by means of expert scoring. The judgment matrix was corrected and the weight of each evaluation index was determined by calculating the eigenvectors corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue. The vehicle dynamics simulation was carried out by designing simulation conditions, and the simulation results of the evaluation indexes were normalized, and the comprehensive evaluation results of wheel-rail profile matching were obtained by weighting the normalized evaluation indexes. The evaluation results by the proposed method were consistent with subjective judgment based on simulation results, which verified the reliability of the method. This method was applied to evaluate the matching states of LM_A and S1002 CN wheel design profiles and the measured profiles with 60 N and 60 D rail design profiles and the positive and negative deviation envelopes, respectively. Results show that, there is little difference in the matching state between LM_A wheel profile and 60 N and 60 D rail profiles, while the matching state between S1002 CN wheel profile and 60 N rail profile is better than that of 60 D rail profile. The matching states between the two wheel profiles and the two positive deviation rail profiles are better than that of the negative deviation rail profiles. The matching stability of S1002 CN wheel profile is not as good as that of LM_A wheel profile.
Aiming at the lack of comprehensive method for evaluating wheel-rail profile matching, an evaluation method of wheel-rail profile matching for high speed train was proposed based on the improved Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). 11 parameters involving wheel-rail contact and vehicle dynamics were chosen as evaluation indexes to establish a hierarchical decomposition model. The judgment matrix was established by means of expert scoring. The judgment matrix was corrected and the weight of each evaluation index was determined by calculating the eigenvectors corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue. The vehicle dynamics simulation was carried out by designing simulation conditions, and the simulation results of the evaluation indexes were normalized, and the comprehensive evaluation results of wheel-rail profile matching were obtained by weighting the normalized evaluation indexes. The evaluation results by the proposed method were consistent with subjective judgment based on simulation results, which verified the reliability of the method. This method was applied to evaluate the matching states of LM_A and S1002 CN wheel design profiles and the measured profiles with 60 N and 60 D rail design profiles and the positive and negative deviation envelopes, respectively. Results show that, there is little difference in the matching state between LM_A wheel profile and 60 N and 60 D rail profiles, while the matching state between S1002 CN wheel profile and 60 N rail profile is better than that of 60 D rail profile. The matching states between the two wheel profiles and the two positive deviation rail profiles are better than that of the negative deviation rail profiles. The matching stability of S1002 CN wheel profile is not as good as that of LM_A wheel profile.
引文
[1] 成棣.车轮型面多目标优化设计研究[D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2011.(CHENG Di.Research on Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel Profile[D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Sciences,2011.in Chinese)
[2] 柳拥军.高速轮轨接触几何学及高速轮轨几何型面优化的研究[D].北京:铁道部科学研究院,1999.(LIU Yongjun.Wheel-Rail Contact Geometry and Optimization of Wheel and Rail Profiles for High Speed Railway[D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Sciences,1999.in Chinese)
[3] SHEVTSOV I Y,MARKINE V L,ESVELD C.Optimal Design of Wheel Profile for Railway Vehicles[J].Wear,2005,258(7):1022-1030.
[4] MARKINE V L,SHEVTSOV I Y,ESVELD C.An Inverse Shape Design Method for Railway Wheel Profiles[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2007,33(3):243-253.
[5] 崔大宾,李立,金学松,等.基于轮轨法向间隙的车轮踏面优化方法 [J].机械工程学报,2009,45(12):205-211.(CUI Dabin,LI Li,JIN Xuesong,et al.Numerical Optimization Technique for Wheel Profile Considering the Normal Gap of the Wheel and Rail[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(12):205-211.in Chinese)
[6] 中华人民共和国铁道部.铁运[2008]28号高速动车组整车试验规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,2008.
[7] POLACH O.Comparability of the Nonlinear and Linearized Stability Assessment during Railway Vehicle Design[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(Supplement):129-138.
[8] 中华人民共和国铁道部.GB/T 5599—1985 铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1985.
[9] International Organization for Standardization.ISO 2631-1—1997 Mechanical Vibration and Shock-Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration—Part 1:General requirement[S].Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,1997.
[10] 王莲芬.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
[11] 张炳江.层次分析法及其应用案例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[12] 许树柏.实用决策方法:层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1998.
[13] VIJAY K Garg,RAO V Dukkipati.Dynamics of Railway Vehicle Systems[M].London:Academic Press,1984.
[14] 任尊松.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.
[15] 王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[16] 张定贤.机车车辆轨道系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1996.
[17] International Union of Railways.UIC 519—2004 Method for Determining the Equivalent Conicity[S].Paris:International Union of Railways,2004.
[18] International Union of Railways.UIC 518—2009 Testing and Approval of Railway Vehicles from the Point of View of Their Dynamic Behaviour-Safety-Track Fatigue-Running Behavior[S].Paris:International Union of Railways,2009.
[19] 董孝卿,许自强.基于轮轨几何关系的构架报警控制措施深化研究[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[20] Federal Railroad Administration.Vehicle/Track Interaction Safety Standards;High-Speed and High Cant Deficiency Operations;Final Rule[S].New York:Federal Railroad Administration,2013.
[21] 罗庆中,刘丰收,成棣,等.轮轨型面匹配优化及适应性研究[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[22] 成棣,王成国,刘金朝.客车车轮型面的多目标优化设计模型研究[J].中国铁道科学,2011,32(2):77-84.(CHENG Di,WANG Chengguo,LIU Jinzhao.Research on the Multi-Objective Optimization Design Model of Wheel Profile for Railway Passenger Car[J].China Railway Science,2011,32(2):77-84.in Chinese)
[23] 成棣,王成国,刘金朝,等.HXD2型电力机车车轮型面的多目标优化[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(1):75-81.(CHENG Di,WANG Chengguo,LIU Jinzhao,et al.Multiobjective Optimization for the Wheel Profile of HXD2 Electric Locomotive[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(1):75-81.in Chinese)
[2] 柳拥军.高速轮轨接触几何学及高速轮轨几何型面优化的研究[D].北京:铁道部科学研究院,1999.(LIU Yongjun.Wheel-Rail Contact Geometry and Optimization of Wheel and Rail Profiles for High Speed Railway[D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Sciences,1999.in Chinese)
[3] SHEVTSOV I Y,MARKINE V L,ESVELD C.Optimal Design of Wheel Profile for Railway Vehicles[J].Wear,2005,258(7):1022-1030.
[4] MARKINE V L,SHEVTSOV I Y,ESVELD C.An Inverse Shape Design Method for Railway Wheel Profiles[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2007,33(3):243-253.
[5] 崔大宾,李立,金学松,等.基于轮轨法向间隙的车轮踏面优化方法 [J].机械工程学报,2009,45(12):205-211.(CUI Dabin,LI Li,JIN Xuesong,et al.Numerical Optimization Technique for Wheel Profile Considering the Normal Gap of the Wheel and Rail[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(12):205-211.in Chinese)
[6] 中华人民共和国铁道部.铁运[2008]28号高速动车组整车试验规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,2008.
[7] POLACH O.Comparability of the Nonlinear and Linearized Stability Assessment during Railway Vehicle Design[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(Supplement):129-138.
[8] 中华人民共和国铁道部.GB/T 5599—1985 铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1985.
[9] International Organization for Standardization.ISO 2631-1—1997 Mechanical Vibration and Shock-Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration—Part 1:General requirement[S].Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,1997.
[10] 王莲芬.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
[11] 张炳江.层次分析法及其应用案例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[12] 许树柏.实用决策方法:层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1998.
[13] VIJAY K Garg,RAO V Dukkipati.Dynamics of Railway Vehicle Systems[M].London:Academic Press,1984.
[14] 任尊松.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.
[15] 王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[16] 张定贤.机车车辆轨道系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1996.
[17] International Union of Railways.UIC 519—2004 Method for Determining the Equivalent Conicity[S].Paris:International Union of Railways,2004.
[18] International Union of Railways.UIC 518—2009 Testing and Approval of Railway Vehicles from the Point of View of Their Dynamic Behaviour-Safety-Track Fatigue-Running Behavior[S].Paris:International Union of Railways,2009.
[19] 董孝卿,许自强.基于轮轨几何关系的构架报警控制措施深化研究[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[20] Federal Railroad Administration.Vehicle/Track Interaction Safety Standards;High-Speed and High Cant Deficiency Operations;Final Rule[S].New York:Federal Railroad Administration,2013.
[21] 罗庆中,刘丰收,成棣,等.轮轨型面匹配优化及适应性研究[R].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2017.
[22] 成棣,王成国,刘金朝.客车车轮型面的多目标优化设计模型研究[J].中国铁道科学,2011,32(2):77-84.(CHENG Di,WANG Chengguo,LIU Jinzhao.Research on the Multi-Objective Optimization Design Model of Wheel Profile for Railway Passenger Car[J].China Railway Science,2011,32(2):77-84.in Chinese)
[23] 成棣,王成国,刘金朝,等.HXD2型电力机车车轮型面的多目标优化[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(1):75-81.(CHENG Di,WANG Chengguo,LIU Jinzhao,et al.Multiobjective Optimization for the Wheel Profile of HXD2 Electric Locomotive[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(1):75-81.in Chinese)