雷电侵入波下牵引变压器绕组的谐振分析
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摘要
牵引变压器作为高铁牵引变电所内的核心设备,其运行安全与绕组绝缘情况息息相关。根据多导体传输线理论,搭建牵引变压器绕组以线匝为单位的单输入多输出模型,在该模型下推导出绕组的传递函数表达式,用以分析雷电侵入波下,谐振对绕组绝缘的影响。首先分析传递函数幅频特性,研究绕组中的谐振情况并对谐振可能导致的绕组绝缘击穿点进行定位;然后分析电容参数变化对绕组谐振情况产生的影响;最后在时域内进行验证计算,其结果符合谐振分析结果,验证了本文方法的正确性与可行性。结果表明:雷电波侵入后,绕组第一饼4～8匝线圈绝缘更易因谐振发生击穿,应重点对其进行防护。
As the core equipment of high-speed railway traction substation,the safety operation of traction transformer is closely related to insulation conditions of the windings.In order to analyze the effect of resonance on traction transformer winding insulation during the lightning wave intrusion,this thesis built the single-input multiple-output model of the transformer windings in turns and calculated the windings' transfer function based on multi-conductor transmission line theory.Through the analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the transfer function,the resonance situation in the windings was analyzed to position the possible breakdown points that may be caused by the resonance.Then,the effects of the change in capacitance parameters on the resonance situation of the windings were analyzed.Finally,according to the verification calculation in the time domain,the results can accord with those of the resonance analysis,which explained the feasibility and correctness of the proposed method.The results show that after the intrusion of lightning wave,the 4 th to8 th turns from the first section of the windings are the places where insulation breakdown are more likely to appear.Thus,more attention should be paid on its protection.
As the core equipment of high-speed railway traction substation,the safety operation of traction transformer is closely related to insulation conditions of the windings.In order to analyze the effect of resonance on traction transformer winding insulation during the lightning wave intrusion,this thesis built the single-input multiple-output model of the transformer windings in turns and calculated the windings' transfer function based on multi-conductor transmission line theory.Through the analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the transfer function,the resonance situation in the windings was analyzed to position the possible breakdown points that may be caused by the resonance.Then,the effects of the change in capacitance parameters on the resonance situation of the windings were analyzed.Finally,according to the verification calculation in the time domain,the results can accord with those of the resonance analysis,which explained the feasibility and correctness of the proposed method.The results show that after the intrusion of lightning wave,the 4 th to8 th turns from the first section of the windings are the places where insulation breakdown are more likely to appear.Thus,more attention should be paid on its protection.
引文
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[14]阮玲,赵淳,阮江军.基于多导体传输线模型的变压器绕组分布参数计算[J].高压电器,2009,45(4):41-46.RUAN Ling,ZHAO Chun,RUAN Jiangjun.Calculation of Distributed Parameters of Transformer Winding Based on the Model of Multi-conductor Transmission Line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(4):41-46.
[15]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰.VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):4-7.ZHANG Xile,LIANG Guishu,SUN Haifeng.Computation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Transformer Windings[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):4-7.
[16]张旭东,张重远,陈涛.基于多导体传输线模型变压器宽频参数的计算[J].变压器,2014,51(8):5-10.ZHANG Xudong,ZHANG Zhongyuan,CHEN Tao.Calculation of Broadband Admittance Parameters for Transformer Based on MTL[J].Transformer,2014,51(8):5-10.
[2]高媛,王宏斌,雷娟.750kV敞开式变电站雷电侵入波的防护[J].高压电器,2008,44(5):445-448.GAO Yuan,WANG Hongbin,LEI Juan.Lighting Protection of 750kV AIS Substation against Intruding Wave[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2008,44(5):445-448.
[3]陈健.大型变压器波过程及主绝缘电场的仿真研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2012:1-2.
[4]LIU Y L,SEBO S A,CALDECOTT R,et al.Power Transformer Resonance-Measurements and Prediction[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1992,7(1):245-253.
[5]KOENIG D,KRESS K.Study of Power Coil Resonance Phenomena Based on Travelling Wave Theory[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1991,26(3):349-357.
[6]POPOV M,SLUIS L,PAAP G,et al.Computation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Transformer Windings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(4):1268-1274.
[7]杜建平,李健,赵维毅,等.高阻抗变压器波过程计算及结构优化[J].变压器,2016,53(5):13-16.DU Jianping,LI jian,ZHAO Weiyi,et al.Wave Process Calculation and Structure Optimization of High-impedance Transformer[J].Transformer,2016,53(5):13-16.
[8]高国树,张重远,刘云鹏.特快速暂态过电压作用下变压器绕组内置MOV动态保护特性[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(5):49-55.GAO Guoshu,ZHANG Zhongyuan LIU Yunpeng.Dynamic Protection Characteristic of MOV for Transformer Windings under VFTO[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(5):49-55.
[9]滕婕.计及绕组波过程的牵引变压器防雷研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2015:14-16.
[10]PAUL C R.Analysis of Multi-conductor Transmission Lines[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1994:157-169.
[11]孙海峰,梁贵书,张喜乐.VFTO作用下变压器绕组的谐振分析[J].高电压技术,2006,32(6):1-4.SUN Haifeng,LIANG Guishu,ZHANG Xile.Analysis of Resonance in Transformer Windings under Very Fast Transient Overtoltages[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(6):1-4.
[12]杨钰,王赞基.用于特快速暂态仿真的大型电力变压器线圈频域分段建模[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(10):66-71.YANG Yu,WANG Zanji.Piecewise Frequency-domain Modeling of Large Power Transformer Windings for Very Fast Transient Overvoltage Simulations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(10):66-71.
[13]汤曼丽.雷电冲击下变压器绕组中暂态过电压的分析研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2012:13-14.
[14]阮玲,赵淳,阮江军.基于多导体传输线模型的变压器绕组分布参数计算[J].高压电器,2009,45(4):41-46.RUAN Ling,ZHAO Chun,RUAN Jiangjun.Calculation of Distributed Parameters of Transformer Winding Based on the Model of Multi-conductor Transmission Line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(4):41-46.
[15]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰.VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):4-7.ZHANG Xile,LIANG Guishu,SUN Haifeng.Computation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Transformer Windings[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):4-7.
[16]张旭东,张重远,陈涛.基于多导体传输线模型变压器宽频参数的计算[J].变压器,2014,51(8):5-10.ZHANG Xudong,ZHANG Zhongyuan,CHEN Tao.Calculation of Broadband Admittance Parameters for Transformer Based on MTL[J].Transformer,2014,51(8):5-10.