顾及各向异性的三维克里金空间插值
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摘要
针对三维空间插值各向异性与属性变化难以结合的问题,提出了一种以地统计学为基础,实现对具有各向异性地理现象的三维空间插值方法。首先,利用分层采样的方法收集青海湖周边土壤钾含量值,并进行采样优化;然后,采用主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)对采样数据进行属性变化的方向特征分析,提取属性的特征方向;接着,进行结构特征分析,拟合三个轴上的变异函数曲线,构建各向异性变异函数的统一套合模型,获得土壤钾含量的三维空间插值结果;最后,与局部径向基函数(Local radial basis function, LRBF)和三维普通克里金(3D ordinary kriging, 3D-OK)方法比较,这种方法对地理属性进行结构特征分析,拟合变异曲线,能够反映地理现象在三维空间中的各向异性特征,从而规范构建三维变异函数的统一套合模型,且插值精度高,是一种可行的顾及各向异性三维空间插值方法。
It is difficult to combine the anisotropy with the change of attributes in 3 D spatial interpolation, a three-dimensional interpolation method based on geo-statistics is proposed to realize anisotropic geographic phenomena. Firstly, using stratified sampling method to collect soil potassium content values around Qinghai Lake, and sampling optimization; Secondly, the principal component analysis(PCA) is used to analyze the direction characteristics of the attributes of the collected data, and the feature direction of the data attributes is extracted; Then, the structural characteristic analysis was carried out, and the variogram curves of three axes were fitted. The unified model of anisotropic variogram was constructed, and the three-dimensional interpolation results of soil potassium content were obtained; Finally, compared with the local RBF and 3 D ordinary Kriging method(OK), this method analyzes the structural characteristics of geographical attributes and fitting the variation curve, which can reflect the anisotropic characteristics of geographical phenomena in three-dimensional space, and thus standardize the construction of three-dimensional variation function unified nested model, moreover, the interpolation results are higher accuracy, and it is a feasible interpolation method considering anisotropic 3 D space.
It is difficult to combine the anisotropy with the change of attributes in 3 D spatial interpolation, a three-dimensional interpolation method based on geo-statistics is proposed to realize anisotropic geographic phenomena. Firstly, using stratified sampling method to collect soil potassium content values around Qinghai Lake, and sampling optimization; Secondly, the principal component analysis(PCA) is used to analyze the direction characteristics of the attributes of the collected data, and the feature direction of the data attributes is extracted; Then, the structural characteristic analysis was carried out, and the variogram curves of three axes were fitted. The unified model of anisotropic variogram was constructed, and the three-dimensional interpolation results of soil potassium content were obtained; Finally, compared with the local RBF and 3 D ordinary Kriging method(OK), this method analyzes the structural characteristics of geographical attributes and fitting the variation curve, which can reflect the anisotropic characteristics of geographical phenomena in three-dimensional space, and thus standardize the construction of three-dimensional variation function unified nested model, moreover, the interpolation results are higher accuracy, and it is a feasible interpolation method considering anisotropic 3 D space.
引文
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[2] 芦园园,张甘霖,赵玉国等.复杂景观环境下土壤厚度分布规则提取与制图[J].农业工程学报,2014,(18):132-141.
[3] 李锦艳.浅论土壤肥料研究对实现农业可持续性发展的作用[J].农业与技术,2012,32(04):3.
[4] 史文娇,岳天祥,石晓丽等.土壤连续属性空间插值方法及其精度的研究进展[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(01):163-175.
[5] 赵其国.土壤科学发展的战略思考[J].土壤,2009,41 (5):681-688.
[6] 史文娇,刘纪远,杜正平等.基于地学信息的土壤属性高精度曲面建模[J].地理学报,2011,66 (11):1574-1581.
[7] 王劲峰,葛咏,李连发,等.地理学时空数据分析方法[J].地理学报,2014,69 (9):1326-1345.
[8] 瞿明凯,李卫东,张传荣,等.地理加权回归及其在土壤和环境科学上的应用前景[J].土壤,2014,46 (1):15-22.
[9] 陈传法,岳天祥,张照杰,等.基于高精度曲面模型的高程异常曲面模拟[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(05):82-86.
[10] Wang Q,Parviz M,Iaccarino G.A high order multivariate approximation scheme for scattered data sets.Journal of Computional Physics.2010,229:6343-6361
[11] Lafureza S,Canals M,Casamor J L,et al.Spatial interpolation of soil salinity and solidity for a saline soil in southern Alberta.Can.J.Soil Res,1992,72(4):503-516
[12] Stavropoulou1 M,Exadaktylos G,Saratsis G.A Combined Three-Dimensional Geological- Geostatistical-Numerical Model of Underground Excavation in Rock.Rock Mech.Rock Engng,2007,40(3):213-243
[13] Li H.Y,Li F.H,Shi Z,et al.Three Dimensional Variability of Soil Electrical Conductivity Based On Electromagnetic Induction Approach.2010 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence,2010:219-224
[14] 周成虎,程维明,钱金凯,等.中国陆地1:100万数字地貌分类体系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,(6):707-724.
[15] 姚凌青,潘懋,成秋明,等.三维Kriging方法中的变异函数套合[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2009,34(02):294-298.