南汇东滩圈围工程对长江口河势影响的数值模拟分析
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摘要
基于验证的MIKE21软件长江口二维潮流数值模型,计算和重点分析了南汇东滩促淤圈围工程对长江口南槽、北槽和横沙通道的影响。结果表明:南汇东滩促淤圈围工程束窄了南槽下段河道,较大幅度地减小了该段的潮流量;但南槽中段以下河段流速增加幅度较大,河槽将会刷深,河势将得到发展;江亚北槽将会得到发展,北槽中段泥沙淤积现象将会加剧;横沙通道涨落潮流量大幅减少,横沙通道涨落潮流量与南槽涨落潮流量存在非常高的相关性,这对横沙通道作为航道开发和利用会带来较为不利的影响。
To study the impact of the Nanhui East Tidal Flat reclamation project on river regime evolution in the Yangtze Estuary, a two-dimensional tidal flow numerical model of the estuary was established based on the MIKE21 model. The model was calibrated with field data and the analysis focused on the North, South, and Hengsha Passages. The numerical results show that after the reclamation project the tidal discharge greatly decreases and the velocity significantly increases in the South Passage due to a reduction in river width. This results in river bed scour and the river regime developing downstream from the middle of the South Passage. Although the Jiangya North Passage will be developed, the sedimentation in the middle of the North Passage will be intensified. The tidal discharge in the Hengsha Passage shows a high correlation with that in the South Passage and dramatically decreases. This may have a negative effect on the development and utilization of the Hengsha Passage as a navigation channel. These research results present significant scientific guidelines on both unpredictable problems in river regime control and the reclamation project itself.
To study the impact of the Nanhui East Tidal Flat reclamation project on river regime evolution in the Yangtze Estuary, a two-dimensional tidal flow numerical model of the estuary was established based on the MIKE21 model. The model was calibrated with field data and the analysis focused on the North, South, and Hengsha Passages. The numerical results show that after the reclamation project the tidal discharge greatly decreases and the velocity significantly increases in the South Passage due to a reduction in river width. This results in river bed scour and the river regime developing downstream from the middle of the South Passage. Although the Jiangya North Passage will be developed, the sedimentation in the middle of the North Passage will be intensified. The tidal discharge in the Hengsha Passage shows a high correlation with that in the South Passage and dramatically decreases. This may have a negative effect on the development and utilization of the Hengsha Passage as a navigation channel. These research results present significant scientific guidelines on both unpredictable problems in river regime control and the reclamation project itself.
引文
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[3]刘红,应铭,张华,等.工程条件下长江口南槽自适应过程[C]//中国海洋工程学会.第十五届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会论文集(中).北京:海洋出版社,2011:1135-1142.Liu Hong,Ying Ming,Zhang Hua,et al.Adaptive process of the South channel of the Changjiang Estuary under engineering conditions[C]//China Ocean Engineering Society.Proceedings of the fifteenth China Marine(Offshore)Engineering Symposium.Beijing:Ocean Press,2011:1135-1142.
[4]刘高伟,程和琴,李九发,等.近期长江河口南汇南滩水域水沙变化特征[J].海洋科学,2015,39(10):108-115.Liu Gaowei,Cheng Heqin,Li Jiufa.Recent variations in tidal current and suspended sediment concentration in the Nanhui south Shoal of the Changjiang Estuary[J].Marine Sciences,2015,39(10):108-115.
[5]陈维,匡翠萍,顾杰,等.南沙头通道及横沙通道对长江口深水航道的影响分析[J].海洋科学,2013,37(4):75-80.Chen Wei,Kuang Cuiping,Gu Jie,et al.Influences of the Nanshatou Passage and the Hengsha Passage on sediment deposition in deepwater navigation channel of the Changjiang River Estuary[J].Marine Sciences,2013,37(4):75-80.
[6]季岚,龚鸿锋,楼飞.长江口横沙通道通航功能定位的初步研究[J].水运工程,2010,12(448):104-108.Ji Lan,Gong Hongfeng,Lou Fei.Preliminary study on navigation function orientation of Hengsha Passage at Yangtze Estuary[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2010,12(448):104-108.
[7]程海峰,刘杰,赵德招.横沙通道近期河床演变及趋势分析[J].水道港口,2010,31(5):365-369.Cheng Haifeng,Liu Jie,Zhao Dezhao.Analysis of river bed evolution and prediction of its trend for Hengsha Passage[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2010,31(5):365-369.
[8]林发永.南汇东滩促淤圈围工程区域排涝方案研究[J].水利规划与设计,2013,11:14-17.Lin Fayong.Nanhui Dongtan enclosure area and drainage engineering research program[J].Water Resources Planning and Design,2013,11:14-17.
[9]DHI.Mike 21&Mike 3 flow model hydrodynamic and transport module scientific documentation[M].Horsholm:DHI Water&Environment,2009.
[10]陈维.长江口海平面上升与水动力响应关系的研究[D].上海:同济大学,2015.Chen Wei.Study on the relationship between the sea level rise in the Yangtze Estuary and the dynamic response of the water[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2015.
[11]孙波.三峡与南水北调工程对长江口盐水楔影响的数值研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.Sun Bo.Numerical study on the influence of the Three Gorges Project and the south to North Water Transfer Project on the Yangtze River Estuary salt water wedge[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.