农田生物多样性快速评价方法及应用
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摘要
采用合理的评价指标和方法是实现生物多样性快速评价的前提。从农田尺度的生物多样性保护与管理的需求出发,建立农田生物多样性评价体系,以力求客观真实反映农田生物多样性的基本特征和变化规律。评价体系包括:农田生物多样性评价的指标及其权重、数据采集和处理、计算方法、等级划分等内容。在该评价体系研究的基础上,以湖北省荆州市太湖农场为应用实例,对评价结果进行了分析。表明,此评价方法可快速确定农田生态系统的生物多样性状况和提出管理建议,并进一步为农业生态系统服务功能和健康评价提供参考。
Rapid assessment of biodiversity requires the development and application of suitable assessment indicators and methods. For the requirements of biodiversity conservation and management in farm scale, the assessment system of agro-biodiversity was studied, including assessment indicators and selected weights, data source, calculation and classification of agro-biodiversity index. Based on the researches on the assessment system, the agro-biodiversity of Taihu Farm was assessed. The results indicated that the methodology could rapidly confirm the status of agro-biodiversity and provide recommendations for management, and also could be provided for evaluation of agro-ecosystem service and health.
Rapid assessment of biodiversity requires the development and application of suitable assessment indicators and methods. For the requirements of biodiversity conservation and management in farm scale, the assessment system of agro-biodiversity was studied, including assessment indicators and selected weights, data source, calculation and classification of agro-biodiversity index. Based on the researches on the assessment system, the agro-biodiversity of Taihu Farm was assessed. The results indicated that the methodology could rapidly confirm the status of agro-biodiversity and provide recommendations for management, and also could be provided for evaluation of agro-ecosystem service and health.
引文
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[2]POWER A.Ecosystem services and agriculture:tradeoffs and synergies[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,2010,365:2959-2971.
[3]李双成,刘金龙,张才玉,等.生态系统服务研究动态及地理学研究范式[J].地理学报,2011,66(12):1618-1630.
[4]杨光梅,李文华,闵庆文.生态系统服务价值评价研究进展--国外学者观点[J].生态学报,2006,26(1):205-212.
[5]赵海军,纪力强.大尺度生物多样性评价[J].生物多样性,2003,11(1):78-85.
[6]DALE V H,POLASKY S.Measures of the effects of agricultural practices on ecosystem services.Ecological economics[J].2007,64(2):286-296.
[7]李果,吴晓莆,罗遵兰,等.构建我国生物多样性评价的指标体系[J].生物多样性,2011,19(5):497-504.
[8]黄继红,张金龙,杨永,等.特有植物多样性分布格局测度方法的新进展[J].生物多样性,2013,21(1):99-110.
[9]马克平,钱迎倩,王晨.生物多样性研究的原理与方法[M].北京:中国科技出版社,1994.
[10]ORME C D L,DAVIES R G,BRUGESS M.Global hotspots of species richness are not congruent with endemism or threat[J].Nature,2006,436:1016-1019.
[11]QUINN J E,BRANDLE J R,JOHNSON R J.Afarm-scale biodiversity and ecosystem services assessment tool:the healthy farm index[J].2013,11(2):176-192.
[12]万本太,徐海根,丁晖,等.生物多样性综合评价方法研究[J].生物多样性,2007,15(1):97-106.
[13]陈灵芝.对生物多样性研究的几个观点[J].生物多样性,1999,7(4):308-311.
[14]应俊生,张玉龙.中国种子植物特有属[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[15]吴征镒.中国植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1980.
[16]杨霞,谷永丽,臧德奎.城市绿地植物物种多样性评价体系的构建[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(4):166-170.
[17]李少斌,李重谋.长江大学校园鸟类资源调查[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2014,11(23):15-19.
[18]贺昌锐.湖北种子植物区系的中国特有属研究[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),1997,20(4):429-434.
[19]李倦生,周凤霞,张朝阳,等.湖南省生物多样性现状调查与评价[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(12):1382-1388.
[20]李玉娟,吴纪华,陈慧丽,等.线虫作为土壤健康指示生物的方法及应用[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(8):1541-1546.