艾滋病高危青年学生大众意见领袖干预模式效果评价
|
摘要
目的探索以生活技能为基础的大众意见领袖(popular opinion leader, POL)干预应用于艾滋病高危青年学生群体的可行性,为高校开展艾滋病POL干预提供参考。方法 2017年5—10月,对从西安市前期调查的艾滋病青年高危学生中征集的9名潜在POL实施以生活技能为基础的干预实验,在干预前、干预后1个月、干预后3个月采取统一的问卷调查,评价干预效果。结果干预前后,POL的同伴地位和心理社会能力得分差异均无统计学意义(F值分别为0.34,0.45,P值均>0.05)。安全套使用自我效能中坚持使用效能维度在干预前、干预后1个月、干预后3个月的得分分别为(10.56±1.88)(11.11±2.21)(12.89±2.09)分,差异有统计学意义(F=6.84,P<0.05)。干预前后艾滋病相关知识和行为的差异无统计学意义。POL开展3个月共计宣传覆盖216人次,相较于干预前(108人次)宣传行为有所增强,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.31)。POL干预的可行性分析结果显示,8名POL认为非常有用。结论对艾滋病高危青年学生开展以生活技能为基础的POL干预模式覆盖面较广、接受度较好,在坚持使用安全套效能方面有较好效果,其他方面的效果仍需进一步验证与探索。
Objective Explore the feasibility of POL intervention based on life skills in young students at high-risk of AIDS, and to provide reference for POL intervention. Methods Nine potential POLs were recruited from young students at high risk of AIDS in Xi'an, and received life-skill-based interventions from May to October in 2017. A unified approach was adopted before the intervention. The effect of intervention was evaluated at 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. Results The difference in POLs peer status and psychosocial ability scores was not significant after the intervention. The scores of persistence efficacy dimension of condom use efficacy before, 1-month and 3-month after the intervention were(10.56±1.88)(11.11±2.21)(12.89±2.09)(F=6.84, P<0.05) respectively. No significant changes were found in AIDS-related knowledge and behavior before and after the intervention. POL has increased from 108 students before intervention to 216 publicity coverage after three months intervention, however, the difference was not statistically significant. Feasibility analysis of the POL intervention showed that 8 of the POLs considered to be "very useful". Conclusion Life skill-based POL intervention for young students at high-risk of AIDS has a wide coverage and reasonable acceptance, as well as condom use adherence. The long-term effectiveness still needs to be verified.
Objective Explore the feasibility of POL intervention based on life skills in young students at high-risk of AIDS, and to provide reference for POL intervention. Methods Nine potential POLs were recruited from young students at high risk of AIDS in Xi'an, and received life-skill-based interventions from May to October in 2017. A unified approach was adopted before the intervention. The effect of intervention was evaluated at 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. Results The difference in POLs peer status and psychosocial ability scores was not significant after the intervention. The scores of persistence efficacy dimension of condom use efficacy before, 1-month and 3-month after the intervention were(10.56±1.88)(11.11±2.21)(12.89±2.09)(F=6.84, P<0.05) respectively. No significant changes were found in AIDS-related knowledge and behavior before and after the intervention. POL has increased from 108 students before intervention to 216 publicity coverage after three months intervention, however, the difference was not statistically significant. Feasibility analysis of the POL intervention showed that 8 of the POLs considered to be "very useful". Conclusion Life skill-based POL intervention for young students at high-risk of AIDS has a wide coverage and reasonable acceptance, as well as condom use adherence. The long-term effectiveness still needs to be verified.
引文
[1] 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心性病控制中心.2017年12月全国艾滋病性病疫情[J].中国艾滋病性病,2018,24(2):111.
[2] 佚名.中国每万人中6人“染艾”仍有3成感染者未被发现[J].上海医药,2016,37(21):50.
[3] 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心.全力以赴,终结青少年艾滋病[EB/OL].[2018-02-27].http://www.chinaaids.cn/qsnazbfk/allin/#jigou.
[4] RICE R E,WU Z,LI L,et al.Reducing STD/HIV stigmatizing attitudes through community popular opinion leaders in Chinese markets[J].Human Commun Res,2012,38(4):379-405.
[5] DUAN Y,ZHANG H,WANG J,et al.Community-based peer intervention to reduce HIV risk among men who have sex with men in Sichuan province,China[J].Aids Edu Prev Offic Public Int Soc,2013,25(1):38.
[6] 陈旭辉,景礼.意见领袖的识别偏差及影响因素研究:基于量表-社会网方法比较视角[J].现代传播-中国传媒大学学报,2015,37(11):140-145.
[7] 黄亚阳,宋娟,李效鹏,等.校内青少年生活技能量表(修订版)全国常模的制定[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(2):298-301.
[8] HANNA K M.An adolescent and young adult condom self-efficacy scale[J].J Pediatr Nurs,1999,14(1):59-66.
[9] 国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室.中国艾滋病防治督导与评估框架(试行)第1版[R].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[10] 中国疾病预防控制中心.中国疾病预防控制中心关于印发艾滋病宣传教育核心知识与艾滋病知识知晓率问卷的通知[Z].2016.
[11] 李军,张正红,张洪波,等.355名饭店女性流动人群性病艾滋病社会网络干预研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2009,13(4):454-457.
[12] 王毅,张洪波,徐杰,等.MSM艾滋病性病防治知识同伴干预效果评价[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(5):631-633.
[13] 张洪波,吴尊友,徐杰,等.中国既往男男性行为人群艾滋病干预模式[J].中国艾滋病性病,2009,15(1):29-32.
[14] 王毅,张洪波,张光贵,等.绵阳市男男性行为人群艾滋病性病健康教育及行为干预效果研究[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24(12):962-967.
[15] BANDURA A.Self-efficacy:toward a unifying theory of behavioral change[J].Adv Behav Res Ther,1977,1(4):139-161.
[16] SCHWARZER R.Modeling health behavior change:how to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors?[J].Appl Psychol,2008,57(1):1-29.
[17] O’LEARY A,JEMMOTT L S,JEMMOTT J B.Mediation analysis of an effective sexual risk-reduction intervention for women:the importance of self-efficacy[J].Health Psychol,2008,27(2 Suppl):180-184.
[18] RITCHWOOD T D,PENN D,PEASANT C,et al.Condom use self-efficacy among younger rural adolescents:the influence of parent-teen communication,and knowledge of and attitudes toward condoms[J].J Early Adoles,2017,37(2):267.
[19] LI H,LI X,TUCKER J D,et al.Condom use peer norms and self-efficacy as mediators between community engagement and condom use among Chinese men who have sex with men[J].BMC Public Health,2017,17(1):641.
[20] 李晴雨,宋娟,马迎华,等.中学生生活技能水平及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(1):17-20.
[2] 佚名.中国每万人中6人“染艾”仍有3成感染者未被发现[J].上海医药,2016,37(21):50.
[3] 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心.全力以赴,终结青少年艾滋病[EB/OL].[2018-02-27].http://www.chinaaids.cn/qsnazbfk/allin/#jigou.
[4] RICE R E,WU Z,LI L,et al.Reducing STD/HIV stigmatizing attitudes through community popular opinion leaders in Chinese markets[J].Human Commun Res,2012,38(4):379-405.
[5] DUAN Y,ZHANG H,WANG J,et al.Community-based peer intervention to reduce HIV risk among men who have sex with men in Sichuan province,China[J].Aids Edu Prev Offic Public Int Soc,2013,25(1):38.
[6] 陈旭辉,景礼.意见领袖的识别偏差及影响因素研究:基于量表-社会网方法比较视角[J].现代传播-中国传媒大学学报,2015,37(11):140-145.
[7] 黄亚阳,宋娟,李效鹏,等.校内青少年生活技能量表(修订版)全国常模的制定[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(2):298-301.
[8] HANNA K M.An adolescent and young adult condom self-efficacy scale[J].J Pediatr Nurs,1999,14(1):59-66.
[9] 国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室.中国艾滋病防治督导与评估框架(试行)第1版[R].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[10] 中国疾病预防控制中心.中国疾病预防控制中心关于印发艾滋病宣传教育核心知识与艾滋病知识知晓率问卷的通知[Z].2016.
[11] 李军,张正红,张洪波,等.355名饭店女性流动人群性病艾滋病社会网络干预研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2009,13(4):454-457.
[12] 王毅,张洪波,徐杰,等.MSM艾滋病性病防治知识同伴干预效果评价[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(5):631-633.
[13] 张洪波,吴尊友,徐杰,等.中国既往男男性行为人群艾滋病干预模式[J].中国艾滋病性病,2009,15(1):29-32.
[14] 王毅,张洪波,张光贵,等.绵阳市男男性行为人群艾滋病性病健康教育及行为干预效果研究[J].预防医学情报杂志,2008,24(12):962-967.
[15] BANDURA A.Self-efficacy:toward a unifying theory of behavioral change[J].Adv Behav Res Ther,1977,1(4):139-161.
[16] SCHWARZER R.Modeling health behavior change:how to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors?[J].Appl Psychol,2008,57(1):1-29.
[17] O’LEARY A,JEMMOTT L S,JEMMOTT J B.Mediation analysis of an effective sexual risk-reduction intervention for women:the importance of self-efficacy[J].Health Psychol,2008,27(2 Suppl):180-184.
[18] RITCHWOOD T D,PENN D,PEASANT C,et al.Condom use self-efficacy among younger rural adolescents:the influence of parent-teen communication,and knowledge of and attitudes toward condoms[J].J Early Adoles,2017,37(2):267.
[19] LI H,LI X,TUCKER J D,et al.Condom use peer norms and self-efficacy as mediators between community engagement and condom use among Chinese men who have sex with men[J].BMC Public Health,2017,17(1):641.
[20] 李晴雨,宋娟,马迎华,等.中学生生活技能水平及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(1):17-20.