水分对武夷山不同海拔土壤有机碳矿化的影响
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摘要
在室内3种水分梯度(25%、50%、75%WHC,WHC即土壤持水量)下恒温培养35天,比较分析了武夷山3种海拔表层土壤(红壤、黄壤和山地草甸土)的有机碳矿化动态、水分敏感性和潜在矿化能力的差异。结果表明:在土壤有机碳矿化前期(0～14天),各处理土壤的有矿化速率较高且变化明显,后期矿化速率变化趋于平缓。土壤累积碳矿化量随培养时间的延长而增加,增幅表现前期快后期慢。在(0～35天)培养期间,3种土壤有机碳矿化速率、累积矿化量和矿化率整体呈现随着水分增加而上升的趋势。采用线性方程拟合不同海拔土壤有机碳矿化速率与土壤水分之间的关系,发现土壤有机碳矿化水分敏感性(K)随着海拔升高而增强,山地草甸土对水分变化的敏感性高于红壤和黄壤。运用一级动力学方程拟合不同海拔土壤有机碳矿化动态,表现出土壤有机碳潜在矿化量和潜在矿化速率均呈现随着水分增加而增大的趋势,但不同土壤中存在差异。高海拔土壤潜在矿化作用普遍强于低海拔,说明了在未来气候变化情况下,高海拔地区有机碳比低海拔地区不稳定,其矿化过程更易受到土壤水分变化的影响。
Soil organic carbon mineralization dynamics, water sensitivity of soil organic carbon mineralization and potential mineralization ability of three kinds of surface 20 cm soils(red soil, yellow soil and mountain meadow soil) in Mount Wuyi were incubated for 35 days at three soil water contents of 25%, 50% and 75% water-holding capacity(WHC) in laboratory. The results showed that the mineralization rates of soil treated with different treatments were higher and changed obviously in the early stage of soil organic carbon mineralization(0～14 days), and the change of mineralization rates tended to be gentle in the later stage. The cumulative soil carbon mineralization increased with the incubation time, and the increasing rate was slower in late stage. The mineralization rate, cumulative mineralization amount and mineralization rate of organic carbon raised with the increase of water content in all soils during(0～35 days) incubation. The relationship between soil organic carbon mineralization rate and soil moisture at different elevations was fitted with a linear equation. It was found that water sensitivity(K) of soil organic carbon mineralization increased with elevation, and the K value of mountain meadow soil was higher than that of red soil and yellow soil. The first-order kinetic equation was also used to fit the mineralization dynamics of soil organic carbon at different elevations, It is showed that the potential mineralization amount and potential mineralization rate of soil organic carbon increased with the increasing water content.Although there were differences in these soils. Potential mineralization of soils in high elevation areas is generally higher than that in low elevation areas, which indicates that the mineralization process of organic carbon in high elevation areas is more susceptible to changes in soil moisture than that in low elevation areas under future climate change.
Soil organic carbon mineralization dynamics, water sensitivity of soil organic carbon mineralization and potential mineralization ability of three kinds of surface 20 cm soils(red soil, yellow soil and mountain meadow soil) in Mount Wuyi were incubated for 35 days at three soil water contents of 25%, 50% and 75% water-holding capacity(WHC) in laboratory. The results showed that the mineralization rates of soil treated with different treatments were higher and changed obviously in the early stage of soil organic carbon mineralization(0～14 days), and the change of mineralization rates tended to be gentle in the later stage. The cumulative soil carbon mineralization increased with the incubation time, and the increasing rate was slower in late stage. The mineralization rate, cumulative mineralization amount and mineralization rate of organic carbon raised with the increase of water content in all soils during(0～35 days) incubation. The relationship between soil organic carbon mineralization rate and soil moisture at different elevations was fitted with a linear equation. It was found that water sensitivity(K) of soil organic carbon mineralization increased with elevation, and the K value of mountain meadow soil was higher than that of red soil and yellow soil. The first-order kinetic equation was also used to fit the mineralization dynamics of soil organic carbon at different elevations, It is showed that the potential mineralization amount and potential mineralization rate of soil organic carbon increased with the increasing water content.Although there were differences in these soils. Potential mineralization of soils in high elevation areas is generally higher than that in low elevation areas, which indicates that the mineralization process of organic carbon in high elevation areas is more susceptible to changes in soil moisture than that in low elevation areas under future climate change.
引文
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[3]李英,韩红艳,王文娟,等.黄淮海平原不同土地利用方式对土壤有机碳及微生物呼吸的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(1): 62-66.
[4]王峰,王义祥,江福英,等.氮肥施用对柑橘果园土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):273-278.
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[7]丛山. 温度和水分对有机质及活性炭组分的影响[J].中国农业信息,2016, (12):116-119.
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[12]CORNEJO F H, VARELA A, WRIGHT S J. Tropical forest litter decomposition under seasonal drought: Nutrient release, fungi and bacteria [J]. Oikos, 1994, 70(2): 183-190.
[13]SAIZ G, BLACK K, REIDY B, et al. Assessment of soil CO2 efflux and its components using a process-based model in a young temperate forest site [J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 79-89.
[14]BORKEN W, MATZNER E. Reappraisal of drying and wetting effects on C and N mineralization and fluxes in soils [J]. Global Change Biology, 2010, 15(4): 808-824.
[15]ABERA G, WOLDE-MESKEL E, BAKKEN L R. Carbon and nitrogen mineralization dynamics in different soils of the tropics amended with legume residues and contrasting soil moisture contents [J]. Biology & Fertility of Soils, 2012, 48(1): 51-66.
[16]方熊, 刘菊秀, 张德强, 等.降水变化、氮添加对鼎湖山主要森林土壤有机碳矿化和土壤微生物碳的影响 [J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2012, 18(4): 531-538.
[17]WANG Q, ZENG Z, ZHONG M. Soil moisture alters the response of soil organic carbon mineralization to litter addition [J]. Ecosystems, 2016, 19(3): 1-11.
[18]蔡祖聪, ARIVNR M. 土壤水分状况对CH4氧化,N2O和CO2排放的影响 [J].土壤,1999,31(6): 289-294.
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[20]王红,范志平,邓东周,等.不同环境因子对樟子松人工林土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2008, 27(9): 1469-1475.
[21]李顺姬, 邱莉萍, 张兴昌. 黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报, 2009, 30(5): 1217-1226.
[22]KIRSCHBAUM M U F. The temperature dependence of organic-matter decomposition: Still a topic of debate [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2006, 38(9): 2510-2518.
[23]CONANT R T, STEINWEG J M, HADDIX M L, et al. Experimental warming shows that decomposition temperature sensitivity increases with soil organic matter recalcitrance [J]. Ecology, 2008, 89(9): 2384-2391.
[24]MIN K, KANG H, LEE D. Effects of ammonium and nitrate additions on carbon mineralization in wetland soils [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2011, 43(12): 2461-2469.
[25]JHA P, GARG N, LAKARIA B L, et al. Soil and residue carbon mineralization as affected by soil aggregate size [J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2012, 121(3): 57-62.
[26] 周焱,徐宪根,阮宏华,等.武夷山不同海拔高度土壤有机碳矿化速率的比较[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(11): 1901-1907.
[27] REDMANN R E. Soil respiration in a mixed grassland ecosystem [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1978, 58(2): 119-124.
[28]肖春旺,杨帆,柳隽瑶,等.陆地生态系统地下碳输入与输出过程研究进展[J].植物学报, 2017, 52(5): 652-668.
[29]徐侠,陈月琴,汪家社,等.武夷山不同海拔高度土壤活性有机碳变化[J].应用生态学报,2008, 19(3): 539-544.
[30]肖慈英, 黄青春. 松、栎纯林及混交林凋落物分解特性研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(5): 763-767.
[31]YANG Y S, LIN P, GUO J F, et al. Litter production, nutrient return and leaf-litter decomposition in natural and monoculture plantation forests of Castanopsis kawakamii in subtropical China [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(7): 1278-1289.
[32]陈龙池, 汪思龙. 杉木根系分泌物化感作用研究[J]. 生态学报, 2003, 23(2): 393-398.
[33]张金波, 宋长春, 杨文燕. 不同土地利用下土壤呼吸温度敏感性差异及影响因素分析 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2005, 25(11): 1537-1542.
[34]马丽娜. 高寒草地利用和管理对土壤碳、氮矿化的影响[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2014.
[35]GOEBEL M, WOCHE S K, BACHMANN J, et al. Significance of wettability-induced changes in microscopic water distribution for soil organic matter decomposition [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2007, 71(5): 1593-1593.
[36]黄石德, 阮宏华, 李媛媛, 等.干湿交替对武夷山不同海拔土壤碳矿化的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(2): 312-321.
[37]THUILLE A, BUCHMANN N, SCHULZE E D. Carbon stocks and soil respiration rates during deforestation, grassland use and subsequent Norway spruce afforestation in the Southern Alps, Italy [J]. Tree Physiology, 2000, 20(13): 849-857.
[38]李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报, 2010, 30(5): 1217-1226.
[39]黄永梅, 杨智杰, 郭剑芬, 等.隔离降雨对杉木林土壤可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报, 2014, 9(1): 38-45.
[2]HEIMANN M, REICHSTEIN M. Terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics and climate feedbacks [J]. Nature, 2008,451(7176):289-292.
[3]李英,韩红艳,王文娟,等.黄淮海平原不同土地利用方式对土壤有机碳及微生物呼吸的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(1): 62-66.
[4]王峰,王义祥,江福英,等.氮肥施用对柑橘果园土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):273-278.
[5]LUO X X, XING Z Q. Comparative study on characteristics and influencing factors of soil respiration of reed wetlands in Yellow River Estuary and Liaohe River Estuary [J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2010, 2(2): 888-895.
[6]TRIVEDI P, ANDERSON I C, SINGH B K. Microbial modulators of soil carbon storage: Integrating genomic and metabolic knowledge for global prediction [J]. Trends in Microbiology, 2013, 21(12): 641-651.
[7]丛山. 温度和水分对有机质及活性炭组分的影响[J].中国农业信息,2016, (12):116-119.
[8]郭剑芬, 陈玲, 林雪婷, 等. 温度对武夷山不同海拔土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 亚热带资源与环境学报, 2012, 7(3): 1-7.
[9]ZAK D R, HOLMES W E, MACDONALD N W, et al. Soil temperature, matric potential, and the kinetics of microbial respiration and nitrogen mineralization [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1999, 63(3): 575-584.
[10]LEIR S M C, TRASAR-CEPEDA C, SEOANE S, et al. Dependence of mineralization of soil organic matter on temperature and moisture [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1999,31(3):327-335.
[11]REY A, PETSIKOS C, JARVIS P G, et al. Effect of temperature and moisture on rates of carbon mineralization in a Mediterranean oak forest soil under controlled and field conditions [J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2005, 56(5): 589-599.
[12]CORNEJO F H, VARELA A, WRIGHT S J. Tropical forest litter decomposition under seasonal drought: Nutrient release, fungi and bacteria [J]. Oikos, 1994, 70(2): 183-190.
[13]SAIZ G, BLACK K, REIDY B, et al. Assessment of soil CO2 efflux and its components using a process-based model in a young temperate forest site [J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 79-89.
[14]BORKEN W, MATZNER E. Reappraisal of drying and wetting effects on C and N mineralization and fluxes in soils [J]. Global Change Biology, 2010, 15(4): 808-824.
[15]ABERA G, WOLDE-MESKEL E, BAKKEN L R. Carbon and nitrogen mineralization dynamics in different soils of the tropics amended with legume residues and contrasting soil moisture contents [J]. Biology & Fertility of Soils, 2012, 48(1): 51-66.
[16]方熊, 刘菊秀, 张德强, 等.降水变化、氮添加对鼎湖山主要森林土壤有机碳矿化和土壤微生物碳的影响 [J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2012, 18(4): 531-538.
[17]WANG Q, ZENG Z, ZHONG M. Soil moisture alters the response of soil organic carbon mineralization to litter addition [J]. Ecosystems, 2016, 19(3): 1-11.
[18]蔡祖聪, ARIVNR M. 土壤水分状况对CH4氧化,N2O和CO2排放的影响 [J].土壤,1999,31(6): 289-294.
[19]文启孝.土壤有机质研究法 [M]. 北京:农业出版社, 1984:273-281.
[20]王红,范志平,邓东周,等.不同环境因子对樟子松人工林土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2008, 27(9): 1469-1475.
[21]李顺姬, 邱莉萍, 张兴昌. 黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报, 2009, 30(5): 1217-1226.
[22]KIRSCHBAUM M U F. The temperature dependence of organic-matter decomposition: Still a topic of debate [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2006, 38(9): 2510-2518.
[23]CONANT R T, STEINWEG J M, HADDIX M L, et al. Experimental warming shows that decomposition temperature sensitivity increases with soil organic matter recalcitrance [J]. Ecology, 2008, 89(9): 2384-2391.
[24]MIN K, KANG H, LEE D. Effects of ammonium and nitrate additions on carbon mineralization in wetland soils [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2011, 43(12): 2461-2469.
[25]JHA P, GARG N, LAKARIA B L, et al. Soil and residue carbon mineralization as affected by soil aggregate size [J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2012, 121(3): 57-62.
[26] 周焱,徐宪根,阮宏华,等.武夷山不同海拔高度土壤有机碳矿化速率的比较[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(11): 1901-1907.
[27] REDMANN R E. Soil respiration in a mixed grassland ecosystem [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1978, 58(2): 119-124.
[28]肖春旺,杨帆,柳隽瑶,等.陆地生态系统地下碳输入与输出过程研究进展[J].植物学报, 2017, 52(5): 652-668.
[29]徐侠,陈月琴,汪家社,等.武夷山不同海拔高度土壤活性有机碳变化[J].应用生态学报,2008, 19(3): 539-544.
[30]肖慈英, 黄青春. 松、栎纯林及混交林凋落物分解特性研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(5): 763-767.
[31]YANG Y S, LIN P, GUO J F, et al. Litter production, nutrient return and leaf-litter decomposition in natural and monoculture plantation forests of Castanopsis kawakamii in subtropical China [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(7): 1278-1289.
[32]陈龙池, 汪思龙. 杉木根系分泌物化感作用研究[J]. 生态学报, 2003, 23(2): 393-398.
[33]张金波, 宋长春, 杨文燕. 不同土地利用下土壤呼吸温度敏感性差异及影响因素分析 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2005, 25(11): 1537-1542.
[34]马丽娜. 高寒草地利用和管理对土壤碳、氮矿化的影响[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2014.
[35]GOEBEL M, WOCHE S K, BACHMANN J, et al. Significance of wettability-induced changes in microscopic water distribution for soil organic matter decomposition [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2007, 71(5): 1593-1593.
[36]黄石德, 阮宏华, 李媛媛, 等.干湿交替对武夷山不同海拔土壤碳矿化的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(2): 312-321.
[37]THUILLE A, BUCHMANN N, SCHULZE E D. Carbon stocks and soil respiration rates during deforestation, grassland use and subsequent Norway spruce afforestation in the Southern Alps, Italy [J]. Tree Physiology, 2000, 20(13): 849-857.
[38]李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报, 2010, 30(5): 1217-1226.
[39]黄永梅, 杨智杰, 郭剑芬, 等.隔离降雨对杉木林土壤可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报, 2014, 9(1): 38-45.