时间关联性信息搜索行为的特点及搜索能力对其影响的研究
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摘要
[目的/意义]时间属性是信息的基本特性。文章通过对过去、现在和未来三种时间关联性信息搜索行为的研究更为深入地发掘用户信息搜索行为的规律,据此为提升用户搜索效率以及优化信息检索系统提供指导。[方法/过程]通过分析用户在搜索实验中使用的检索词、搜索工具、搜索动作探究基于不同时态信息的搜索行为的特点,以及搜索能力对时间关联性信息搜索行为的影响。[结果/结论]信息的时间属性对用户信息搜索行为产生了重要影响,对未来时间信息搜索的影响最大。未来时间信息搜索的难度最大,当前时间信息搜索最为轻松。对任何类型的时间关联性信息搜索而言,较高的搜索能力都是高效信息搜索的重要前提。
[Purpose/significance] Time attribute is the fundamental characteristic of information. This paper fully discoveries the patterns of users' information search behavior by studying the temporal relationship information search behaviors of the past,present and future,so as to provide guidance on enhancing search efficiency and optimizing information retrieval systems. [Method/process] By analyzing the search terms,search tools and search actions of users used in the search experiment,the paper explores the characteristics of the users' information search behaviors based on different temporal attributes and the influence of search ability on the temporal relationship information search behavior. [Result/conclusion] The time attribute of information has an important influence on users' information search behaviors,especially on the future temporal information search. Future information search is the most difficult,and current information search is the easiest. For any type of temporal relationship information search,the skillful search ability is a prerequisite of efficient information search.
[Purpose/significance] Time attribute is the fundamental characteristic of information. This paper fully discoveries the patterns of users' information search behavior by studying the temporal relationship information search behaviors of the past,present and future,so as to provide guidance on enhancing search efficiency and optimizing information retrieval systems. [Method/process] By analyzing the search terms,search tools and search actions of users used in the search experiment,the paper explores the characteristics of the users' information search behaviors based on different temporal attributes and the influence of search ability on the temporal relationship information search behavior. [Result/conclusion] The time attribute of information has an important influence on users' information search behaviors,especially on the future temporal information search. Future information search is the most difficult,and current information search is the easiest. For any type of temporal relationship information search,the skillful search ability is a prerequisite of efficient information search.
引文
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[19]马费成,丁韧,李卓卓.案例研究:武汉地区高校学生信息素养现状分析[J].图书情报知识,2009(1):24-29.
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[21]PUSTEJOVSKY J,CASTANO J M,INGRIA R,et al.Time ML:robust specification of event and temporal expressions in text[J].New Directions in Question Answering,2003,3:28-34.
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[2]METZLER D,JONES R,PENG F,et al.Improving search relevance for implicitly temporal queries[C]//Proceedings of the 32nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval.ACM,New York,NY,USA,2009:700-701.
[3]NUNES S,RIBEIRO C,DAVID G.Use of temporal expressions in web search[C]//European Conference on Information Retrieval.Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg,2008:580-584.
[4]CAMPOS R,JORGE A M,DIAS G,et al.Disambiguating implicit temporal queries by clustering top relevant dates in web snippets[C]//Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology(WI-IAT),2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on.IEEE,2013:1-8.
[5]WANG Z,XU C.The research of web information retrieval based on temporal information[C]//National Conference on Information Technology and Computer Science(CITCS 2012),2012.
[6]JOHO H,JATOWT A,ROI B.A survey of temporal web search experience[C]//Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on World Wide Web.ACM,2013:1101-1108.
[7]ALONSO O,BAEZA-YATES R,GERTZ M.Exploratory search using timelines[C]//Sigchi 2007 Workshop on Exploratory Search and HCI Workshop,2007:1-4.
[8]BASSARA A.Language model based temporal information indexing[C]//Business Information Systems.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2008:24-35.
[9]KAGE T,SUMIYA K.A web search method based on the temporal relation of query keywords[J].Web Information Systems-WISE 2006,2006,4255:4-15.
[10]XIE I,JOO S.Factors affecting the selection of search tactics:tasks,knowledge,process,and systems[J].Information Processing and Management,2012,48(2):254-270.
[11]丁韧.网络信息搜索行为研究:以我国高校学生为例[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2013.
[12]MAI J E.Looking for information:a survey of research on information seeking,needs,and behavior[M].[S.l.]:Emerald Group Publishing,2016.
[13]CARMEL D,ZWERDLING N,GUY I,et al.Personalized social search based on the user’s social network[C]//Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge management.ACM,2009:1227-1236.
[14]HUURDEMAN H C,WILSON M L,KAMPS J.Active and passive utility of search interface features in different information seeking task stages[C]//Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval.ACM,2016:3-12.
[15]袁红,李秋.搜索任务和搜索能力对用户探索式搜索行为的影响研究[J].图书情报工作,2015,59(15):94-105.
[16]EVANS B M,KAIRAM S,PIROLLI P.Do your friends make you smarter?An analysis of social strategies in online information seeking[J].Information Processing and Management,2010,46(6):679-692.
[17]YUE Z,HAN S,JIANG J,et al.Search tactics as means of examining search processes in collaborative exploratory web search[C]//Proceedings of the 5th Ph.D.workshop on Information and Knowledge ACM,2012:59-66.
[18]赖茂生,屈鹏.大学生信息检索能力调查分析[J].大学图书馆学报,2010,28(1):104.
[19]马费成,丁韧,李卓卓.案例研究:武汉地区高校学生信息素养现状分析[J].图书情报知识,2009(1):24-29.
[20]CNNIIC.2015年中国网民搜索行为调查报告[EB/OL].(2016-07-26)[2017-04-14].http://www.cnnic.cn/hlwfzyj/hlwxzbg/ssbg/201607/P020160726510595928401.pdf.
[21]PUSTEJOVSKY J,CASTANO J M,INGRIA R,et al.Time ML:robust specification of event and temporal expressions in text[J].New Directions in Question Answering,2003,3:28-34.
[22]SCHILDER F,HABEL C.From temporal expressions to temporal information:semantic tagging of news messages[C]//Proceedings of the Workshop on Temporal and Spatial Information Processing-Volume 13.Association for Computational Linguistics,2001:9.