北阿尔金地区早古生代洋壳俯冲时限:来自斜长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的证据
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摘要
蛇绿岩在不同演化阶段自身形成的花岗质岩石和侵入到蛇绿岩中的花岗质岩石对于蛇绿岩的精确定年具有重要意义,是揭示洋壳俯冲时限的有力证据。对北阿尔金红柳沟—拉配泉蛇绿岩中斜长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb及Lu-Hf同位素分析表明,红柳沟斜长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果分别为(501±3)Ma和(496±2)Ma,表明北阿尔金洋的俯冲时限可能开始于中寒武世或更早。斜长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的锆石εHf(t)值均为正值,结果分别为1.6~5.6和3.3~6.9,反映其源区均为亏损型地幔。全岩地球化学分析结果表明,斜长花岗岩具有高Si O2、高Sr、低Y和相应的高Sr/Y等类似于埃达克质岩石的特征,可能来自热的洋壳俯冲到石榴角闪岩相条件下变基性岩发生小比例部分熔融形成,且其形成深度应该在40~50 km;花岗闪长岩属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石,可能代表了岛弧环境下下地壳基性岩石部分熔融的产物。年代学分析表明,北阿尔金洋可能存在南北双向俯冲,并且北阿尔金洋向北俯冲可能略早于向南俯冲。北阿尔金和北祁连的俯冲时限对比研究表明,北阿尔金早古生代缝合带是北祁连早古生代缝合带的西延部分。
The granitic rocks that were formed from ophiolite or intruded into the ophiolites are important for the precise dating of ophiolites, and some of them can be the powerful evidence for constraining the timing of subduction. Based on detailed studies of field geological background and petrographical features, the authors conducted analysis of whole-rock major, trace and rare earth elements and zircon U-Pb ages as well as Lu-Hf isotopes for the plagiogranite and granodiorite. The weighted mean ages of plagiogranite and granodiorite from Hongliugou-Lapeiquan ophiolite in North Altun Mountains determined by LA-ICP-MS UPb method are 501±3 Ma and 496±2 Ma, respectively, suggesting that the subduction timing of the northern Altun Ocean might have started in the mid-Cambrian or earlier. The zircons from plagiogranite and granodiorite exhibit positive εHf(t) values of 1.6-5.6 and2.7-6.9, separately, implying that the plagiogranites and granodiorites were all derived from the depleted mantle. Geochemical analysis indicates that the plagiogranites are characterized by high Si O2, high Sr, low Y and corresponding high Sr/Y, which are similar to features of adakitic rocks, suggesting that they resulted from the small proportion of partial melting of metabasites during the hot oceanic subduction to the depth of 40-50 km, belonging to the amphibolite facies. The granodiorite belongs to the series of high-Na calc-alkaline rocks, and may represent the product of mafic rocks remelting from the lower crustal in an island arc setting.The geochronological analysis indicates that the north Altun Ocean might have experienced both northward and southward subductions, and the northward subduction of the northern Altun Ocean may be slightly earlier than the southward subduction. The comparative study of the subduction time between the northern Altun and northern Qilian shows that the northern Altun Early Paleozoic suture zone is the extension of the North Qilian Early Paleozoic suture zone.
The granitic rocks that were formed from ophiolite or intruded into the ophiolites are important for the precise dating of ophiolites, and some of them can be the powerful evidence for constraining the timing of subduction. Based on detailed studies of field geological background and petrographical features, the authors conducted analysis of whole-rock major, trace and rare earth elements and zircon U-Pb ages as well as Lu-Hf isotopes for the plagiogranite and granodiorite. The weighted mean ages of plagiogranite and granodiorite from Hongliugou-Lapeiquan ophiolite in North Altun Mountains determined by LA-ICP-MS UPb method are 501±3 Ma and 496±2 Ma, respectively, suggesting that the subduction timing of the northern Altun Ocean might have started in the mid-Cambrian or earlier. The zircons from plagiogranite and granodiorite exhibit positive εHf(t) values of 1.6-5.6 and2.7-6.9, separately, implying that the plagiogranites and granodiorites were all derived from the depleted mantle. Geochemical analysis indicates that the plagiogranites are characterized by high Si O2, high Sr, low Y and corresponding high Sr/Y, which are similar to features of adakitic rocks, suggesting that they resulted from the small proportion of partial melting of metabasites during the hot oceanic subduction to the depth of 40-50 km, belonging to the amphibolite facies. The granodiorite belongs to the series of high-Na calc-alkaline rocks, and may represent the product of mafic rocks remelting from the lower crustal in an island arc setting.The geochronological analysis indicates that the north Altun Ocean might have experienced both northward and southward subductions, and the northward subduction of the northern Altun Ocean may be slightly earlier than the southward subduction. The comparative study of the subduction time between the northern Altun and northern Qilian shows that the northern Altun Early Paleozoic suture zone is the extension of the North Qilian Early Paleozoic suture zone.
引文
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