石油工人职业紧张对血压、血脂和血糖的影响
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摘要
目的探讨职业紧张因素对石油工人血压、血脂及血糖水平的影响。方法随机抽取新疆克拉玛依市某石油管理局2015年11月职业健康体检的960名石油工人,采用OSI-R量表评估其职业紧张水平,并与国内常模进行比较,同时测定血压、血脂及血糖等生理指标。分析职业紧张与血压、血糖、血脂的相关关系,比较不同职业紧张程度组间血压、血脂及血糖值的分布情况。结果石油工人在职业任务(ORQ)和个体紧张反应问卷(PSQ)上得分高于国内常模,个体应对资源问卷(PRQ)得分低于国内常模,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。ORQ得分与SBP、DBP、TG、TC、LDL和血糖水平呈正相关(P <0.05),与HDL水平呈负相关(P <0.05);PRQ得分与HDL水平呈正相关(P <0.05),与血糖和TG水平呈负相关(P <0.05);PSQ得分与TG和血糖水平呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。不同职业紧张程度组间SBP、DBP、TG、TC、HDL、LDL和血糖水平的分布不同(P <0.05),高度紧张组中高血压、高血脂和高血糖的检出人数最多,其次是中度紧张组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论石油工人处于职业紧张状态,能引起血压、血脂和血糖值升高,尤其在高度紧张状态下,这种趋势更为明显。建议用人单位采取相应措施,降低职业紧张带来的负面影响,使血压、血脂和血糖值维持正常水平,保障石油工人身心健康。
Objective To explore the effects of occupational stress on blood pressure,blood lipid and blood glucose levels in oil workers.Methods A total of 960 oil workers undergoing health examination in November 2015 were randomly selected from an petroleum administration bureau in Karamay,Xinjiang.OSIR scale was used to evaluate the occupational stress level,to compared with the domestic norms,and to measure the physiological indexes such as blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose.The relationship between occupational stress and blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids were analyzed,and the distribution of blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels between different occupational stress groups were compared.Results The scores of ORQ and PSQ were higher than the domestic norms,while PRQ was lower than the domestic norms,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).ORQ scores were positively correlated with SBP,DBP,TG,TC,LDL and blood glucose levels(P <0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL levels(P <0.05).PRQ score was positively correlated with HDL level(P <0.05),and negatively correlated with blood glucose and TG level(P <0.05).PSQ scores were negatively correlated with TG and blood glucose levels with statistical significances(P <0.05).The distribution of SBP,DBP,TG,TC,HDL,LDL and blood glucose levels was different between the groups with different occupational stress levels(P <0.05).Hypertension,hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia were the highest checked-out ones in the high-stress group,followed by the moderate-stress group,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Oil workers are exposed to occupational stress,which can lead to higher blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels,especially under high stress.It is recommended that employers take appropriate measures to reduce the negative effects of occupational stress and maintain the normal levels of blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels,so as to ensure the physical and mental health of oil workers.
Objective To explore the effects of occupational stress on blood pressure,blood lipid and blood glucose levels in oil workers.Methods A total of 960 oil workers undergoing health examination in November 2015 were randomly selected from an petroleum administration bureau in Karamay,Xinjiang.OSIR scale was used to evaluate the occupational stress level,to compared with the domestic norms,and to measure the physiological indexes such as blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose.The relationship between occupational stress and blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids were analyzed,and the distribution of blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels between different occupational stress groups were compared.Results The scores of ORQ and PSQ were higher than the domestic norms,while PRQ was lower than the domestic norms,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).ORQ scores were positively correlated with SBP,DBP,TG,TC,LDL and blood glucose levels(P <0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL levels(P <0.05).PRQ score was positively correlated with HDL level(P <0.05),and negatively correlated with blood glucose and TG level(P <0.05).PSQ scores were negatively correlated with TG and blood glucose levels with statistical significances(P <0.05).The distribution of SBP,DBP,TG,TC,HDL,LDL and blood glucose levels was different between the groups with different occupational stress levels(P <0.05).Hypertension,hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia were the highest checked-out ones in the high-stress group,followed by the moderate-stress group,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Oil workers are exposed to occupational stress,which can lead to higher blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels,especially under high stress.It is recommended that employers take appropriate measures to reduce the negative effects of occupational stress and maintain the normal levels of blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose levels,so as to ensure the physical and mental health of oil workers.
引文
[1]韩知蓉,葛华,丁昊,等.油田特种车辆驾驶员职业紧张因素的探讨[J].新疆医科大学学报,2017,40(4):518-522.
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[8]赵冬云,丁思悦,郭丽华,等.医院倒班制临床从业群体职业应激现况及对心血管危险因素的影响分析[J].中国医刊,2017,52(3):36-39.
[9]连玉龙,刘继文,谭卫国,等.职业紧张对油田野外作业女工血脂、血糖和免疫功能的影响[J].卫生研究,2005,34(4):469-471.
[10]陈惠清,张坤水,李荣宗,等.燃煤电厂作业人员职业应激与糖脂代谢关系[J].中国职业医学,2015,42(4):425-428.
[11] DUCHHER M,CERUTTI C,CHATELLIER G,et al.Is high job strain associated with hypertension genessis[J].Am J Hypertens,2006,19(7):694-700.
[12] SHOKEEN D,AERI B T.Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors:a cross-sectional study among employed adults in Urban Delhi,India[J].J Clin Diag Res Jcdr,2017,11(8):LC01.
[13]孙李丽.煤矿工人职业紧张与健康状况关系的流行病学调查[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2017.
[14] LIAN Y,SUN Q,GUAN S,et al.Effect of changing work stressors and coping resources on the risk of type 2diabetes:The OHSPIW Cohort Study[J].Diabetes Care,2018,41(3):453-460.
[2]陶宁.新疆沙漠油田作业人员职业紧张水平与高血压的相关研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2016.
[3]李健,兰亚佳,王治明,等.职业紧张量表(OSI-R)信度与效度验证[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2001,19(3):34-37.
[4]陈伟伟,马丽媛.心血管疾病防治的关键是危险因素的“三高共管”[J].慢性病学杂志,2017,18(8):833-836.
[5]徐欢,宁丽,连玉龙.等.油田作业工人职业紧张、ET-1基因和GDF-15基因与高血压的关系研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2016,39(3):357-361.
[6]任南,刘宝英,张文昌,等.职业紧张因素与高血压发病关系的配对病例对照研究[J].中华高血压杂志,2001,9(4):345-347.
[7]李雪.干旱沙漠油田野外作业工人职业紧张状况及其干预研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2014.
[8]赵冬云,丁思悦,郭丽华,等.医院倒班制临床从业群体职业应激现况及对心血管危险因素的影响分析[J].中国医刊,2017,52(3):36-39.
[9]连玉龙,刘继文,谭卫国,等.职业紧张对油田野外作业女工血脂、血糖和免疫功能的影响[J].卫生研究,2005,34(4):469-471.
[10]陈惠清,张坤水,李荣宗,等.燃煤电厂作业人员职业应激与糖脂代谢关系[J].中国职业医学,2015,42(4):425-428.
[11] DUCHHER M,CERUTTI C,CHATELLIER G,et al.Is high job strain associated with hypertension genessis[J].Am J Hypertens,2006,19(7):694-700.
[12] SHOKEEN D,AERI B T.Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors:a cross-sectional study among employed adults in Urban Delhi,India[J].J Clin Diag Res Jcdr,2017,11(8):LC01.
[13]孙李丽.煤矿工人职业紧张与健康状况关系的流行病学调查[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2017.
[14] LIAN Y,SUN Q,GUAN S,et al.Effect of changing work stressors and coping resources on the risk of type 2diabetes:The OHSPIW Cohort Study[J].Diabetes Care,2018,41(3):453-460.