绵羊GnIH和VIP基因在不同繁殖状态下的表达变化
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摘要
旨在进一步阐明GnIH和VIP基因在绵羊季节性发情和繁殖调控中的作用。本研究选取短光照(模拟繁殖季节)和长光照(模拟休情期)下成年苏尼特母羊各3只及卵泡期和黄体期的小尾寒羊母羊各3只,同时选取短光照第21天和长光照第3、15、21、42、49天共6个不同光照时间点的成年苏尼特母羊各3只,屠宰后采集其性腺轴组织(下丘脑、垂体、松果体、卵巢、输卵管、子宫体),利用qPCR技术分析GnIH和VIP基因mRNA表达规律。结果表明,GnIH和VIP基因在2个绵羊品种上述各组织中均表达,且在下丘脑中的表达量较高;苏尼特羊下丘脑中2个基因在长光照条件下的表达量均极显著高于短光照条件(P<0.01);在小尾寒羊下丘脑组织中,黄体期VIP基因的表达量显著高于卵泡期(P<0.05),黄体期GnIH基因的表达量稍高于卵泡期,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。由短光照转至长光照时,苏尼特羊下丘脑中GnIH和VIP基因表达上升,至长光照第3天时,2个基因表达均达到峰值,之后呈下降趋势。本研究揭示了GnIH和VIP基因在季节性发情和常年发情成年绵羊性腺轴各组织中的定量表达特征,不同光照条件和不同繁殖时期绵羊下丘脑中这2个基因的表达变化进一步提示了GnIH和VIP基因参与绵羊季节性发情调控和发情时期转换;在短光照转至长光照过程中,GnIH和VIP基因主要在长光照前3 d发挥关键作用。
The aim of this study was to further elucidate the roles of GnIH and VIP genes in sheep seasonal estrus and reproductive regulation. Adult Sunite sheep(SNT) under short photoperiod and long photoperiod and Small Tail Han sheep(STH) at follicular stage and luteal stage were selected, meanwhile SNT at 21 th day of short photoperiod and 3 rd, 15 th, 21 th, 42 th, 49 th days of long photoperiod were selected, respectively. Gonadal axis tissue samples including hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal body, ovary, oviduct, uterine body were collected in 3 sheep for each reproductive stage. The qPCR method was used to analyze the expression characteristics of GnIH and VIP genes. The results showed that GnIH and VIP genes were expressed in the above 6 tissues, and had a high expression level in hypothalamus tissue of two breeds(SNT and STH). Expression level of two genes under long photoperiod(LP) was extremely significantly higher than that under short photoperiod(SP) in hypothalamus of SNT(P<0.01). Expression level of VIP gene was significantly higher at luteal stage than that at follicular stage(P<0.05), and expression level of GnIH gene was slightly higher at luteal stage than that at follicular stage but the difference was not significant(P>0.05) in hypothalamus of STH. When SP turned into LP, expression levels of two genes in hypothalamus of SNT rose and showed a transient peak at LP 3 rd day, then the expression decreased. Quantitative expression characteristics of GnIH and VIP genes in gonadal axis tissues of adult sheep were revealed in this study. Additionally, expression pattern of the 2 genes in hypothalamus under different photoperiods and different reproduction stages further implied that GnIH and VIP genes was involved in the regulation of sheep seasonal estrus and transition of estrous stages. When SP turns into LP, the 2 genes play pivotal role in the first 3 days under LP.
The aim of this study was to further elucidate the roles of GnIH and VIP genes in sheep seasonal estrus and reproductive regulation. Adult Sunite sheep(SNT) under short photoperiod and long photoperiod and Small Tail Han sheep(STH) at follicular stage and luteal stage were selected, meanwhile SNT at 21 th day of short photoperiod and 3 rd, 15 th, 21 th, 42 th, 49 th days of long photoperiod were selected, respectively. Gonadal axis tissue samples including hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal body, ovary, oviduct, uterine body were collected in 3 sheep for each reproductive stage. The qPCR method was used to analyze the expression characteristics of GnIH and VIP genes. The results showed that GnIH and VIP genes were expressed in the above 6 tissues, and had a high expression level in hypothalamus tissue of two breeds(SNT and STH). Expression level of two genes under long photoperiod(LP) was extremely significantly higher than that under short photoperiod(SP) in hypothalamus of SNT(P<0.01). Expression level of VIP gene was significantly higher at luteal stage than that at follicular stage(P<0.05), and expression level of GnIH gene was slightly higher at luteal stage than that at follicular stage but the difference was not significant(P>0.05) in hypothalamus of STH. When SP turned into LP, expression levels of two genes in hypothalamus of SNT rose and showed a transient peak at LP 3 rd day, then the expression decreased. Quantitative expression characteristics of GnIH and VIP genes in gonadal axis tissues of adult sheep were revealed in this study. Additionally, expression pattern of the 2 genes in hypothalamus under different photoperiods and different reproduction stages further implied that GnIH and VIP genes was involved in the regulation of sheep seasonal estrus and transition of estrous stages. When SP turns into LP, the 2 genes play pivotal role in the first 3 days under LP.
引文
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[3] 黄冬维,储明星,狄冉,等.山羊繁殖季节性相关基因KiSS-1与RFRP的表达研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2015,46(6):924-931.HUANG D W,CHU M X,DI R,et al.Study on expression of KiSS-1 and RFRP genes related to reproductive seasonality in goats[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2015,46(6):924-931.(in Chinese)
[4] DALLMANN R,BROWN S A,GACHON F.Chronopharmacology:new insights and therapeutic implications[J].Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol,2014,54(1):339-361.
[5] DARDENTE H,LOMET D,ROBERT V,et al.Seasonal breeding in mammals:from basic science to applications and back[J].Theriogenology,2016,86(1):324-332.
[6] WOOD S H,CHRISTIAN H C,MIEDZINSKA K,et al.Binary switching of calendar cells in the pituitary defines the phase of the circannual cycle in mammals[J].Curr Biol,2015,25(20):2651-2662.
[7] 夏青,张效生,刘秋月,等.EYA3和TSHβ在季节性发情和常年发情绵羊中的表达模式[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(2):263-269.XIA Q,ZHANG X S,LIU Q Y,et al.Expression patterns of EYA 3 and TSH β in seasonal estrous and year-round estrous sheep[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2018,49(2):263-269.(in Chinese)
[8] TSUTSUI K,SAIGOH E,UKENA K,et al.A novel avian hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2000,275(2):661-667.
[9] SAID S I,MUTT V.Polypeptide with broad biological activity:isolation from small intestine[J].Science,1970,169(3951):1217-1218.
[10] 孔鸽萍.鹅催乳素受体基因的克隆和表达[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.KONG G P.Cloning and expression of prolactin receptor gene of goose[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2006.(in Chinese)
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[12] UBUKA T,INOUE K,FUKUDA Y,et al.Identification,expression,and physiological functions of Siberian hamster gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone[J].Endocrinology,2012,153(1):373-385.
[13] PAPARGIRIS M M,RIVALLAND E T A,CLARKE I J,et al.Evidence that RF-amide related peptide-3 is not a mediator of the inhibitory effects of psychosocial stress on gonadotrophin secretion in ovariectomised ewes[J].J Neuroendocrinol,2011,23(3):208-215.
[14] TSUTSUI K,UBUKA T,BENTLEY G E,et al.Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH):discovery,progress and prospect[J].Gen Comp Endocrinol,2012,177(3):305-314.
[15] 姚晓磊,黄欣爱,肖慎华,等.不同发育阶段湖羊生殖器官脂联素受体与睾酮分泌关键基因表达模式及相关性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(8):1642-1650.YAO X L,HUANG X A,XIAO S H,et al.Expression patterns and correlation of adiponectin receptors and testosterone secretion related-genes expression in male reproductive organs at different developmental stages of Hu sheep[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2018,49(8):1642-1650.(in Chinese)
[16] CLARKE I J,SMITH J T.The role of kisspeptin and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in the seasonality of reproduction in sheep[J].Soc Reprod Fertil Suppl,2010,67(5):159-169.
[17] CLARKE I J,SMITH J T,HENRY B A,et al.Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone is a hypothalamic peptide that provides a molecular switch between reproduction and feeding[J].Neuroendocrinology,2012,95(4):305-316.
[18] 曹晓涵,刘秋月,王翔宇,等.小尾寒羊黄体期和卵泡期生殖轴凋亡基因的表达研究及其与发情的关系[J].畜牧兽医学报,2017,48(11):2091-2097.CAO X H,LIU Q Y,WANG X Y,et al.Expression levels of apoptotic genes in HPG axis during luteal and follicular periods and their association with estrus in Small Tail Han sheep[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2017,48(11):2091-2097.(in Chinese)
[19] DARDENTE H,WYSE C A,BIRNIE M J,et al.A molecular switch for photoperiod responsiveness in mammals[J].Curr Biol,2010,20(24):2193-2198.
[20] MASUMOTO K H,UKAI-TADENUMA M,KASUKAWA T,et al.Acute induction of EYA3 by late-night light stimulation triggers TSHβ expression in photoperiodism[J].Curr Biol,2010,20(24):2199-2206.
[21] WOOD S,LOUDON A.Clocks for all seasons:unwinding the roles and mechanisms of circadian and interval timers in the hypothalamus and pituitary[J].J Endocrinol,2014,222(2):R39-R59.
[22] TSUJINO K,NARUMI R,MASUMOTO K H,et al.Establishment of TSHβ real-time monitoring system in mammalian photoperiodism[J].Genes Cells,2013,18(7):575-588.
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