矩阵算法和优化算法相结合的配电网故障定位
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摘要
区段定位是配电网故障处理和供电恢复的重要环节。针对现有矩阵算法容错性差,而优化算法定位速度慢的问题,将两者进行优势互补,提出一种矩阵算法和优化算法相结合的配电网故障定位方法。首先,从故障告警的因果关联关系出发,建立配电网的矩阵描述并构建故障区段定位的改进矩阵判据,在告警信息正常时能够快速准确定位故障区段。其次,考虑存在告警信息畸变时,根据矩阵判据结果筛选可疑区段,并在此基础上构建优化模型进行容错判断,有效实现高容错性故障定位。最后,通过不同配电网系统算例仿真验证了所提定位方法的有效性和容错性。
Fault location is an important link for fault emergency treatment and power restoration of distribution network. The existing matrix algorithm based method has poor fault tolerance, and the optimization algorithm based method has slow speed. To solve the promblems above, a comprehensive approach for distribution network fault location, which combines the advantages of both methods, is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the matrix description of the distribution network is established through causal analysis, based on which the improved matrix criterion is established to identity the fault section rapidly under normal-alarm condition. Secondly, the matrix criterion is used to filter suspicious sections under distorted-alarm condition, based on which the optimization model is constructed to achieve fault location with strong fault tolerance. Finally, the effectiveness and fault tolerance of the proposed method are verified by many case simulations of different distribution networks.This work is supported by Key Project of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment of National Key R&D Program of China(No. 2017 YFB0902900).
Fault location is an important link for fault emergency treatment and power restoration of distribution network. The existing matrix algorithm based method has poor fault tolerance, and the optimization algorithm based method has slow speed. To solve the promblems above, a comprehensive approach for distribution network fault location, which combines the advantages of both methods, is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the matrix description of the distribution network is established through causal analysis, based on which the improved matrix criterion is established to identity the fault section rapidly under normal-alarm condition. Secondly, the matrix criterion is used to filter suspicious sections under distorted-alarm condition, based on which the optimization model is constructed to achieve fault location with strong fault tolerance. Finally, the effectiveness and fault tolerance of the proposed method are verified by many case simulations of different distribution networks.This work is supported by Key Project of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment of National Key R&D Program of China(No. 2017 YFB0902900).
引文
[1] 唐金锐,尹项根,张哲,等.配电网故障自动定位技术研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(5):7-13.TANG Jinrui, YIN Xianggen, ZHANG Zhe, et al. Survey of fault location technology for distribution networks[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2013, 33(5): 7-13.
[2] 刘健,张小庆,申巍,等.中性点非有效接地配电网的单相接地定位能力测试技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):138-143.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170508012.LIU Jian, ZHANG Xiaoqing, SHEN Wei, et al. Performance testing of single phase to earth fault location for distribution network with neutral point non-effectively grounded systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(1): 138-143. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170508012.
[3] LIU J, GAO H, ZHAO M, et al. Review and prospect of active distribution system planning[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2015, 3(4): 457-467.
[4] 唐成虹,杨志宏,宋斌,等.有源配电网的智能分布式馈线自动化实现方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):101-106.TANG Chenghong, YANG Zhihong, SONG Bin, et al. A method of intelligent distributed feeder automation for active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(9): 101-106.
[5] 王成山,李鹏,于浩.智能配电网的新形态及其灵活性特征分析与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(10):13-21.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171012002.WANG Chengshan, LI Peng, YU Hao. Development and characteristic analysis of flexibility in smart distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(10): 13-21. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20171012002.
[6] CHUANG Yingchun, KE Yulung, CHEN Chaoshun, et al. Rule-expert knowledge-based Petri net approach for distribution system temperature adaptive feeder reconfiguration[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 21(3): 1362-1370.
[7] THUKARAM D, KHINCHA H, VIJAYNARASIMHA H. Artificial neural network and support vector machine approach for locating faults in radial distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005, 20(2): 710-721.
[8] 孙雅明,吕航.Petri网和冗余纠错技术结合的配网故障区段定位新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(10):61-67.SUN Yaming, Lü Hang. A new approach of the fault section locating for distribution systems based on Petri nets in combination with redundant correcting technique[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2004, 24(10): 61-67.
[9] 王英英,罗毅,涂光瑜.基于粗糙集与决策树的配电网故障诊断方法[J].高电压技术,2008,34(4):794-798.WANG Yingying, LUO Yi, TU Guangyu. Fault diagnosis method for distribution networks based on the rough sets and decision tree theory[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2008, 34(4): 794-798.
[10] 翁蓝天,刘开培,刘晓莉,等.复杂配电网故障定位的链表法[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(5):190-196.WENG Lantian, LIU Kaipei, LIU Xiaoli, et al. Chain table algorithm for fault location of complicated distribution network[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(5): 190-196.
[11] 刘健,倪建立,杜宇.配电网故障区段判断和隔离的统一矩阵算法[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(1):31-33.LIU Jian, NI Jianli, DU Yu. A unified matrix algorithm for fault section detection and isolation in distribution system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 1999, 23(1): 31-33.
[12] 杜红卫,孙雅明,刘弘靖,等.基于遗传算法的配电网故障定位和隔离[J].电网技术,2000,24(5):52-55.DU Hongwei, SUN Yaming, LIU Hongjing, et al. Fault section diagnosis and isolation of distribution networks based on genetic algorithm[J]. Power System Technology, 2000, 24(5): 52-55.
[13] 梅念,石东源,杨增力,等.一种实用的复杂配电网故障定位的矩阵算法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(10):66-70.MEI Nian, SHI Dongyuan, YANG Zengli, et al. A practical matrix-based fault location algorithm for complex distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(10): 66-70.
[14] 黄佳乐,杨冠鲁.配电网故障区间定位的改进矩阵算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(11):41-45.HUANG Jiale, YANG Guanlu. Modified matrix algorithm for fault section location of distribution network[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(11): 41-45.
[15] 马腾飞,高亮.含多微网的主动配电网故障区段定位算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(7):64-68.MA Tengfei, GAO Liang. Fault location algorithm for active distribution network with multi micro-grids[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2017, 45(7): 64-68.
[16] 卫志农,何桦,郑玉平.配电网故障区间定位的高级遗传算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(4):127-130.WEI Zhinong, HE Hua, ZHENG Yuping. A refined genetic algorithm for the fault sections location[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002, 22(4): 127-130.
[17] 陈歆技,丁同奎,张钊.蚁群算法在配电网故障定位中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(5):74-77.CHEN Xinji, DING Tongkui, ZHANG Zhao. Ant colony algorithm for solving fault location in distribution networks[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006, 30(5): 74-77.
[18] 郭壮志,徐其兴,洪俊杰,等.配电网故障区段定位的互补约束新模型与算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3742-3750.GUO Zhuangzhi, XU Qixing, HONG Junjie, et al. A novel fault section location model with complementarity constraints and its optimization algorithm for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(14): 3742-3750.
[19] 郭壮志,吴杰康.配电网故障区间定位的仿电磁学算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):34-40.GUO Zhuangzhi, WU Jiekang. Electromagnetism-like mechanism based fault section diagnosis for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2010, 30(13): 34-40.
[20] 付家才,陆青松.基于蝙蝠算法的配电网故障区间定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(16):100-105.FU Jiacai, LU Qingsong. Fault sections location of distribution network based on bat algorithm[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015, 43(16): 100-105.
[21] 刘蓓,汪沨,陈春,等.和声算法在含DG配电网故障定位中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):280-284.LIU Bei, WANG Feng, CHEN Chun, et al. Harmony search algorithm for solving fault location in distribution networks with DG[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(5): 280-284.
[22] KENNEDY J, EBERHART C. A discrete binary version of the particle swarm algorithm[C]// IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation, October 12-15, Orlando, USA: 4104-4108.
[23] 郭壮志,徐其兴,洪俊杰,等.配电网快速高容错性故障定位的线性整数规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):786-795.GUO Zhuangzhi, XU Qixing, HONG Junjie, et al. Integer linear programming based fault section diagnosis method with high fault-tolerance and fast performance for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(3): 786-795.
[24] 刘健,张志华,张小庆,等.基于配电自动化系统的单相接地定位[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(1):145-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160118005.LIU Jian, ZHANG Zhihua, ZHANG Xiaoqing, et al. Single phase to ground fault location based on distribution automation systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(1): 145-149. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20160118005.
[2] 刘健,张小庆,申巍,等.中性点非有效接地配电网的单相接地定位能力测试技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):138-143.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170508012.LIU Jian, ZHANG Xiaoqing, SHEN Wei, et al. Performance testing of single phase to earth fault location for distribution network with neutral point non-effectively grounded systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(1): 138-143. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20170508012.
[3] LIU J, GAO H, ZHAO M, et al. Review and prospect of active distribution system planning[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2015, 3(4): 457-467.
[4] 唐成虹,杨志宏,宋斌,等.有源配电网的智能分布式馈线自动化实现方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):101-106.TANG Chenghong, YANG Zhihong, SONG Bin, et al. A method of intelligent distributed feeder automation for active distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(9): 101-106.
[5] 王成山,李鹏,于浩.智能配电网的新形态及其灵活性特征分析与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(10):13-21.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171012002.WANG Chengshan, LI Peng, YU Hao. Development and characteristic analysis of flexibility in smart distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(10): 13-21. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20171012002.
[6] CHUANG Yingchun, KE Yulung, CHEN Chaoshun, et al. Rule-expert knowledge-based Petri net approach for distribution system temperature adaptive feeder reconfiguration[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 21(3): 1362-1370.
[7] THUKARAM D, KHINCHA H, VIJAYNARASIMHA H. Artificial neural network and support vector machine approach for locating faults in radial distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005, 20(2): 710-721.
[8] 孙雅明,吕航.Petri网和冗余纠错技术结合的配网故障区段定位新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(10):61-67.SUN Yaming, Lü Hang. A new approach of the fault section locating for distribution systems based on Petri nets in combination with redundant correcting technique[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2004, 24(10): 61-67.
[9] 王英英,罗毅,涂光瑜.基于粗糙集与决策树的配电网故障诊断方法[J].高电压技术,2008,34(4):794-798.WANG Yingying, LUO Yi, TU Guangyu. Fault diagnosis method for distribution networks based on the rough sets and decision tree theory[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2008, 34(4): 794-798.
[10] 翁蓝天,刘开培,刘晓莉,等.复杂配电网故障定位的链表法[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(5):190-196.WENG Lantian, LIU Kaipei, LIU Xiaoli, et al. Chain table algorithm for fault location of complicated distribution network[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(5): 190-196.
[11] 刘健,倪建立,杜宇.配电网故障区段判断和隔离的统一矩阵算法[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(1):31-33.LIU Jian, NI Jianli, DU Yu. A unified matrix algorithm for fault section detection and isolation in distribution system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 1999, 23(1): 31-33.
[12] 杜红卫,孙雅明,刘弘靖,等.基于遗传算法的配电网故障定位和隔离[J].电网技术,2000,24(5):52-55.DU Hongwei, SUN Yaming, LIU Hongjing, et al. Fault section diagnosis and isolation of distribution networks based on genetic algorithm[J]. Power System Technology, 2000, 24(5): 52-55.
[13] 梅念,石东源,杨增力,等.一种实用的复杂配电网故障定位的矩阵算法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(10):66-70.MEI Nian, SHI Dongyuan, YANG Zengli, et al. A practical matrix-based fault location algorithm for complex distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(10): 66-70.
[14] 黄佳乐,杨冠鲁.配电网故障区间定位的改进矩阵算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(11):41-45.HUANG Jiale, YANG Guanlu. Modified matrix algorithm for fault section location of distribution network[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(11): 41-45.
[15] 马腾飞,高亮.含多微网的主动配电网故障区段定位算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(7):64-68.MA Tengfei, GAO Liang. Fault location algorithm for active distribution network with multi micro-grids[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2017, 45(7): 64-68.
[16] 卫志农,何桦,郑玉平.配电网故障区间定位的高级遗传算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(4):127-130.WEI Zhinong, HE Hua, ZHENG Yuping. A refined genetic algorithm for the fault sections location[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002, 22(4): 127-130.
[17] 陈歆技,丁同奎,张钊.蚁群算法在配电网故障定位中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(5):74-77.CHEN Xinji, DING Tongkui, ZHANG Zhao. Ant colony algorithm for solving fault location in distribution networks[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006, 30(5): 74-77.
[18] 郭壮志,徐其兴,洪俊杰,等.配电网故障区段定位的互补约束新模型与算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3742-3750.GUO Zhuangzhi, XU Qixing, HONG Junjie, et al. A novel fault section location model with complementarity constraints and its optimization algorithm for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(14): 3742-3750.
[19] 郭壮志,吴杰康.配电网故障区间定位的仿电磁学算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):34-40.GUO Zhuangzhi, WU Jiekang. Electromagnetism-like mechanism based fault section diagnosis for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2010, 30(13): 34-40.
[20] 付家才,陆青松.基于蝙蝠算法的配电网故障区间定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(16):100-105.FU Jiacai, LU Qingsong. Fault sections location of distribution network based on bat algorithm[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015, 43(16): 100-105.
[21] 刘蓓,汪沨,陈春,等.和声算法在含DG配电网故障定位中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):280-284.LIU Bei, WANG Feng, CHEN Chun, et al. Harmony search algorithm for solving fault location in distribution networks with DG[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(5): 280-284.
[22] KENNEDY J, EBERHART C. A discrete binary version of the particle swarm algorithm[C]// IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation, October 12-15, Orlando, USA: 4104-4108.
[23] 郭壮志,徐其兴,洪俊杰,等.配电网快速高容错性故障定位的线性整数规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):786-795.GUO Zhuangzhi, XU Qixing, HONG Junjie, et al. Integer linear programming based fault section diagnosis method with high fault-tolerance and fast performance for distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(3): 786-795.
[24] 刘健,张志华,张小庆,等.基于配电自动化系统的单相接地定位[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(1):145-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160118005.LIU Jian, ZHANG Zhihua, ZHANG Xiaoqing, et al. Single phase to ground fault location based on distribution automation systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(1): 145-149. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20160118005.