三维地震勘探采集设计中数字高程模型的应用方法
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摘要
起伏地表(黄土塬、沙漠和山地)进行三维地震勘探资料采集,不但要避开地表障碍,还要避开峰顶和陡坡(即:避高、避陡)。论述了适用于地震勘探采集设计的数字高程模型地形属性分析计算和特征提取的数字信息处理技术和方法,研究起伏地表三维地震资料采集观测设计中的数字地形应用原理,实现三维地震资料采集观测设计的避高、避陡自动优化设计,为三维地震勘探采集设计数字高程模型的应用提供了研究基础。
The three-dimensional seismic exploration data collection from undulating surface( loess plateau,desert and mountain) not only avoids surface obstacle,but also avoid peak and steep slope( ie,avoid high and avoid steep). This paper mainly discussed the digital information processing technology and method of terrain attribute analysis and feature extraction for digital elevation model which is suitable for seismic exploration and design,and studied the application principle of digital terrain in 3 D seismic data acquisition and observation of undulating surface to realize 3 D seismic data acquisition,the design of the observation design avoids and avoids the automatic optimization design,which provides the research foundation for the application of the digital elevation model for the 3 D seismic exploration acquisition design.
The three-dimensional seismic exploration data collection from undulating surface( loess plateau,desert and mountain) not only avoids surface obstacle,but also avoid peak and steep slope( ie,avoid high and avoid steep). This paper mainly discussed the digital information processing technology and method of terrain attribute analysis and feature extraction for digital elevation model which is suitable for seismic exploration and design,and studied the application principle of digital terrain in 3 D seismic data acquisition and observation of undulating surface to realize 3 D seismic data acquisition,the design of the observation design avoids and avoids the automatic optimization design,which provides the research foundation for the application of the digital elevation model for the 3 D seismic exploration acquisition design.
引文
[1]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].北京:中国石油大学出版社,1993.
[2]邓志文,倪宇东,陈学强,等.复杂山地三维地震勘探采集技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):15-22.Deng Zhiwen,Ni Yudong,Chen Xueqiang,et al.3D seismic acquisition in complex mountainous areas[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(1):15-22.
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[10]王德志,贾烈明,刘学伟,等.正演模拟技术在泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带三维地震采集中的应用[J].河南石油,2013,17(5):18-20.Wang Dezhi,Jia Lieming,Liu Xuewei,et al.Application of forward modeling technologies in 3D seismic acquisition in Southern Abrupt Slop Zone,Biyang Dpression[J].Henan Petroleum,2013,17(5):18-20.
[11]李敏,陈佑军.构建三维地震勘探设计项目质量控制模型[J].项目管理技术,2012,10(1):56-60.Li Min,Chen Youjun.Build 3 d seismic exploration design project quality control model[J].Project management technology,2012,10(1):56-60.
[12]蔡希源,韩文功,于静,等.罗家地区高密度三维地震勘探实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):182-186.Cai Xiyuan,Han Wengong,Yu Jing,et al.A high density 3D seismic acquisition case in Luojia area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(2):182-186.
[13]张宏,邱荣华,孙耀华,等.三维地震一体化勘探技术研究[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(5):72-75.Zhang Hong,Qiu Ronghua,Sun Yaohua,et al.Integration of 3d seismic exploration technology research and its application in biyang[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):72-75.
[14]赵延江.黄土源地区地震勘探激发技术探讨[J].石油物探,2006,45(6):646-650.Zhao Yanjiang.Research on shooting techniques of seismic prospecting in Huangtuyuan area[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(6):646-650.
[15]孙景旺,杜中东,任文军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土源区多线地震采集技术[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):505-507.Sun Jingwang,Du Zhongdong,Ren Wenjun,et al.Seismic acquisition with a swath of lines in area of loess tableland[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):505-507.
[16]杜中东,邓述全,汪兴业,等.黄土源非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(S1):35-39.Du Zhongdong,Deng Shuquan,Wang Xingye,et al.Off-line seismic exploration and its application in loess plateau area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(S1):35-39.
[17]周启鸣,刘学军.数字地形分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[2]邓志文,倪宇东,陈学强,等.复杂山地三维地震勘探采集技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):15-22.Deng Zhiwen,Ni Yudong,Chen Xueqiang,et al.3D seismic acquisition in complex mountainous areas[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(1):15-22.
[3]吕公河,张庆淮,段卫星,等.黄土源地区地震勘探采集技术[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):84-91.LüGonghe,Zhang Qinghuai,Duan Wenxing,et al.Seismic acquisition in loess yuan areas[J].Geophysical Prosperting for Pctrolcum,2001,40(2):84-91.
[4]刘宝国.鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬区三维地震勘探关键技术研究[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):330-337.Liu Baoguo.The key technologies of 3D seismic exploration in loess plateau area of Southern Ordos Basin[J].Geophys Prosp Petrol,2014,53(3):330-337.
[5]王中锋,冯西会,朱芳香.黄土塬梁峁区三维地震采集方法研究[J].中国煤炭地质.2008,20(6):24-26.Wang Zhongfeng,Feng Xihui,Zhu Fangxiang.A Research on 3D Seismic Acquisition Method in Loess Tableland,Ridge and Hill Areas[J].Coal geology of China,2008,20(6):24-26.
[6]邬伦,刘瑜.地理信息系统原理方法和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[7]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[8]龚健雅.地理信息系统基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[9]朱金平,董良国,程玖兵.基于地震照明、面向勘探目标的三维观测系统优化设计[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):339-348.Zhu Jinping,Dong Liangguo,Cheng Jiubing.Target-oriented 3D seismic optimal geometry design based on seismic illumination[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(3):339-348.
[10]王德志,贾烈明,刘学伟,等.正演模拟技术在泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带三维地震采集中的应用[J].河南石油,2013,17(5):18-20.Wang Dezhi,Jia Lieming,Liu Xuewei,et al.Application of forward modeling technologies in 3D seismic acquisition in Southern Abrupt Slop Zone,Biyang Dpression[J].Henan Petroleum,2013,17(5):18-20.
[11]李敏,陈佑军.构建三维地震勘探设计项目质量控制模型[J].项目管理技术,2012,10(1):56-60.Li Min,Chen Youjun.Build 3 d seismic exploration design project quality control model[J].Project management technology,2012,10(1):56-60.
[12]蔡希源,韩文功,于静,等.罗家地区高密度三维地震勘探实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):182-186.Cai Xiyuan,Han Wengong,Yu Jing,et al.A high density 3D seismic acquisition case in Luojia area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(2):182-186.
[13]张宏,邱荣华,孙耀华,等.三维地震一体化勘探技术研究[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(5):72-75.Zhang Hong,Qiu Ronghua,Sun Yaohua,et al.Integration of 3d seismic exploration technology research and its application in biyang[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):72-75.
[14]赵延江.黄土源地区地震勘探激发技术探讨[J].石油物探,2006,45(6):646-650.Zhao Yanjiang.Research on shooting techniques of seismic prospecting in Huangtuyuan area[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(6):646-650.
[15]孙景旺,杜中东,任文军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土源区多线地震采集技术[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):505-507.Sun Jingwang,Du Zhongdong,Ren Wenjun,et al.Seismic acquisition with a swath of lines in area of loess tableland[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):505-507.
[16]杜中东,邓述全,汪兴业,等.黄土源非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(S1):35-39.Du Zhongdong,Deng Shuquan,Wang Xingye,et al.Off-line seismic exploration and its application in loess plateau area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(S1):35-39.
[17]周启鸣,刘学军.数字地形分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.