滨海盐土中典型供水管材腐蚀机理的土壤加速腐蚀研究
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摘要
基于土壤加速腐蚀实验,采用失重法和电化学测试手段研究了滨海盐土中球墨铸铁、灰口铸铁和碳钢3种典型供水管材的腐蚀规律、腐蚀层结构变化以及腐蚀的阴阳极反应动力学过程。结果表明:3种材质在滨海盐土中的腐蚀行为规律一致。腐蚀主要分为点蚀诱导期、点蚀发展期和稳定腐蚀期3各阶段;腐蚀初期和中期主要受电荷传递控制,且随着腐蚀的进行,电荷传递电阻快速上升;腐蚀稳定期,氧的扩散成为了腐蚀的控制步骤。3种材质腐蚀的极化曲线均出现明显的阴极扩散和阳极活化双重控制的现象,其中阴极扩散控制作用更为明显。
A laboratory accelerated test set-up was built to simulate the environment of the coastal saline soils at Tianjin coastal area. Corrosion performance of three typical materials for water supply pipes such as ductile iron, grey cast iron and carbon steel, was assessed by means of weight loss method and electrochemical measurement. The main conclusions are as follows: the three materials present more or less the same corrosion tendency in the test environment. The corrosion process can be differentiated into three stages: pitting induction stage, pitting developmental stage, and stable corrosion stage.The charge transfer was the control step in the initial-and middle-stage of corrosion, while the charge transfer resistance rose rapidly as the corrosion proceeded, however, the oxygen diffusion became the controlling step for the stable corrosion stage. The polarization curves of three materials showed obvious double control of cathodic diffusion and anodic activation, and the cathode diffusion control was more obvious.
A laboratory accelerated test set-up was built to simulate the environment of the coastal saline soils at Tianjin coastal area. Corrosion performance of three typical materials for water supply pipes such as ductile iron, grey cast iron and carbon steel, was assessed by means of weight loss method and electrochemical measurement. The main conclusions are as follows: the three materials present more or less the same corrosion tendency in the test environment. The corrosion process can be differentiated into three stages: pitting induction stage, pitting developmental stage, and stable corrosion stage.The charge transfer was the control step in the initial-and middle-stage of corrosion, while the charge transfer resistance rose rapidly as the corrosion proceeded, however, the oxygen diffusion became the controlling step for the stable corrosion stage. The polarization curves of three materials showed obvious double control of cathodic diffusion and anodic activation, and the cathode diffusion control was more obvious.
引文
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[20]Li C B.Discrimination of corrosion mechanism and calculation of corrosion velocity from the weak polarization curve of soil steel electrode[J].Mater.Prot.,1982,(2):7(李成保.从土壤中钢电极的弱极化曲线判别腐蚀机理和求算腐蚀速度的研究[J].材料保护,1982,(2):7)
[21]Li C B.Evaluation of soil corrosion to steel by linear polarization method[J].Mater.Prot.,1984,(1):21(李成保.用线性极化法评价土壤对钢腐蚀性的研究[J].材料保护,1984,(1):21)
[22]Tang H Y,Song G L,Cao C N,et al.Application of a low polariza‐tion curve fitting technique to the study of soil corrosion[J].Cor‐ros.Sci.Prot.Technol.,1996,8(3):179(唐红雁,宋光铃,曹楚南等.弱极化曲线拟合技术在土壤腐蚀研究中的应用[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,1996,8(3):179)
[23]Zhao W M,Wang Y,Xue J,et al.EIS study of the corrosion failure process of steel coated by nickel base alloy[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2005,41:178(赵卫民,王勇,薛锦等.镍基合金涂层包覆钢腐蚀失效过程的电化学阻抗谱研究[J].金属学报,2005,41:178)
[2]Cole I S,Marney D.The science of pipe corrosion:A review of the literature on the corrosion of ferrous metals in soils[J].Corros.Sci.,2012,56:5
[3]Li X,Wang Y P,Zhao H B.Effect of material quality of pipeline on quality of water supply[J].J.Harbin Inst.Technol.,2001,33:592(李欣,王郁萍,赵洪宾.给水管道材质对供水水质的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2001,33:592)
[4]Li R A,Wang F,Qin F J,et al.Studies on the best curve equation between the total salts and the electrical conductivity of the coastal saline soil[J].J.Agric.,2015,5(3):59(厉仁安,王飞,秦方锦等.滨海盐土全盐量与电导率之间最佳曲线方程研究[J].农学学报,2015,5(3):59)
[5]He B.Study on dynamic of soil moisture content and salinity and its influencing factors in coastal saline soil under humid climate[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2014(何斌.湿润气候下滨海盐土水盐动态及影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2014)
[6]Vorob’eva L A,Pankova E I.Saline-alkali soils of Russia[J].Eur‐asian Soil Sci.,2008,41:457
[7]Yin G Q,Zhang L H,Chang S W,et al.A brief introduction of meth‐ods used in soil corrosion researches[J].Corros.Sci.Prot.Technol.,2004,16:367(尹桂勤,张莉华,常守文等.土壤腐蚀研究方法概述[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2004,16:367)
[8]Dong C F,Li X G,Wu J W,et al.Review in experimentation and da‐ta processing of soil corrosion[J].Corros.Sci.Prot.Technol.,2003,15:154(董超芳,李晓刚,武俊伟等.土壤腐蚀的实验研究与数据处理[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2003,15:154)
[9]Xie J H,Wu Y S,Zhu R Z.Present situation and prospect of soil corrosion research[J].Petrochem.Corros.Prot.,1996,13(2):9(谢建辉,吴荫顺,朱日彰.土壤腐蚀研究的现状及展望[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,1996,13(2):9)
[10]Luo J H,Wang Y Y,Zhao X W,et al.Current status of soil corro‐sion study on oil and gas pipeline in service[J].Petrol.Eng.Con‐struct.,2004,30(6):1(罗金恒,王曰燕,赵新伟等.在役油气管道土壤腐蚀研究现状[J].石油工程建设,2004,30(6):1)
[11]Huang T,Chen X P,Wang X D,et al.Accelerated corrosion of steel in laboratory simulated acid soil[J].Mater.Prot.,2014,47(10):58(黄涛,陈小平,王向东等.实验室模拟酸性土壤中钢材的加速腐蚀[J].材料保护,2014,47(10):58)
[12]Chen Y,Tian Y M,Guo H,et al.Corrosion rule of ductile cast iron pipe in seashore saline soil determined by electrolytic/galvanic ac‐celerated corrosion tests[J].Mater.Prot.,2015,48(11):28(陈瑛,田一梅,郭浩等.滨海盐土中球墨铸铁管腐蚀规律的电解、电偶加速法测定[J].材料保护,2015,48(11):28)
[13]Chen Y.Soil accelerated corrosion and protection of grounding net[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2009(陈沂.接地网的土壤加速腐蚀与防护研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2009)
[14]Chen J W,Qian Z H,Shen X M,et al.Laboratory comparison of soil corrosion evaluation methods[J].Corros.Prot.,2014,35:133(陈建伟,钱洲亥,沈晓明等.土壤腐蚀评价方法的实验室对比[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35:133)
[15]Cao C N,Zhang J Q.An Introduction to Electrochemical Imped‐ance Spectroscopy[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002(曹楚南,张鉴清.电化学阻抗谱导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002)
[16]Lorenz W J,Mansfeld F.Determination of corrosion rates by elec‐trochemical DC and AC methods[J].Corros.Sci.,1981,21:647
[17]Murray J N,Moran P J.Influence of moisture on corrosion of pipe‐line steel in soils using in situ impedance spectroscopy[J].Corro‐sion,1989,45:34
[18]Epelboin I,Keddam M,Takenouti H.Use of impedance measure‐ments for the determination of the instant rate of metal corrosion[J].J.Appl.Electrochem.,1972,2:71
[19]Li M C,Lin H C,Cao C N.Study on soil corrosion of carbon steel by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)[J].J.Chin.Soc.Corros.Prot.,2000,20:111(李谋成,林海潮,曹楚南.碳钢在土壤中腐蚀的电化学阻抗谱特征[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2000,20:111)
[20]Li C B.Discrimination of corrosion mechanism and calculation of corrosion velocity from the weak polarization curve of soil steel electrode[J].Mater.Prot.,1982,(2):7(李成保.从土壤中钢电极的弱极化曲线判别腐蚀机理和求算腐蚀速度的研究[J].材料保护,1982,(2):7)
[21]Li C B.Evaluation of soil corrosion to steel by linear polarization method[J].Mater.Prot.,1984,(1):21(李成保.用线性极化法评价土壤对钢腐蚀性的研究[J].材料保护,1984,(1):21)
[22]Tang H Y,Song G L,Cao C N,et al.Application of a low polariza‐tion curve fitting technique to the study of soil corrosion[J].Cor‐ros.Sci.Prot.Technol.,1996,8(3):179(唐红雁,宋光铃,曹楚南等.弱极化曲线拟合技术在土壤腐蚀研究中的应用[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,1996,8(3):179)
[23]Zhao W M,Wang Y,Xue J,et al.EIS study of the corrosion failure process of steel coated by nickel base alloy[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2005,41:178(赵卫民,王勇,薛锦等.镍基合金涂层包覆钢腐蚀失效过程的电化学阻抗谱研究[J].金属学报,2005,41:178)