高精度航空重力测量系统分项指标设计分析
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摘要
为研制高精度航空重力仪,开展了高精度航空重力仪分项指标设计与分析,为高精度航空重力测量系统设计提供依据。笔者基于航空重力测量的数学模型,归纳出影响航空重力测量的主要因素;结合航空重力测量的相关理论公式,使用理论模型,推导出各影响因素的误差模型;开展了各项误差的分析研究,并通过设定合理的分项指标精度来有效地控制分项误差,确保航空重力测量精度优于0.6×10-5m/s2。
In order to meet the needs of development of high-precision airborne gravimeter,the sub-index design and analysis of highprecision airborne gravimeter were carried out,which provided the basis for the design of high-precision airborne gravimeter system.Based on the mathematical model of airborne gravimetry,this paper summarizes the main errors affecting airborne gravimetry,uses the theoretical model formula,deduces the error models of various influencing factors,and carries out the analysis and study of various errors,and sets reasonable sub-index by combining the relevant theoretical formula of airborne gravimetry. Accuracy can effectively control the sub item errors and ensure the accuracy of airborne gravity measurement is better than 0.6×10~(-5) m/s~2.
In order to meet the needs of development of high-precision airborne gravimeter,the sub-index design and analysis of highprecision airborne gravimeter were carried out,which provided the basis for the design of high-precision airborne gravimeter system.Based on the mathematical model of airborne gravimetry,this paper summarizes the main errors affecting airborne gravimetry,uses the theoretical model formula,deduces the error models of various influencing factors,and carries out the analysis and study of various errors,and sets reasonable sub-index by combining the relevant theoretical formula of airborne gravimetry. Accuracy can effectively control the sub item errors and ensure the accuracy of airborne gravity measurement is better than 0.6×10~(-5) m/s~2.
引文
[1]熊盛青.我国航空重磁技术现状与发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(1):113-117.Xiong S Q. The present situation and development of airborne gravity and magnetic survey techniques in China[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(1):113-117.
[2]王静波,熊盛青,周锡华,等.航空重力测量系统研究进展[J].物探与化探,2009,33(4):368-373.Wang J B,Xiong S Q,Zhou X H,et al. The advances in the study of the airborne gravimetry system[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2009,33(4):368-373.
[3] Glennie C,Schwarz K P. A comparison of stable platform and stapdown airborne gravity[J]. Journal of Geodesy,2000,(74):383-389.
[4] Brozena J M,Peters M F. State-of-the-art Airborne Gravimetry[A]. In Gravity and Geoid:Joint Symposium of the International Gravity Commission and the International Geoid Commission,Graz,Austria:Springer,Berlin,1994,(113):187-197.
[5] Gabell A,Tuckett H,Olson D. The GT-1A mobile gravimeter[A]. In ASEG-PESA,Airborne Gravity 2004 Workshop,2004:55-61.
[6] Yang N H,Arne V O,Mei P W. SGA-WZ:A New Strapdown Airborne Gravimeter[J]. Sensors 2012,2012,12:9336-9348.
[7]孙中苗.航空重力测量理论方法及应用研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2004.Sun Z M. Theory,methods and applications of airborne gravimetry[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2004.
[8]王丽红,张传定,王俊勤,等.航空重力测量数学模型及其测量精度分析[J].测绘科学技术学报,2008,25(1):68-71.Wang L H,Zhang C D,Wang J Q,et al. Mathematical models and accuracy evaluation for the airborne gravimetry[J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2008,25(1):68-71.
[9]吴美平,张开东.基于捷联惯导系统/差分全球定位系统的航空重力测量技术[J].科技导报,2007,25(17/239):74-80.Wu M P,Zhang K D. Technology of airborne gravimetry based on SINS/DGPS[J]. Science&Technology Review,2007,25(17/239):74-80.
[10]熊盛青,周锡华,郭志宏,等.航空重力勘探理论方法及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.Xiong S Q,Zhou X H,Guo Z H,et al. Theory,method and application of the airborne gravity prospecting[M]. Beijing:Geological publishing House,2010.
[11]邹欣蕾,蔡劭琨,吴美平,等.基于经验模态分解的航空重力测量动态误差分离[J].物探与化探,2016,40(6):1217-1221.Zou X L,Cai S K,Wu M P,et al. Dynamic errors separation of airborne gravimetry based on empirical mode decomposition[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(6):1217-1221.
[12] Bolotin Y V,Popelensky M Y. Accuracy analysis of airborne gravity when gravimeter parameters are identified in flight[J]. Journal of Mathematical Sciences,2007,146(3):5911-5519.
[13]罗锋,郭志宏,骆遥,等.航空重力数据的等波纹FIR低通滤波试验[J].物探与化探,2012,36(5):856-860.Luo F,Guo Z H,Luo Y,et al. Experimental researches on FIR low pass filter based on equiripple[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(5):856-860.
[14]郭志宏,罗锋,安战锋.航空重力数据窗函数法FIR低通数字滤波试验[J].物探与化探,2007,31(6):568-571,576.Guo Z H,Luo F,An Z F. Experimental researches on FIR low pass digital filters based on window functions of airborne gravity data,2007,31(6):568-571,576.
[15]王静波,熊盛青,周锡华,等.利用Kalman平滑技术估算航空重力测量中的载体垂直加速度[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):968-974.Wang J B,Xiong S Q,Guo Z H,et al. Estimation of the vertical acceleration for the airborne gravimetry using Kalman smoothing[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):968-974.
[16]王丽红,张传定.航空矢量重力测量中科里奥利加速度对测速精度要求分析[J].海洋测绘,2008,28(2):1-4,8.Wang L H,Zhang C D. Analysing the accuracy of measuring velocity for the airborne vectror gravity survey according to coriolis acceleration[J]. Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2008,28(2):1-4,8.
[17]屈进红,郭素然,周锡华,等.相关性分析在GT航空重力仪零漂改正中的应用[J].物探与化探,2016,40(4):838-842.Qu J H,Guo S R,Zhou X H,et al. The correlation analytical method and its application to GT aerogravimeter drift correction[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(4):838-842.
[18] Bar-Itzhack I Y,Berman N. Control theoretic approach to inertial navigation systems[J]. Journal of Guidance,1988,11(3):237-245.
[19] Berzhitsky V N,Iljin V N,Saveliev E B,et al. GT-1A inertial gravimeter system design consideration and results of flight tests[C]//In Proc. 2002,9th Saint-Petersburg Int. Conf. on Integrated Navigation Systems,Russia,St. Petersburg.
[20]肖云,夏哲仁.航空重力测量中载体运动加速度的确定[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):63-67.Xiao Y,Xia Z R.Determination of acceleration of carrier motion in aeronautical gravity measurement[J]. Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(1):63-67.
[21]孙中苗.航空矢量重力测量误差模型的建立及初步分析[J].测绘科技,1998,98(4):1-7.Sun Z M.Establishment and preliminary analysis of error model of aeronautical vector gravity measurement[J]. Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,1998,98(4):1-7.
[22]孙中苗.航空重力测量精度估计[J].测绘科技,1999,46(1):29-34.Sun Z M. Accuracy estimation of airborne gravimetry J]. Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,1999,46(1):29-34.
[23]肖云.基于GPS双差相位率确定运动载体的速度和加速度[J].解放军测绘研究所学报,1999,19(1):61-64.Xiao Y.Determination of velocity and acceleration of moving carrier based on GPS double difference phase rate[J].Journal of PLA Institute of Surveying and Mapping,1999,19(1):61-64.
[2]王静波,熊盛青,周锡华,等.航空重力测量系统研究进展[J].物探与化探,2009,33(4):368-373.Wang J B,Xiong S Q,Zhou X H,et al. The advances in the study of the airborne gravimetry system[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2009,33(4):368-373.
[3] Glennie C,Schwarz K P. A comparison of stable platform and stapdown airborne gravity[J]. Journal of Geodesy,2000,(74):383-389.
[4] Brozena J M,Peters M F. State-of-the-art Airborne Gravimetry[A]. In Gravity and Geoid:Joint Symposium of the International Gravity Commission and the International Geoid Commission,Graz,Austria:Springer,Berlin,1994,(113):187-197.
[5] Gabell A,Tuckett H,Olson D. The GT-1A mobile gravimeter[A]. In ASEG-PESA,Airborne Gravity 2004 Workshop,2004:55-61.
[6] Yang N H,Arne V O,Mei P W. SGA-WZ:A New Strapdown Airborne Gravimeter[J]. Sensors 2012,2012,12:9336-9348.
[7]孙中苗.航空重力测量理论方法及应用研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2004.Sun Z M. Theory,methods and applications of airborne gravimetry[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2004.
[8]王丽红,张传定,王俊勤,等.航空重力测量数学模型及其测量精度分析[J].测绘科学技术学报,2008,25(1):68-71.Wang L H,Zhang C D,Wang J Q,et al. Mathematical models and accuracy evaluation for the airborne gravimetry[J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2008,25(1):68-71.
[9]吴美平,张开东.基于捷联惯导系统/差分全球定位系统的航空重力测量技术[J].科技导报,2007,25(17/239):74-80.Wu M P,Zhang K D. Technology of airborne gravimetry based on SINS/DGPS[J]. Science&Technology Review,2007,25(17/239):74-80.
[10]熊盛青,周锡华,郭志宏,等.航空重力勘探理论方法及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.Xiong S Q,Zhou X H,Guo Z H,et al. Theory,method and application of the airborne gravity prospecting[M]. Beijing:Geological publishing House,2010.
[11]邹欣蕾,蔡劭琨,吴美平,等.基于经验模态分解的航空重力测量动态误差分离[J].物探与化探,2016,40(6):1217-1221.Zou X L,Cai S K,Wu M P,et al. Dynamic errors separation of airborne gravimetry based on empirical mode decomposition[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(6):1217-1221.
[12] Bolotin Y V,Popelensky M Y. Accuracy analysis of airborne gravity when gravimeter parameters are identified in flight[J]. Journal of Mathematical Sciences,2007,146(3):5911-5519.
[13]罗锋,郭志宏,骆遥,等.航空重力数据的等波纹FIR低通滤波试验[J].物探与化探,2012,36(5):856-860.Luo F,Guo Z H,Luo Y,et al. Experimental researches on FIR low pass filter based on equiripple[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(5):856-860.
[14]郭志宏,罗锋,安战锋.航空重力数据窗函数法FIR低通数字滤波试验[J].物探与化探,2007,31(6):568-571,576.Guo Z H,Luo F,An Z F. Experimental researches on FIR low pass digital filters based on window functions of airborne gravity data,2007,31(6):568-571,576.
[15]王静波,熊盛青,周锡华,等.利用Kalman平滑技术估算航空重力测量中的载体垂直加速度[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):968-974.Wang J B,Xiong S Q,Guo Z H,et al. Estimation of the vertical acceleration for the airborne gravimetry using Kalman smoothing[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):968-974.
[16]王丽红,张传定.航空矢量重力测量中科里奥利加速度对测速精度要求分析[J].海洋测绘,2008,28(2):1-4,8.Wang L H,Zhang C D. Analysing the accuracy of measuring velocity for the airborne vectror gravity survey according to coriolis acceleration[J]. Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2008,28(2):1-4,8.
[17]屈进红,郭素然,周锡华,等.相关性分析在GT航空重力仪零漂改正中的应用[J].物探与化探,2016,40(4):838-842.Qu J H,Guo S R,Zhou X H,et al. The correlation analytical method and its application to GT aerogravimeter drift correction[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(4):838-842.
[18] Bar-Itzhack I Y,Berman N. Control theoretic approach to inertial navigation systems[J]. Journal of Guidance,1988,11(3):237-245.
[19] Berzhitsky V N,Iljin V N,Saveliev E B,et al. GT-1A inertial gravimeter system design consideration and results of flight tests[C]//In Proc. 2002,9th Saint-Petersburg Int. Conf. on Integrated Navigation Systems,Russia,St. Petersburg.
[20]肖云,夏哲仁.航空重力测量中载体运动加速度的确定[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):63-67.Xiao Y,Xia Z R.Determination of acceleration of carrier motion in aeronautical gravity measurement[J]. Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(1):63-67.
[21]孙中苗.航空矢量重力测量误差模型的建立及初步分析[J].测绘科技,1998,98(4):1-7.Sun Z M.Establishment and preliminary analysis of error model of aeronautical vector gravity measurement[J]. Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,1998,98(4):1-7.
[22]孙中苗.航空重力测量精度估计[J].测绘科技,1999,46(1):29-34.Sun Z M. Accuracy estimation of airborne gravimetry J]. Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,1999,46(1):29-34.
[23]肖云.基于GPS双差相位率确定运动载体的速度和加速度[J].解放军测绘研究所学报,1999,19(1):61-64.Xiao Y.Determination of velocity and acceleration of moving carrier based on GPS double difference phase rate[J].Journal of PLA Institute of Surveying and Mapping,1999,19(1):61-64.