Internet动态节点特性的层级相关性研究
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摘要
为了探究Internet拓扑动态节点演化特征的层级相关性,基于CAIDA项目授权的海量数据,结合网络科学的思想,分析了不同尺度下网络结构的演化机制.针对IP级与AS级拓扑,对层级与节点动态特性的相关性进行了分析,其中包括新生与消亡节点的动态变化比例、偏好依附、稳定连接数目等多个特性.结果表明:IP级拓扑节点的新陈代谢比AS级旺盛,IP级拓扑新生节点的非优先连接"偏好"比AS级稳定,新生连接中IP级拓扑的稳定连接数较多.IP级与AS级动态节点的演化有本质不同,为理解Internet的演化机制提供了基础.
Introducing network science theories,the evolution mechanisms of different network scales w ere analyzed based on lots of data provided by the CAIDA project. As to the topologies of IP-level and AS-level,the correlation betw een the tw o levels and the characteristics of dynamic nodes w ere analyzed, including the dynamically changing proportion of birth / death nodes, preferential attachments and the number of stable attachments. The conclusions are as follow s: firstly,IP-level nodes are more active; secondly,the evolution of IP-level non-preferential attachments is more stable,and thirdly,the number of IP-level stable attachments is much greater. The evolutions of the dynamic nodes in different measure levels are different in essence,w hich can provide a valid basis for understanding the Internet evolution mechanism.
Introducing network science theories,the evolution mechanisms of different network scales w ere analyzed based on lots of data provided by the CAIDA project. As to the topologies of IP-level and AS-level,the correlation betw een the tw o levels and the characteristics of dynamic nodes w ere analyzed, including the dynamically changing proportion of birth / death nodes, preferential attachments and the number of stable attachments. The conclusions are as follow s: firstly,IP-level nodes are more active; secondly,the evolution of IP-level non-preferential attachments is more stable,and thirdly,the number of IP-level stable attachments is much greater. The evolutions of the dynamic nodes in different measure levels are different in essence,w hich can provide a valid basis for understanding the Internet evolution mechanism.
引文
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[10]Li H,Zhao H,Cai W,et al.A modular attachment mechanism for software network evolution[J].Physica:A,2013,392(9):2025-2037.
[2]Faloutsos M,Faloutsos P,Faloutsos C.On power-law relationships of the Internet topology[J].ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review,1999,29(4):251-262.
[3]赵海,刘怡文,艾均,等.IP级拓扑新生与消亡节点的特征[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2013,34(9):1232-1235.(Zhao Hai,Liu Yi-wen,Ai Jun,et al.Characteristics of birth and death nodes with IP-level topology[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2013,34(9):1232-1235.)
[4]Floyd S,Kohler E.Internet research needs better models[J].ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review,2003,33(1):29-34.
[5]Zhang J,Zhao H,Xu J Q,et al.Characterizing and modeling the Internet router-level topology—the hierarchical features and HIR model[J].Computer Communications,2010,33(16):2001-2011.
[6]Ai J,Zhao H,Kathleen M,et al.Evolution of IPv6 Internet topology with unusual sudden changes[J].Chinese Physics:B,2013,22(7):078902.
[7]Guillaume J L,Latapy M,Magoni D.Relevance of massively distributed explorations of the Internet topology:qualitative results[J].Computer Networks,2006,50(16):3197-3224.
[8]Barabasi A L,Albert R.Emergence of scaling in random networks[J].Science,1999,286(5439):509-512.
[9]Varian H R.Intermediate microeconomics:a modern approach[M].New York:W W Norton&Company,2006:65.
[10]Li H,Zhao H,Cai W,et al.A modular attachment mechanism for software network evolution[J].Physica:A,2013,392(9):2025-2037.