某SUV小偏置碰撞仿真及车体结构优化
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摘要
为了评估某SUV正面小偏置碰撞结构安全性能,根据美国公路安全保险协会(IIHS)相关评价体系的要求,采用LS-DYNA软件进行碰撞仿真分析。根据正面小偏置碰撞中壁障与车辆的接触主要在纵梁之外,碰撞的载荷通过轮胎和shotgun向后传递到A柱、门槛,造成驾驶舱严重变形的特点,并结合仿真结果中车身变形的情况,提出在车架前端增加结构导向件、shotgun区域增加结构吸能和增加驾驶舱区域刚度等车体结构优化策略。仿真结果表明,车体结构评级由"poor"升至"acceptable",满足设计要求。
In order to access the structure safety performance of a SUV in small overlap frontal-impact test,a finite element model of small overlap frontal-impact test was established by LS-DYNA code according to small-overlap frontal-impact assessments by the American Institute for Highway Safety(IIHS). In small overlap frontal-impact test the front rail is not in the contact area between vehicle and barrier,the impact loads are transferred through tire and shotgun to A-pillar and sill,which result in serious deformation of the cockpit. The corresponding structure optimization strategies were proposed according to the characteristics of small overlap frontal-impact test and analysis result,which include aid guide structure parts on top of front frame,increase energy-absorbing parts in shotgun regional and enhance the stiffness of the cockpit area. The simulation results show that the body structure access rating was improved from "poor"to "acceptable",which meet the design requirements.
In order to access the structure safety performance of a SUV in small overlap frontal-impact test,a finite element model of small overlap frontal-impact test was established by LS-DYNA code according to small-overlap frontal-impact assessments by the American Institute for Highway Safety(IIHS). In small overlap frontal-impact test the front rail is not in the contact area between vehicle and barrier,the impact loads are transferred through tire and shotgun to A-pillar and sill,which result in serious deformation of the cockpit. The corresponding structure optimization strategies were proposed according to the characteristics of small overlap frontal-impact test and analysis result,which include aid guide structure parts on top of front frame,increase energy-absorbing parts in shotgun regional and enhance the stiffness of the cockpit area. The simulation results show that the body structure access rating was improved from "poor"to "acceptable",which meet the design requirements.
引文
[1]中国汽车技术研究中心.中国汽车安全发展报告(2014)[M].北京,社会科学文献出版社,2014:32-34.(China Automotive Technology and Research Center,Annual Report on Automobile Safety in China(2014)[M].Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press,2014:32-34.)
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[3]贾江伟.美国IIHS:39款车获最高安全评级[J].品质汽车,2014(1):128-129.(Jia Jing-wei.American IIHS:39 car models eligible for the highest safety rating[J].Quality Car,2014(1):128-129.)
[4]中国汽车技术研究中心.C-NCAP年鉴(2015)[M].天津:世界汽车杂志社,2015:32-39.(China Automotive Technology and Research Center,C-NACP Yearbook(2015)[M].Tianjing:World Car Magazine,2015:32-39.)
[5]肖峰,陈晓峰.IIHS小偏置碰撞位移导向策略与结构评估方法[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2013,4(4):322-333.(Xiao Feng,Chen Xiao-feng.One displacement oriented strategy and a structural assessment method for IIHS new sm all overlap crash tests[J].Automotive Safety and Energy,2013,4(4):322-333.)
[2]郭正辉,朱西产.汽车安全新挑战—小偏置正面碰撞[J].汽车与配件,2013,13(4):44-45.(Guo Zheng-hui,Zhu Xi-chan.Automotive safety new challenges-small overla p frontal-impact[J].Automotive and Accessories,2013,13(4):44-45.)
[3]贾江伟.美国IIHS:39款车获最高安全评级[J].品质汽车,2014(1):128-129.(Jia Jing-wei.American IIHS:39 car models eligible for the highest safety rating[J].Quality Car,2014(1):128-129.)
[4]中国汽车技术研究中心.C-NCAP年鉴(2015)[M].天津:世界汽车杂志社,2015:32-39.(China Automotive Technology and Research Center,C-NACP Yearbook(2015)[M].Tianjing:World Car Magazine,2015:32-39.)
[5]肖峰,陈晓峰.IIHS小偏置碰撞位移导向策略与结构评估方法[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2013,4(4):322-333.(Xiao Feng,Chen Xiao-feng.One displacement oriented strategy and a structural assessment method for IIHS new sm all overlap crash tests[J].Automotive Safety and Energy,2013,4(4):322-333.)