原油正反输送停输初始状态安全性分析
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摘要
为了明确原油正反输送过程中不同停输初始状态与停输安全性之间的关系,首先,通过分析正反输送一个周期管内原油的流动状态,创新性地将一个正反输周期划分为正输冷油控制阶段、正输热油控制阶段、反输冷油控制阶段、反输热油控制阶段四个运行阶段;然后,在分析不同阶段管道温降特点的基础上,从油温变化的角度对不同运行阶段停输初始状态的安全性进行定性分析;最后,定义描述正反输送工艺不同停输初始状态安全性的新变量"安全停输概率",从定量的角度对原油正反输送不同时刻停输初始状态的安全性进行分析。结果表明,安全停输概率为±0时,停输安全性最低;安全停输概率为±1时,停输安全性最高。
To define the relationship between initial state and safety of pipeline shutdown under the progress of forward and reverse transporting,the forward and reverse stages have been divided into 4 stages: forward cold oil control stage,forward hot oil control stage,reverse cold oil control stage,reverse hot oil control stage. And under the analysis of pipeline temperature drop on different running stages,qualitative analysis on safety of different initial state of pipeline shutdown is carried out from oil temperature changes. Lastly,a new variable"safe shutdown probability φ"is defined. Quantificationally,the initial state safety of pipeline shutdown on different moments of oil forward and reverse transporting is analyzed. It turns out that while safe shutdown probability is ± 0,shutdown is of the lowest safety; while safe shutdown probability is ±1,shutdown is of the highest safety.
To define the relationship between initial state and safety of pipeline shutdown under the progress of forward and reverse transporting,the forward and reverse stages have been divided into 4 stages: forward cold oil control stage,forward hot oil control stage,reverse cold oil control stage,reverse hot oil control stage. And under the analysis of pipeline temperature drop on different running stages,qualitative analysis on safety of different initial state of pipeline shutdown is carried out from oil temperature changes. Lastly,a new variable"safe shutdown probability φ"is defined. Quantificationally,the initial state safety of pipeline shutdown on different moments of oil forward and reverse transporting is analyzed. It turns out that while safe shutdown probability is ± 0,shutdown is of the lowest safety; while safe shutdown probability is ±1,shutdown is of the highest safety.
引文
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[19]杨显志.海底输油管道传热实验研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2007.Yang Xianzhi.Experiment Study on Heat Transfer of Submarine Oil Pipeline[D].Daqing:Daqing Petroleum Institute,2007.
[20]陈从磊,黄启玉,王乾坤.正反输送管道停输再启动数值模拟分析[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2015,28(2):77-82.Chen Conglei,Huang Qiyu,Wang Qiankun.Numerical Simulation Analysis of Shutdown and Restart Procedure in Normal and Opposite Direction Transportation Pipeline[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2015,28(2):77-82.
[2]金钰昕,姚安林,周刚,等.埋地热油管道正反输温降影响因素分析[J].天然气与石油,2018,36(4):8-12.Jin Yuxin,Yao Anlin,Zhou Gang,et al.Analysis of the Temperature Drop Influence Factors During the Process of Forward and Reverse Pumping of Buried Hot Oil Pipeline Based on SPS[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2018,36(4):8-12.
[3]谢鑫,陈国群,薛增伟,等.埋地热油管道正反输送非稳态热力计算[J].油气储运,2007,26(8):30-34.Xie Xin,Chen Guoqun,Xue Zengwei,et al.Non-Steady Thermal Calculation of Right and Reverse Transportation for Buried Oil Pipelines[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2007,26(8):30-34.
[4]姜笃志.输油管道非稳定热力过程数值分析[J].油气储运,1996,15(8):1-5.Jiang Duzhi.Numerical Analysis of Non-Steady Thermal Process for Oil Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1996,15(8):1-5.
[5]向秀平,杨振中.魏荆线低输量下加剂输送与正反输的经济分析[J].油气储运,1996,15(1):7-8.Xiang Xiuping,Yang Zhenzhong.Pour Depressant or Reverse Pumping?Which is More Economical for Wei-Jing Pipeline?[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,1996,15(1):7-8.
[6]魏立新,周刚,于航,等.基于相关向量机算法的埋地热油管道温降预测[J].数学的实践与认识,2016,46(11):143-148.Wei Lixin,Zhou Gang,Yu Hang,et al.Prediction for Temperature Drop of Buried Hot-Oil Pipeline Based on the Relevant Vector Machine[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2016,46(11):143-148.
[7]Jung Y,Hu J H.A K-fold Averaging Cross-Validation Procedure[J].Journal of Nonparametric Statistics,2015,27(2):167-179.
[8]周刚,张伟,杨林,等.寒区输油管道正反输温降规律分析[J].当代化工,2016,45(3):542-544.Zhou Gang,Zhang Wei,Yang Lin,et al.Analysis of the Temperature Drop During the Process of Right and Reverse Transportation in Cold Region[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2016,45(3):542-544.
[9]马伟平,李立,徐海红,等.任京输油管道加降凝剂正反输运行规律研究[J].油气储运,2006,25(2):27-30.Ma Weiping,Li Li,Xu Haihong,et al.Study on the Forward Transportation and Reverse Pumping Operation Law on PPD-Benefited Oil in Renjing Oil Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2006,25(2):27-30.
[10]周刚,赵健,王倩楠,等.含蜡热油管道总传热系数新模型的实验研究[J].天然气与石油,2016,34(4):1-6.Zhou Gang,Zhao Jian,Wang Qiannan,et al.Experimental Study for New Model of Total Heat Transfer Coefficient of Waxy Hot Pipeline[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2016,34(4):1-6.
[11]崔秀国,姜保良,郑月好,等.埋地热油管道停输温降的大型环道测试分析[J].油气储运,2009,28(7):59-62.Cui Xiuguo,Jiang Baoliang,Zheng Yuehao,et al.Large-Scale Flow Loop Experiment and Analysis on Temperature Drop of Buried Hot Oil Pipeline After Shutdown[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2009,28(7):59-62.
[12]Li Hongying,Zhang Jinjun,Song Chaofan,et al.The Influence of the Heating Temperature on the Yield Stress and Pour Point of Waxy Crude Oils[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,135:476-483.
[13]周刚.高含蜡原油管道低输量状态下的安全经济运行技术研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2017.Zhou Gang.Research on Safe and Economical Operation of High Waxy Crude Oil Pipeline Under Low-Flowrate[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2017.
[14]杨军,钟仕荣,王建华.热油管道不饱和输送工况下总传热系数的取值[J].油气储运,2006,25(3):55-57.Yang Jun,Zhong Shirong,Wang Jianhua.Determining the Total Heat Transfer Coefficient for Hot Oil Pipeline Under the Condition of Low Throughput[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2006,25(3):55-57.
[15]王云,马贵阳,赵梁,等.管道停输开挖过程传热数值计算[J].辽宁石油化工大学学报,2015,35(3):23-26.Wang Yun,Ma Guiyang,Zhao Liang,et al.The Numerical Calculation of Pipeline Heat Transfer During the Periods of Shut Down and Excavation[J].Journal of Liaoning Shihua University,2015,35(3):23-26.
[16]齐龙,曹放.埋地热油管道传热规律研究[J].当代化工,2015,44(10):2462-2464.Qi Long,Cao Fang.Study on Heat Transfer of Buried Hot Oil Pipeline[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2015,44(10):2462-2464.
[17]孙法峰,田旭东,尚义,等.西部某原油管道冬季安全运行总结与思考[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(2):18-22.Sun Fafeng,Tian Xudong,Shang Yi,et al.Summary and Thinking of Safe Operation of Certain Western Crude Oil Pipeline in Winter[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2015,33(2):18-22.
[18]王龙.埋地原油管道降温特性的大型环道试验研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2010.Wang Long.Experimental Research on Characteristic of Oil’s Temperature Decrease in Buried Pipe by Real Scale Flow Loop[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2010.
[19]杨显志.海底输油管道传热实验研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2007.Yang Xianzhi.Experiment Study on Heat Transfer of Submarine Oil Pipeline[D].Daqing:Daqing Petroleum Institute,2007.
[20]陈从磊,黄启玉,王乾坤.正反输送管道停输再启动数值模拟分析[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2015,28(2):77-82.Chen Conglei,Huang Qiyu,Wang Qiankun.Numerical Simulation Analysis of Shutdown and Restart Procedure in Normal and Opposite Direction Transportation Pipeline[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2015,28(2):77-82.