航天职工体重管理应用群管理模式初探
|
摘要
目的体重管理是健康管理必不可缺的一项内容,体重管理也有多种形式,多采用膳食管理或运动管理的单一方式。为了更好开展航天人群的体重管理,健康管理中心采用膳食与运动相结合的方式进行体重群管理,通过群管理形式总结经验,为进一步开展航天系统体重管理形成规范流程。方法 2016年7月份开始,在健康管理中心组建体重管理团队,由健康管理师、膳食管理师、运动管理师、医生、护士各一名组成,对86名超重或肥胖的航天自愿者,采用膳食与运动相结合的方式进行了3个月的群管理。饮食管理分为地中海膳食组、"5+2"轻断食组及限制能量(低GL)组,运动管理采用力量训练及有氧运动相结合的方式,在体重管理期间采用微信群、一对一指导、视频教学、集体课、业余相互交流等形式进行群管理,3个月后测量体成分及体适能等相关数据。结果通过3个月的体重管理,各膳食组体重、脂肪含量、肌肉含量、体脂率及腰臀比均有明显下降,参与者在膳食干预及运动干预的参与度越高,各项体成分的指标变化量越大,减重效果越好;体重管理团队在群管理时与参与者的沟通鼓励可以提高参与者的参与性。结论体重管理时群管理的模式是可行的;选择不同的膳食方式都是可行的;影响体重管理的主要因素,是参与者的主动性与参与性,主动性越高参与度越高,减重效果越好。
Objective Weight management is an essential part of health management.There are many ways in weight management such as diet management or exercise management.In order to better carry out the aerospace workers' weight management,health center adopts the way that is the combination of diet and exercise in weight management,and uses the group management to sum up experience.We can develop system of weight management deeply in order to form the standard process.Methods A weight management team consists of a health manager,a food manager,a sports manager,a doctor and a nurse.A combination of diet and exercise for 86 volunteers,who were overweight or obese,has been done in the form of three months' group management.The group of diet management is divided into three groups,namely,Mediterranean diet group," 5 + 2" light diet group and restricted energy(low GL) group.Exercise management consists of strength training and aerobic exercise.There are many ways in the group management such as We Chat,one-to-one instruction,video teaching,group class,and members' communication.Three months later,relevant data,body composition and body fitness were measured.Results According to the results of three months' weight management,the weight,fat content,muscle content,body fat ratio and waist-to-hip ratio of each group decreased significantly.The higher present rate in dietary intervention and exercise intervention,the greater the change in the index of various body components,and the better the weight loss effect.The communication between the team and volunteers can do good to participate actively in weight management.Conclusion Using group management and different diets is feasible in weight management.The main factors that affect weight management are the participants' initiative and participation.The higher the participation level,the better the reduction effect.
Objective Weight management is an essential part of health management.There are many ways in weight management such as diet management or exercise management.In order to better carry out the aerospace workers' weight management,health center adopts the way that is the combination of diet and exercise in weight management,and uses the group management to sum up experience.We can develop system of weight management deeply in order to form the standard process.Methods A weight management team consists of a health manager,a food manager,a sports manager,a doctor and a nurse.A combination of diet and exercise for 86 volunteers,who were overweight or obese,has been done in the form of three months' group management.The group of diet management is divided into three groups,namely,Mediterranean diet group," 5 + 2" light diet group and restricted energy(low GL) group.Exercise management consists of strength training and aerobic exercise.There are many ways in the group management such as We Chat,one-to-one instruction,video teaching,group class,and members' communication.Three months later,relevant data,body composition and body fitness were measured.Results According to the results of three months' weight management,the weight,fat content,muscle content,body fat ratio and waist-to-hip ratio of each group decreased significantly.The higher present rate in dietary intervention and exercise intervention,the greater the change in the index of various body components,and the better the weight loss effect.The communication between the team and volunteers can do good to participate actively in weight management.Conclusion Using group management and different diets is feasible in weight management.The main factors that affect weight management are the participants' initiative and participation.The higher the participation level,the better the reduction effect.
引文
[1]吴剑锋,边强.远程健康管理与疗养相结合的新健康服务[J].现代医院,2014,14(12):155-156.
[2]朱燕飞.孕期体重管理干预对妊娠结局及新生儿状况的影响[J].中华全科医学,2015,13(9):1465-1467.
[3]陶金凤.孕期营养干预及体重管理对妊娠结局的影响研究[J].中国实用医药,2017,12(14):136-138.
[4]张惠,杨爱玲.妊娠合并糖尿病孕期干预与妊娠结局关系的研究[J].山西医药杂志,2016,45(7):818-820.
[5]李晓惠.妊娠合并糖尿病及妊娠期糖尿病的临床治疗分析[J].中国社区医师,2017,33(23):137-139.
[6]HERNEZ,CASTAER O,ELOSUA R,et al.Mediterranean diet improves high-density lipoprotein function in high-cardiovascular-risk individuals:A randomized controlled trial[J].Circulation,2017,135(7):633-643.
[7]PETERSSON S D,PHILIPPOU E.Mediterranean diet,cognitive function,and dementia:a systematic review of the evidence[J].Adv Nutr,2016,7(5):889-904.
[8]BENETOU V,ORFANOS P,PETTERSSON-KYMMER U,et al.Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort[J].Osteoporos Int,2013,24(5):1587-1598.
[9]龙烨,龙琼,陶秀凤.“地中海饮食”对2型糖尿病患者的影响[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2015,36(14):2157-2158.
[10]MOSLEY M,SPENCER M.The fastdiet:lose weight,stay hemthy,and live longer with the simple secret of intermittent fasting[M].New York:Atria Books,2013:49-50.
[11]PATTERSON R E,LAUGHLIN G A,LACROIX A Z,et al.Intermittent fasting and human metabolic health[J].J Acad Nutr Diet,2015,115(8):1203-1212.
[12]CHENG C W,VILLANI V,BUONO R,et al.Fasting-mimicking diet promotes Ngn3-Drivenβ-Cell regeneration to reverse diabetes[J].Cell,2017,168(5):775-788.
[13]BARNOSKY A R,HODDY K K,UNTERMAN T G,et al.Intermittent fasting vs daily calorie restriction for type 2 diabetes prevention:a review of human findings[J].Transl Res,2014,164(4):302-311.
[14]何丽芸,孟桂云,陈卫星,等.低血糖生成指数联合低血糖生成负荷饮食对2型糖尿病患者氧化应激及人体测量学指标的影响[J].中国实用护理杂志,2017,33(5):347-351.
[15]火焱,陈德志,王昭玲.硫辛酸联合缬沙坦治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效及其对氧化应激的影响[J].中国基层医药,2014,21(4):489-491.
[16]王磊,姚民秀,张超,等.血糖负荷饮食教育对2型糖尿病患者代谢指标及氧化应激的影响[J].中国基层医药,2015,22(11):1751-1754.
[17]SALEHI-ABARGOUEI A,IZADI V,AZADBAKHT L.The effect of low calorie diet on adiponectin concentration:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Horm Metab Res,2015,47(8):549-555.
[18]HAFSTANG A D,BOARDMAN N,AASUM E.How exercise may amend metabolic disturbance in diabetic cardiomyopathy[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2015,22(17):1587-1605.
[19]姜继,夏小慧,王卉,等.不同运动干预方式对糖尿病前期人群血糖相关指标影响的Meta分析[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2017,33(2):189-192.
[20]ZHAN H Y,TANG X L,ZHEN D H.Effects of different types of exercise in the prevention and treatment of diabetes[J].Int J Endocrinol Metabol,2014,34(3):211-213.
[21]王正珍,王艳.有氧运动对糖尿病前期人群胰岛素敏感性的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(9):1-8.
[22]SIGAL R J,ALBERGA A S,GOLDFIELD G S,et al.Effects of aerobic training,resistance training,or both on percentage body fat and cardiometabolic risk mark-ers in obese adolescents:the healthy eating aerobic and resistance training in youth randomized clinical trial[J].JAMA Pediatrics,2014,168(11):1006-1014.
[23]张崇林,刘绍生,夏志,等.有氧运动和膳食干预改善代谢综合征大鼠脂质代谢的效果及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α介导的机制[J].中国康复理论与实践,2017,23(6):662-666.
[24]麻晓君,戴霞,陆丽荣,等.中等强度有氧和抗阻运动对超重及肥胖的糖调节受损患者血脂及胰岛素抵抗的影响[J].广西医科大学学报,2017,34(4):534-537.
[25]陈琼,曹杰,赵立君,等.不同运动方式对肥胖青少年身体成分,炎症因子和运动能力的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(5):1070-1075.
[26]张军,陆大江.有氧运动结合抗阻力量训练对中年女性身体成分和骨密度的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2016,36(18):4553-4556.
[2]朱燕飞.孕期体重管理干预对妊娠结局及新生儿状况的影响[J].中华全科医学,2015,13(9):1465-1467.
[3]陶金凤.孕期营养干预及体重管理对妊娠结局的影响研究[J].中国实用医药,2017,12(14):136-138.
[4]张惠,杨爱玲.妊娠合并糖尿病孕期干预与妊娠结局关系的研究[J].山西医药杂志,2016,45(7):818-820.
[5]李晓惠.妊娠合并糖尿病及妊娠期糖尿病的临床治疗分析[J].中国社区医师,2017,33(23):137-139.
[6]HERNEZ,CASTAER O,ELOSUA R,et al.Mediterranean diet improves high-density lipoprotein function in high-cardiovascular-risk individuals:A randomized controlled trial[J].Circulation,2017,135(7):633-643.
[7]PETERSSON S D,PHILIPPOU E.Mediterranean diet,cognitive function,and dementia:a systematic review of the evidence[J].Adv Nutr,2016,7(5):889-904.
[8]BENETOU V,ORFANOS P,PETTERSSON-KYMMER U,et al.Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort[J].Osteoporos Int,2013,24(5):1587-1598.
[9]龙烨,龙琼,陶秀凤.“地中海饮食”对2型糖尿病患者的影响[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2015,36(14):2157-2158.
[10]MOSLEY M,SPENCER M.The fastdiet:lose weight,stay hemthy,and live longer with the simple secret of intermittent fasting[M].New York:Atria Books,2013:49-50.
[11]PATTERSON R E,LAUGHLIN G A,LACROIX A Z,et al.Intermittent fasting and human metabolic health[J].J Acad Nutr Diet,2015,115(8):1203-1212.
[12]CHENG C W,VILLANI V,BUONO R,et al.Fasting-mimicking diet promotes Ngn3-Drivenβ-Cell regeneration to reverse diabetes[J].Cell,2017,168(5):775-788.
[13]BARNOSKY A R,HODDY K K,UNTERMAN T G,et al.Intermittent fasting vs daily calorie restriction for type 2 diabetes prevention:a review of human findings[J].Transl Res,2014,164(4):302-311.
[14]何丽芸,孟桂云,陈卫星,等.低血糖生成指数联合低血糖生成负荷饮食对2型糖尿病患者氧化应激及人体测量学指标的影响[J].中国实用护理杂志,2017,33(5):347-351.
[15]火焱,陈德志,王昭玲.硫辛酸联合缬沙坦治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效及其对氧化应激的影响[J].中国基层医药,2014,21(4):489-491.
[16]王磊,姚民秀,张超,等.血糖负荷饮食教育对2型糖尿病患者代谢指标及氧化应激的影响[J].中国基层医药,2015,22(11):1751-1754.
[17]SALEHI-ABARGOUEI A,IZADI V,AZADBAKHT L.The effect of low calorie diet on adiponectin concentration:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Horm Metab Res,2015,47(8):549-555.
[18]HAFSTANG A D,BOARDMAN N,AASUM E.How exercise may amend metabolic disturbance in diabetic cardiomyopathy[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2015,22(17):1587-1605.
[19]姜继,夏小慧,王卉,等.不同运动干预方式对糖尿病前期人群血糖相关指标影响的Meta分析[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2017,33(2):189-192.
[20]ZHAN H Y,TANG X L,ZHEN D H.Effects of different types of exercise in the prevention and treatment of diabetes[J].Int J Endocrinol Metabol,2014,34(3):211-213.
[21]王正珍,王艳.有氧运动对糖尿病前期人群胰岛素敏感性的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(9):1-8.
[22]SIGAL R J,ALBERGA A S,GOLDFIELD G S,et al.Effects of aerobic training,resistance training,or both on percentage body fat and cardiometabolic risk mark-ers in obese adolescents:the healthy eating aerobic and resistance training in youth randomized clinical trial[J].JAMA Pediatrics,2014,168(11):1006-1014.
[23]张崇林,刘绍生,夏志,等.有氧运动和膳食干预改善代谢综合征大鼠脂质代谢的效果及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α介导的机制[J].中国康复理论与实践,2017,23(6):662-666.
[24]麻晓君,戴霞,陆丽荣,等.中等强度有氧和抗阻运动对超重及肥胖的糖调节受损患者血脂及胰岛素抵抗的影响[J].广西医科大学学报,2017,34(4):534-537.
[25]陈琼,曹杰,赵立君,等.不同运动方式对肥胖青少年身体成分,炎症因子和运动能力的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(5):1070-1075.
[26]张军,陆大江.有氧运动结合抗阻力量训练对中年女性身体成分和骨密度的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2016,36(18):4553-4556.