利用小麦秸秆制备的保水剂性能研究
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摘要
[目的]以小麦秸秆纤维素接枝丙烯酸制备保水剂,并检测各因素对保水剂吸水性能的影响,探索制备保水剂的最佳反应条件,以期制备出成本低,降解性好,保水性高的新型保水剂。[方法]采用水溶液聚合法制备保水剂,并通过单因素试验和正交试验来确定最佳反应条件,对合成产物的吸液倍率、保水性能和表观形态进行测定与表征。[结果]温度为70℃,去离子水用量为160ml,2.0%N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)用量为9ml,引发剂(过硫酸钾:硫代硫酸钠=3∶1)与丙烯酸单体比为2.0%,丙烯酸中和度为70%,反应时间为1h,合成的保水剂具有较高的吸水或盐水倍率,1g保水剂吸0.9%NaCl溶液41.2g/g,吸去离子水430.9g/g。红外光谱分析和电镜扫描结果表明,保水剂胶体接枝聚合成功,胶体具有良好的表面形态。[结论]制备的保水剂吸液速率快、重复吸水效果较好。保水剂在氯化铁溶液中吸水倍率最高,达到113g/g。复合离子溶液中,在离子浓度为1g/L时吸水倍率最高达57g/g。
[Objective]In order to create an excellent water-holding material,using wheat straw as raw material,acrylic acid(AA)as graft monomers,the N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker and the potassium peroxydisulfate as free radical evocating agent,the super absorbent polymer was prepared by water solution polymerization.[Methods]The optimized reaction conditions were determined based on a single factor and an orthogonal experiment.In addition,the absorbency,retaining capacity and surface morphology of the obtained water retention agent in the experiment were characterized.[Results]Optimal reaction conditions were as follows:temperature 70℃,deionized water 160 ml,2%N,N-methylene double acrylamide solution9 ml,initiator accounted for acrylic monomer 2%,degree of neutralization of AA was 70%,reaction time was 1h.Under this experimental conditions,the water retention agent had stronger water absorbency,and the 1g dry super absorbent polymer can absorb water 41.2g/g in 0.9% NaCl solution and 430.9g/g in distilled water.The colloid graft polymerization of water retention agent was successful,and the surface morphology was good.[Conclusion]Super absorbent polymer has faster fluid and good characteristics of waterretention and reuse.The product can absorb water 113g/g in ferric chloride solution of the different ions solution and the maximum water absorption was 57g/g in compound ion solution.
[Objective]In order to create an excellent water-holding material,using wheat straw as raw material,acrylic acid(AA)as graft monomers,the N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker and the potassium peroxydisulfate as free radical evocating agent,the super absorbent polymer was prepared by water solution polymerization.[Methods]The optimized reaction conditions were determined based on a single factor and an orthogonal experiment.In addition,the absorbency,retaining capacity and surface morphology of the obtained water retention agent in the experiment were characterized.[Results]Optimal reaction conditions were as follows:temperature 70℃,deionized water 160 ml,2%N,N-methylene double acrylamide solution9 ml,initiator accounted for acrylic monomer 2%,degree of neutralization of AA was 70%,reaction time was 1h.Under this experimental conditions,the water retention agent had stronger water absorbency,and the 1g dry super absorbent polymer can absorb water 41.2g/g in 0.9% NaCl solution and 430.9g/g in distilled water.The colloid graft polymerization of water retention agent was successful,and the surface morphology was good.[Conclusion]Super absorbent polymer has faster fluid and good characteristics of waterretention and reuse.The product can absorb water 113g/g in ferric chloride solution of the different ions solution and the maximum water absorption was 57g/g in compound ion solution.
引文
[1]左广玲,叶红勇,李入林,等.利用大豆秸秆制备农用保水剂及其保水性能研究[J].河南农业科学,2010(4):50-52.
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[4]郭焱,李小燕,李存本,等.小麦秸秆制备农用高吸水性树脂[J].精细化工,2006,23(4):322-326.
[5]Qu Changsheng,Li Bing,Wu Haisuo,et al.Controlling air pollution from straw burning in China calls for efficient recycling[J].Environment Science Technology,2012,46(15):7934-7936.
[6]傅绪成,陈蒙,许庆庆,等.以大麻秸秆等废弃物为原料的农用保水剂制备研究[J].皖西学院学报,2015(5):116-120.
[7]吴文娟,倪志刚,耿晶晶,等.纤维素接枝改性制备高吸水性树脂的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(12):7-10.
[8]苗永刚,刘作新,尹光华,等.改性玉米秸秆制备农用保水剂及其性能研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(2):213-217.
[9]吴文娟.纤维素系高吸水性树脂的研究进展[J].纤维素科学与技术,2006,14(4):57-61.
[10]郭焕,刘国军,张桂霞,等.淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂的性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(3):119-121.
[11]孙琳,路乃群,王存国,等.K2S2O8-Na2S2O3引发淀粉与丙烯酸接枝产物吸水性能的主要影响因素[J].化工科技,2008,16(1):8-11.
[12]陈日清,储富祥,金立维,等.一种耐盐保水剂的制备及其性能研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(2):33-37.
[13]Lim K Y,Yoon K J,Kim B C.Highly absorbable lyocell fiber spun from celluloses/hydrolyzed starch-gPAN solution in NMMO monohydrate[J].European Polymer Journal,2003,39(11):2115-2120.
[14]白文波,张浣中,宋吉青,等.保水剂重复吸水性能的比较研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2010,12(3):92-97.
[2]Krul L P,Nareiko E I,Matusevich Y I,et al.Water super absorbents based on copolymers of acrylamide with sodium acrylate[J].Polymer Bulletin,2000,45(2):159-165.
[3]廖人宽,张志成,任树梅,等.化学集成调控技术对土壤水氮与玉米产量的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):166-171.
[4]郭焱,李小燕,李存本,等.小麦秸秆制备农用高吸水性树脂[J].精细化工,2006,23(4):322-326.
[5]Qu Changsheng,Li Bing,Wu Haisuo,et al.Controlling air pollution from straw burning in China calls for efficient recycling[J].Environment Science Technology,2012,46(15):7934-7936.
[6]傅绪成,陈蒙,许庆庆,等.以大麻秸秆等废弃物为原料的农用保水剂制备研究[J].皖西学院学报,2015(5):116-120.
[7]吴文娟,倪志刚,耿晶晶,等.纤维素接枝改性制备高吸水性树脂的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(12):7-10.
[8]苗永刚,刘作新,尹光华,等.改性玉米秸秆制备农用保水剂及其性能研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(2):213-217.
[9]吴文娟.纤维素系高吸水性树脂的研究进展[J].纤维素科学与技术,2006,14(4):57-61.
[10]郭焕,刘国军,张桂霞,等.淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂的性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(3):119-121.
[11]孙琳,路乃群,王存国,等.K2S2O8-Na2S2O3引发淀粉与丙烯酸接枝产物吸水性能的主要影响因素[J].化工科技,2008,16(1):8-11.
[12]陈日清,储富祥,金立维,等.一种耐盐保水剂的制备及其性能研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(2):33-37.
[13]Lim K Y,Yoon K J,Kim B C.Highly absorbable lyocell fiber spun from celluloses/hydrolyzed starch-gPAN solution in NMMO monohydrate[J].European Polymer Journal,2003,39(11):2115-2120.
[14]白文波,张浣中,宋吉青,等.保水剂重复吸水性能的比较研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2010,12(3):92-97.