基于双侧磁链观测差的海上双馈风力发电机转子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识
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摘要
海上双馈风力发电机(doubly fed induction generator,DFIG)维护困难,对故障辨识精准度要求较陆上更高。转差功率使得DFIG在接近同步速运行工况时,转子绕组匝间故障特征十分薄弱,辨识困难。提出以双侧磁链观测差为特征量的海上DFIG转子绕组匝间短路早期故障的辨识方法。根据DFIG转子绕组匝间短路故障机理,推导得到匝间短路时双侧磁链观测差的表达式。通过仿真验证了该特征量对于转差变化和转速测量误差的鲁棒性。仿真和实验分析结果表明,双侧磁链观测差对于双馈电机转子绕组的早期故障辨识具有高灵敏性和高可靠性,为海上双馈风机转子匝间短路的精确辨识提供技术支撑。
The offshore wind turbine generators(DFIG) are difficult to maintain caused by their low accessibility, so the accuracy of fault identification is higher than onshore DFIGs.The slip power makes the fault characteristics very weak and difficult to identify when DFIGs are close to synchronous speed operation. An identification method was proposed for early faults of inter-turn short-circuit in rotor windings of offshore DFIGs, which was characterized by the differential value of(two-side linkage's observation,TSLO). According to the mechanism of the short-circuit fault in the DFIG rotor windings, the expression of the differential value of TSLO in the inter-turn short circuit was derived. Then the robustness of the fault feature to the slip variation and the rotational speed measurement error is verified by simulation. The simulation and experimental results show that the differential value of TSLO has high sensitivity and high reliability for the early fault identification of the rotor windings in DFIGs, which provides technical support for the accurate identification of the inter-turn short circuit of the rotor windings in DFIGs.
The offshore wind turbine generators(DFIG) are difficult to maintain caused by their low accessibility, so the accuracy of fault identification is higher than onshore DFIGs.The slip power makes the fault characteristics very weak and difficult to identify when DFIGs are close to synchronous speed operation. An identification method was proposed for early faults of inter-turn short-circuit in rotor windings of offshore DFIGs, which was characterized by the differential value of(two-side linkage's observation,TSLO). According to the mechanism of the short-circuit fault in the DFIG rotor windings, the expression of the differential value of TSLO in the inter-turn short circuit was derived. Then the robustness of the fault feature to the slip variation and the rotational speed measurement error is verified by simulation. The simulation and experimental results show that the differential value of TSLO has high sensitivity and high reliability for the early fault identification of the rotor windings in DFIGs, which provides technical support for the accurate identification of the inter-turn short circuit of the rotor windings in DFIGs.
引文
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[17]李俊卿,沈亮印.基于定子平均瞬时功率频谱特性的双馈风力发电机转子匝间短路的仿真分析[J].电机与控制应用,2016,43(8):88-92,103.Li Junqing,Shen Liangyin.Simulation analysis of doubly fed induction generator rotor inter-turn short circuits based on stator average instantaneous power spectrum characteristics[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2016,43(8):88-92,103(in Chinese).
[18]张旭,瞿文龙.一种低速下磁链观测补偿的新方法[J].电工电能新技术,2003,22(3):50-54.Zhang Xu,Qu Wenlong.A novel compensation method of stator flux estimating in low speed region[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2003,22(3):50-54.
[19]魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于拟序阻抗的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):273-281.Wei Shurong,Zhang Lu,Fu Yang,et al.Early fault detection based on the Quasi-sequence Impedance for Inter-turn faults in stator windings of offshore wind DFIG[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):273-281(in Chinese).
[2]Fox B.The offshore grid:The future of America's offshore wind energy potential[J].Ecology Law Quarterly,2015,42(3):651-698.
[3]傅质馨,袁越.海上风电机组状态监控技术研究现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(21):121-129.Fu Zhixin,Yuan Yue.Status and prospects on condition monitoring technologies of offshore wind turbine[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(21):121-129(in Chinese).
[4]陈雪峰,李继猛,程航,等.风力发电机状态监测和故障诊断技术的研究与进展[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(9):45-52.Chen Xuefeng,Li Jimeng,Cheng Hang,et al.Research and application of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology in wind turbines[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(9):45-52(in Chinese).
[5]Wei Shurong,Zhang Lu,Xu Yao,et al.Hierarchical optimization for the double-sided ring structure of the collector system planning of large offshore wind farms[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(3):1029-1039.
[6]徐海亮,章玮,贺益康,等.双馈型风电机组低电压穿越技术要点及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):8-15.Xu Hailiang,Zhang Wei,He Yikang,et al.A review on low voltage ride-through technologies and prospect for DFIG wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):8-15(in Chinese).
[7]魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于派克矢量轨迹椭圆度的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):3001-3009.Wei Shurong,Zhang Lu,Fu Yang,et al.Early Fault detection based on the park’s vector locus ovality for inter-turn faults in stator windings of the offshore wind DFIG[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):3001-3009(in Chinese).
[8]马宏忠,张志艳,张志新,等.双馈异步发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断研究[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(11):50-54.Ma Hongzhong,Zhang Zhiyan,Zhang Zhixin,et al.Research on DFIG stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(11):50-54(in Chinese).
[9]方芳,杨士元,侯新国,等.派克矢量旋转变换在感应电机定子故障诊断中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(12):99-103.Fang Fang,Yang Shiyuan,Hou Xinguo,et al.Application of park’s vector rotating transformation for stator fault diagnosis in induction motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(12):99-103(in Chinese).
[10]刘沛津,谷立臣.异步电机负序分量融合方法及其在定子匝间短路故障诊断中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(15):119-123.Liu Peijin,Gu Lichen.A negative sequence component fusion method and its applications in diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit faults in induction motor stator windings[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(15):119-123(in Chinese).
[11]Abadi M B,Cruz S M A,Con?alves A P,et al.Detection of stator and rotor faults in a DFIG based on the stator reactive power analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.Dallas,USA:IEEE,2014:362-371.
[12]Cheng Siwei,Zhang Pinjia,Habetler T G.An impedance identification approach to sensitive detection and location of stator turn-to-turn faults in a closed-loop multiple-motor drive[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(5):1545-1554.
[13]武玉才,李永刚,万书亭.基于振幅和相角变化的转子匝间短路故障诊断研究[J].华北电力大学学报:自然科学版,2007,34(6):6-10.Wu Yucai,Li Yonggang,Wan Shuting.Rotor inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis based on the change of amplitude and phase angle[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University:Natural Science Edition,2007,34(6):6-10(in Chinese).
[14]万书亭,李和明,李永刚.转子匝间短路对发电机定转子振动特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(10):122-126.Wan Shuting,Li Heming,Li Yonggang.Analysis of generator vibration characteristic on rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(10):122-126(in Chinese).
[15]郝亮亮,孙宇光,邱阿瑞,等.隐极发电机励磁绕组匝间短路故障定位及短路匝数估算[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(21):85-92.Hao Liangliang,Sun Yuguang,Qiu Arui,et al.Fault location and short circuit turns estimation of inter-turn short circuits of field windings in non-salient-pole synchronous generator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(21):85-92(in Chinese).
[16]李俊卿,王栋.双馈感应发电机转子匝间短路时定子电流谐波分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):71-76.Li Junqing,Wang Dong.Analysis on stator current harmonics characteristics with rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault in DFIG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):71-76(in Chinese).
[17]李俊卿,沈亮印.基于定子平均瞬时功率频谱特性的双馈风力发电机转子匝间短路的仿真分析[J].电机与控制应用,2016,43(8):88-92,103.Li Junqing,Shen Liangyin.Simulation analysis of doubly fed induction generator rotor inter-turn short circuits based on stator average instantaneous power spectrum characteristics[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2016,43(8):88-92,103(in Chinese).
[18]张旭,瞿文龙.一种低速下磁链观测补偿的新方法[J].电工电能新技术,2003,22(3):50-54.Zhang Xu,Qu Wenlong.A novel compensation method of stator flux estimating in low speed region[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2003,22(3):50-54.
[19]魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于拟序阻抗的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):273-281.Wei Shurong,Zhang Lu,Fu Yang,et al.Early fault detection based on the Quasi-sequence Impedance for Inter-turn faults in stator windings of offshore wind DFIG[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):273-281(in Chinese).