基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统设计
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摘要
针对电子测量中如何对基频较高而频率变化值较小的动态信号进行高精度频率测量的问题,引入了差频测量的方法。该文提出一种新型的动态可调的多级差频电路结构,设计了基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统,通过在FPGA上设计快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法来实现系统的数据处理功能。仿真结果表明,在满足差频条件的基础上,合理设计多级差频电路的结构能够实现高精度频率测量,在进行信号频谱分析时能得到较为准确的结果。实验验证了该测量系统能够实现快速FFT运算,相比于MATLAB软件平台,在数据处理效率上有明显的优势;同时在性能指标满足数据采集要求的前提下,系统可动态调整FFT模型的结构来适应不同规模点数FFT运算的需求。
For the problem of high precision frequency measurement of dynamic signals with high fundamental frequency and small frequency change value in electronic measurement, a method of differential frequencymeasurement is introduced. A novel dynamic adjustable multi-stage frequency-difference circuit structure isproposed. The fast differential frequency measurement system based on FPGA is used to design the FastFourier Transform(FFT) algorithm on the FPGA to realize the data processing function of the system. Thesimulation and experimental results show that the structure of the multi-stage differential frequency circuit canbe designed with high precision frequency, and the result can be obtained when the spectrum analysis is carriedout. The system can realize the fast FFT operation. Compared with the MATLAB software platform, thesystem has obvious advantages in the efficiency of data processing. The structure of the FFT model can bedynamically adjusted to meet the requirements of FFT operation of different scale points, and the system performance index can meet the requirements of data acquisition system.
For the problem of high precision frequency measurement of dynamic signals with high fundamental frequency and small frequency change value in electronic measurement, a method of differential frequencymeasurement is introduced. A novel dynamic adjustable multi-stage frequency-difference circuit structure isproposed. The fast differential frequency measurement system based on FPGA is used to design the FastFourier Transform(FFT) algorithm on the FPGA to realize the data processing function of the system. Thesimulation and experimental results show that the structure of the multi-stage differential frequency circuit canbe designed with high precision frequency, and the result can be obtained when the spectrum analysis is carriedout. The system can realize the fast FFT operation. Compared with the MATLAB software platform, thesystem has obvious advantages in the efficiency of data processing. The structure of the FFT model can bedynamically adjusted to meet the requirements of FFT operation of different scale points, and the system performance index can meet the requirements of data acquisition system.
引文
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[14]黄志洪,李威,杨立群,等.一种基于与非锥簇架构FPGA输入交叉互连设计优化方法[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(9):2397-2404.doi:10.11999/JEIT151216.HUANG Zhihong,LI Wei,YANG Liqun,et al.An input crossbar optimization method for and-inveter cone based FPGA[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(9):2397-2404.doi:10.11999/JEIT151216.
[15]苏斌,刘畅,潘志刚.基于FPGA的高速浮点FFT/IFFT处理器设计与实现[J].中国科学院大学学报,2015,32(2):259-263.doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016.SU Bin,LIU Chang,and PAN Zhigang.Design and implementation on high-speed floating points FFT processor based on FPGA[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015,32(2):259-263.doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016.
[16]施佺,韩赛飞,黄新明,等.面向全同态加密的有限域FFT算法FPGA设计[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(1):57-62.doi:10.11999/JEIT170312.SHI Quan,HAN Saifei,HUANG Xinming,et al.Design of finite field FFT for fully homomorphic encryption based on FPGA[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2018,40(1):57-62.doi:10.11999/JEIT170312.
[2]冯冠平.谐振传感理论及器件[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:35-40.FENG Guanping.Resonant Sensor Theory and Device[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008:35-40.
[3]樊养余,李利品,党瑞荣.基于随机共振的任意大频率微弱信号检测方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(3):566-572.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2013.03.013.FAN Yangyu,LI Lipin,and Dang Ruirong.Study on high frequency weak signal detection method based on stochastic resonance[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(3):566-572.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2013.03.013.
[4]王盟盟,董瑞芳,项晓,等.基于外差检测原理的绝对测距性能理论研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(8):1861-1868.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2016.08.018.WANG Mengmeng,DONG Ruifang,XIANG Xiao,et al.Theoretical research for absolute distance measurement based on heterodyne detection principle[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2016,37(8):1861-1868.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2016.08.018.
[5]刘婉茹,叶建芳,孙一萍.基于Multisim乘法器混频电路的仿真研究[J].微型电脑应用,2016,32(10):48-50.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-757X.2016.10.014.LIU Wanru,YE Jianfang,and SUN Yiping.Simulation and study of multiplier mixer circuit based on multism[J].Microcomputer Applications,2016,32(10):48-50.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-757X.2016.10.014.
[6]LIN Ningning,MENG Xiaofeng,and NIE Jing.Dew point calibration system using a quartz crystal sensor with a differential frequency method[J].Sensors,2016,16(11):1944-1948.doi:10.3390/s16111944.
[7]程坤,黄庆安,秦明,等.一种简单实用的差频方法原理研究及应用[J].电子器件,2006,29(2):473-475.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2006.02.046.CHENG Kun,HUANG Qingan,QIN Ming,et al.Simple method of improving the differential frequency using D flipflop[J].Chinese Journal of Electron Devices,2006,29(2):473-475.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2006.02.046.
[8]徐洋洋.基于FPGA的多通道大容量FIFO设计[J].电子测量技术,2017,40(8):193-197.doi:10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2017.08.043.XU Yangyang.Design of multi-channel FIFO with mass storage facility based on FPGA[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2017,40(8):193-197.doi:10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2017.08.043.
[9]梁晨,赵邦信.基于FPGA和DDR3 SDRAM的大规模查找表设计与实现[J].电子器件,2017,40(4):849-855.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2017.04.014.LIANG Chen and ZHAO Bangxin.Design of large-scale look-up table based on FPGA and DDR3 SDRAM[J].Chinese Journal of Electron Devices,2017,40(4):849-855.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2017.04.014.
[10]梁华国,孙红云,孙骏,等.一种基于FPGA的微处理器软错误敏感性分析方法[J].电子与信息学报,2017,39(1):245-249.doi:10.11999/JEIT.160225.LIANG Huaguo,SUN Hongyun,SUN Jun,et al.FPGA-based soft error sensitivity analysis method for microprocessor[J].Journal of Electronics&InformationTechnology,2017,39(1):245-249.doi:10.11999/JEIT.160225.
[11]WANG Jiawei,YU Le,and YANG Haigang.FPGA based multi-channel variable-length FFT implementation[J].Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology,2017,15(3):469-474.doi:10.11805/TKYDA201703.0469.
[12]陈杰男,费超,袁建生,等.超高速全并行快速傅里叶变换器[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(9):2410-2414.doi:10.11999/JEIT160036.CHEN Jienan,FEI Chao,YUAN Jiansheng,et al.An ultrahigh-speed fully-parallel fast fourier transform design[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(9):2410-2414.doi:10.11999/JEIT160036.
[13]CHEN Jiyang,YUAN Wulei,YUAN Xipeng,et al.Configurable floating-point FFT accelerator on FPGAbased multiple-rotation CORDIC[J].Chinese Journal of Electronics,2016,25(6):1063-1070.doi:10.1049/cje.2016.08.002.
[14]黄志洪,李威,杨立群,等.一种基于与非锥簇架构FPGA输入交叉互连设计优化方法[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(9):2397-2404.doi:10.11999/JEIT151216.HUANG Zhihong,LI Wei,YANG Liqun,et al.An input crossbar optimization method for and-inveter cone based FPGA[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(9):2397-2404.doi:10.11999/JEIT151216.
[15]苏斌,刘畅,潘志刚.基于FPGA的高速浮点FFT/IFFT处理器设计与实现[J].中国科学院大学学报,2015,32(2):259-263.doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016.SU Bin,LIU Chang,and PAN Zhigang.Design and implementation on high-speed floating points FFT processor based on FPGA[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015,32(2):259-263.doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016.
[16]施佺,韩赛飞,黄新明,等.面向全同态加密的有限域FFT算法FPGA设计[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(1):57-62.doi:10.11999/JEIT170312.SHI Quan,HAN Saifei,HUANG Xinming,et al.Design of finite field FFT for fully homomorphic encryption based on FPGA[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2018,40(1):57-62.doi:10.11999/JEIT170312.