水合物储运天然气技术研究进展
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摘要
水合物储运天然气技术涉及水合物快速合成、安全运输以及高效分解三个主要环节。在水合物快速合成技术研究方面,主要通过对比不同添加剂对水合物合成的促进效果,优选适用于不同实验条件的水合物快速合成促进剂;此外,还通过研制新型水合物快速合成装置与方法,提高了搅拌法、喷淋法与鼓泡法合成水合物的效率。在水合物安全储运方面,已由早期直接将水合物储存于储运船舱体演化为将水合物储存于独立的水合物储运单元,研制了多种类型的水合物储运装置,为水合物装卸与再气化提供了便利。同时,还探索了水合物储运天然气技术的经济性。天然气的常用储运技术与水合物储运技术的对比研究揭示,水合物储运技术具有经济可行性,而且该技术对温压条件要求不高,在安全性方面也具有优势。因此,水合物储运天然气技术具有良好应用前景,值得重视。
The hydrate-based technology for transporting natural gas involves 3 major steps, e.g. the rapid synthesis, the safe transportation and the high efficiency decomposition of gas hydrates. The research on the rapid synthesis of gas hydrate has made great achievements mainly in optimizing the suitable chemical additives for different experimental conditions through analyzing the effects of various chemical additives on the synthesis of gas hydrate, and in improving the gas hydrate synthesis efficiency of the stirring, water spraying and bubbling processes through developing the new gas hydrate synthesis devices and methods. The safe transportation of gas hydrate is realized by storing gas hydrate into the independent gas hydrate storage units nowadays as opposed to storing gas hydrate directly in the cabin of the carrier ship in the early research stage, and various types of independent gas hydrate storage devices have been developed, providing convenience for loading, unloading and regasifying the gas hydrates. Meanwhile, the economic feasibility of the hydrate-based technology has also been preliminarily explored. The comparison analysis of the estimated transportation costs for the gas hydrate-based transportation technology and the currently used natural gas transportation technologies indicates that the hydrate-based technology has economic feasibility when used for natural gas transportation. In addition, the transportation of gas hydrate does not require extremely high pressure and low temperature since gas hydrate can keep stable in a rather wide temperature and pressure range, resulting in the security advantage of this technology. Therefore, the hydrate-based technology has a bright application prospect, which is worth enough attention.
The hydrate-based technology for transporting natural gas involves 3 major steps, e.g. the rapid synthesis, the safe transportation and the high efficiency decomposition of gas hydrates. The research on the rapid synthesis of gas hydrate has made great achievements mainly in optimizing the suitable chemical additives for different experimental conditions through analyzing the effects of various chemical additives on the synthesis of gas hydrate, and in improving the gas hydrate synthesis efficiency of the stirring, water spraying and bubbling processes through developing the new gas hydrate synthesis devices and methods. The safe transportation of gas hydrate is realized by storing gas hydrate into the independent gas hydrate storage units nowadays as opposed to storing gas hydrate directly in the cabin of the carrier ship in the early research stage, and various types of independent gas hydrate storage devices have been developed, providing convenience for loading, unloading and regasifying the gas hydrates. Meanwhile, the economic feasibility of the hydrate-based technology has also been preliminarily explored. The comparison analysis of the estimated transportation costs for the gas hydrate-based transportation technology and the currently used natural gas transportation technologies indicates that the hydrate-based technology has economic feasibility when used for natural gas transportation. In addition, the transportation of gas hydrate does not require extremely high pressure and low temperature since gas hydrate can keep stable in a rather wide temperature and pressure range, resulting in the security advantage of this technology. Therefore, the hydrate-based technology has a bright application prospect, which is worth enough attention.
引文
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