面向绿色化工应用的陶瓷催化膜反应器的设计与制备
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摘要
催化膜反应器将反应和分离耦合在一个单元,在化工生产中被视为一种绿色的化工新工艺。而在催化膜反应器中采用陶瓷膜可以使膜反应器的应用范围扩展到一些苛刻环境。本文介绍了基于气体分离的致密陶瓷催化膜反应器和基于非均相体系分离的多孔陶瓷催化膜反应器,评述了近10年两种不同种类的膜反应器的最新进展以及本课题组的相关工作。面向能源、环境领域的应用,对膜反应器的设计、制备及应用展开重点讨论。针对各个膜反应器,从膜及膜反应器构型入手,以典型的催化反应为例,对膜反应器的设计及优化进行详细论述,最后探讨了进一步发展所面临的瓶颈和可能取得突破的方向,以及膜与膜反应器未来发展应重点关注的领域。
Catalytic membrane reactors(CMRs), which synergistically carry out separations and reactions, are expected to become a green and sustainable technology in chemical engineering. The use of ceramic membranes in CMRs is being widely considered because it permits reactions and separations to be carried out under harsh conditions in terms of both temperature and the chemical environment. This article presents the two most important types of CMRs: those based on dense mixed-conducting membranes for gas separation, and those based on porous ceramic membranes for heterogeneous catalytic processes.New developments in and innovative uses of both types of CMRs over the last decade are presented, along with an overview of our recent work in this field. Membrane reactor design, fabrication, and applications related to energy and environmental areas are highlighted. First, the configuration of membranes and membrane reactors are introduced for each of type of membrane reactor. Next, taking typical catalytic reactions as model systems, the design and optimization of CMRs are illustrated. Finally, challenges and difficulties in the process of industrializing the two types of CMRs are addressed, and a view of the future is outlined.
Catalytic membrane reactors(CMRs), which synergistically carry out separations and reactions, are expected to become a green and sustainable technology in chemical engineering. The use of ceramic membranes in CMRs is being widely considered because it permits reactions and separations to be carried out under harsh conditions in terms of both temperature and the chemical environment. This article presents the two most important types of CMRs: those based on dense mixed-conducting membranes for gas separation, and those based on porous ceramic membranes for heterogeneous catalytic processes.New developments in and innovative uses of both types of CMRs over the last decade are presented, along with an overview of our recent work in this field. Membrane reactor design, fabrication, and applications related to energy and environmental areas are highlighted. First, the configuration of membranes and membrane reactors are introduced for each of type of membrane reactor. Next, taking typical catalytic reactions as model systems, the design and optimization of CMRs are illustrated. Finally, challenges and difficulties in the process of industrializing the two types of CMRs are addressed, and a view of the future is outlined.
引文
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