活塞结构参数对裙部磨损状况的影响研究
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摘要
为了减小活塞裙部磨损、提高活塞运行的稳定可靠性,以Ricardo公司的Pisdyn软件为模拟计算工具,以某款柴油机为研究对象,建立一个包含活塞、连杆、缸套等组件的综合考虑表面粗糙度、活塞和缸套热及弹性变形影响的多体动力学模型,研究了配缸间隙、活塞销偏置、中凸点高度、裙部顶端间隙等参数对活塞磨损的影响规律,为活塞的结构设计提供了理论指导。研究结果表明:增大配缸间隙,会减小裙部磨损,但增加过大时,会引起裙部顶端和低端的磨损;随着活塞销偏置由次推力面向主推力面的移动,裙部最大磨损载荷逐渐增大,同时导致主推力面磨损区域向下移动,次推力面磨损区域向上移动;随着中凸点高度的增加,裙部磨损最严重的区域向顶端移动;增大裙部顶端间隙,会使得裙部磨损载荷逐渐减小,主推力面和次推力面磨损区域均向下移动;增大裙部型线上指数,裙部两侧磨损载荷均呈现增大的趋势,主推力面磨损区域向下移动,次推力面磨损区域向上移动;裙部底端间隙和型线下指数对活塞磨损的影响较小。
In order to reduce the wear of piston skirt,and improve the reliability of piston motion,the software of Pisdyn from Ricardo company is took as simulation tool. Take a diesel engine as an example,a multi-body dynamic model containing connecting rod,piston,cylinder and other components is established with a consideration of surface roughness,thermal and elastic deformation of piston and cylinder liner,and the effection of several parameters on the wear of piston skirt is studied,such as cylinder clearance,piston pin offset,bump height of skirt profile,skirt top clearance,etc,and the theoretical guidance for the piston structural design is provided. The research show that increasing the cylinder clearance will weaken skirt wear,but it will cause the wear of the top and bottom of skirt when the increment is too large. With the shift of piston pin offset from the thrust surface to anti-thrust surface,the skirt maximum wear load is gradually increased,and it will result in the wear region of thrust surface move down,and the anti-thrust surface move up. With the increase of bump height,the most serious wear areas of skirt moves toward top. Increasing the skirt top clearance will make the skirt wear load decrease,and the wear regions of thrust and anti-thrust surface move downward. Increasing skirt profile top index will aggravate the wear load of both sides in skirt,and make the wear regions of thrust surface move down,and the anti-thrust surface move up. The effection of skirt bottom clearance and profile bottom index on the piston wear is less.
In order to reduce the wear of piston skirt,and improve the reliability of piston motion,the software of Pisdyn from Ricardo company is took as simulation tool. Take a diesel engine as an example,a multi-body dynamic model containing connecting rod,piston,cylinder and other components is established with a consideration of surface roughness,thermal and elastic deformation of piston and cylinder liner,and the effection of several parameters on the wear of piston skirt is studied,such as cylinder clearance,piston pin offset,bump height of skirt profile,skirt top clearance,etc,and the theoretical guidance for the piston structural design is provided. The research show that increasing the cylinder clearance will weaken skirt wear,but it will cause the wear of the top and bottom of skirt when the increment is too large. With the shift of piston pin offset from the thrust surface to anti-thrust surface,the skirt maximum wear load is gradually increased,and it will result in the wear region of thrust surface move down,and the anti-thrust surface move up. With the increase of bump height,the most serious wear areas of skirt moves toward top. Increasing the skirt top clearance will make the skirt wear load decrease,and the wear regions of thrust and anti-thrust surface move downward. Increasing skirt profile top index will aggravate the wear load of both sides in skirt,and make the wear regions of thrust surface move down,and the anti-thrust surface move up. The effection of skirt bottom clearance and profile bottom index on the piston wear is less.
引文
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[4]Ricardo GmbH.Ricardo Software Piston Simulation Tools,Pisdyn Documentation/User Manual Version 5.2.1[M].London,England:Ricardo Gmb H,2011.
[5]俞小莉,郑飞,严兆大.内燃机气缸体内表面稳态传热边界条件的研究[J].内燃机学报,1987(4):42-50.(Yu Xiao-li,Zheng Fei,Yan Zhao-da.The researeh of the boundary conditions of steady thermal conduetion on the inner surface of cylinder in internal combustion engines[J].Transactions of CSICE,1987(4):42-50.)
[6]雷基林.增压柴油机活塞三维有限元分析及温度场试验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2005.(Lei Ji-lin.The 3-D finite element analysis and temperature field experimental research of turboeharged diesel engine piston[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2005.)
[7]景国玺.活塞组多物理场耦合非线性问题及环组机油消耗改进设计研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.(Jing Guo-xi.Research on multi-phvsical coupling nonlinear problem and improved design of ring-pack lubricating oil consumption[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.)
[2]Ajay P J,Agarwal V K.Effect of design and operational parameters of piston skirt on the performance and efficiency of a small gasoline engine[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1961,15(2):196-202.
[3]熊培友,章健,刘世英.发动机活塞销孔偏心对摩擦磨损影响的研究[J].内燃机工程,2015.(Xiong Pei-you,Zhang Jian,Liu Shi-ying.Wear and friction characteristic research due to engine piston pin hole offset[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2015.)
[4]Ricardo GmbH.Ricardo Software Piston Simulation Tools,Pisdyn Documentation/User Manual Version 5.2.1[M].London,England:Ricardo Gmb H,2011.
[5]俞小莉,郑飞,严兆大.内燃机气缸体内表面稳态传热边界条件的研究[J].内燃机学报,1987(4):42-50.(Yu Xiao-li,Zheng Fei,Yan Zhao-da.The researeh of the boundary conditions of steady thermal conduetion on the inner surface of cylinder in internal combustion engines[J].Transactions of CSICE,1987(4):42-50.)
[6]雷基林.增压柴油机活塞三维有限元分析及温度场试验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2005.(Lei Ji-lin.The 3-D finite element analysis and temperature field experimental research of turboeharged diesel engine piston[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2005.)
[7]景国玺.活塞组多物理场耦合非线性问题及环组机油消耗改进设计研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.(Jing Guo-xi.Research on multi-phvsical coupling nonlinear problem and improved design of ring-pack lubricating oil consumption[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.)