高海拔山区像控点分布对测量精度的影响分析
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摘要
低空无人机摄影测量具有快速获取地面高分辨率影像、使用方便灵活等优点。影响无人机摄影测量精度的因素有很多,本文重点研究不同像控点的布设对测量精度的分析。试验选取的地点地形变化复杂,高差变化明显,是高海拔山区的典型地形,利用SVSUAV软件对获取的影像处理后得到空三平差、数字正射影像以及数字线画图等成果,与GPS-RTK实测数据对比得出空三平差后各检查点的坐标差值,本次实验共布设三种像控点布设方案,分别是航线网法、区域网法和优化航线网区域网法的布设方案。分析得出的结论是,优化方案有效合理,对于高海拔山区无人机摄影测量精度有明显提高,在小面积无人机测绘作业中有很大优势。
Low altitude UAV photogrammetry has the advantages of quick acquisition of high resolution images on the ground, convenient and flexible use. There are many factors that affect the accuracy of drone's photogrammetry. This paper focuses on the analysis of the measurement accuracy of the layout of different image control points. The terrain changes in the site of the test are complex and the height difference is obvious. It is a typical terrain in high altitude mountain area. By using the SVSUAV software, the results of the empty three plane difference, the Digital Orthophoto Image and the digital line drawing after the acquired image processing are obtained, and the difference of the coordinates of each checkpoint after the empty three plane difference is compared with the measured data from the GPS-RTK. In the second experiment, three image control points were set up, namely, the route grid method, the area grid method and the optimized grid area grid method. The conclusion of the analysis is that the optimization scheme is effective and reasonable, and the accuracy of photogrammetry for high-altitude mountain drones is significantly improved, and it has great advantages in the small-area drone surveying operations.
Low altitude UAV photogrammetry has the advantages of quick acquisition of high resolution images on the ground, convenient and flexible use. There are many factors that affect the accuracy of drone's photogrammetry. This paper focuses on the analysis of the measurement accuracy of the layout of different image control points. The terrain changes in the site of the test are complex and the height difference is obvious. It is a typical terrain in high altitude mountain area. By using the SVSUAV software, the results of the empty three plane difference, the Digital Orthophoto Image and the digital line drawing after the acquired image processing are obtained, and the difference of the coordinates of each checkpoint after the empty three plane difference is compared with the measured data from the GPS-RTK. In the second experiment, three image control points were set up, namely, the route grid method, the area grid method and the optimized grid area grid method. The conclusion of the analysis is that the optimization scheme is effective and reasonable, and the accuracy of photogrammetry for high-altitude mountain drones is significantly improved, and it has great advantages in the small-area drone surveying operations.
引文
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[3]何文林,郭文.航空摄影测量像片控制点布设方案研究[J].四川测绘,2003(01):4 3-48.
[4]卢晓攀.无人机低空摄影测量成图精度实证研究[D].硕士论文,2014.06.
[5]田超.基于无人机的低空数码航摄系统集成研究[D].硕士论文,2014.06.
[6]程多祥.无人机移动测量数据快速获取与处理[M].测绘出版社,2015.9.
[7]张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社.1997.
[8]王家杰.无人机低空摄影测量系统研究[D].硕士论文,2016.06.
[9]蒋春华.利用A3数码航摄仪进行复杂地形控制点布设的研究[J].测绘通报,2015(05):84-86.
[10]张煦.低空无人机摄影测量像控点布点方案的探讨与研究[J].河南科技,2017(13):30-33.
[11]Siebert S,Teizer J.Mobile 3D mapping for surveying earthwork projects using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)system[J].Automation in Construction,2014,41(2):1-14.
[12]毕凯,汤坚.旋翼无人机野外像控点信息采集系统设计[J].测绘通报,2017(S1):50-54.
[13]郭瑞隆,王京,段英.无人机航测像控点布设方法探讨[J].测绘标准化,2017,33(02):24-25.
[14]朱水琴,黄继永.像控点布控对采矿无人机空三精度影响探讨[J].世界有色金属,2017(10):54-55.
[15]初启凤,苏长华,苏光日,颜小平.基于ADS80航空影像的像控点布设方案研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2015,38(05):206-207+210.