作为评价尺度的儿童文学人物形象塑造
|
摘要
人物形象塑造是儿童文学基础理论研究的一个重要课题,在当前我国原创儿童文学形象塑造不力的背景下显得尤为迫切而重要。儿童文学特殊的文类属性及其基本功能决定其人物形象是召唤并引领儿童读者展开审美体验的关键精神力量,大量经典儿童文学呈现出这样的文学规律。总结我国百年儿童文学人物形象的变迁及发展发现,形象塑造的美学症结依然在于解决成人社会观念中的"儿童本位"问题。
Characterization is an important topic in the study of the basic theory of children's literature,which is particularly urgent and important under the background of weak character shaping in the original children's literature in our country.The special literary attributes and basic functions of children's literature determine that their characters are the key spiritual power to summon and lead children readers to carry out the aesthetic experience.A large number of classical children's literature presents such a literary law.Summing up the changes and development of the characters in children's literature in China in the past hundred years,it is found that the crucial aesthetic problem in image shaping still lies in solving the problem of "child-orientation" in the adult social concept.
Characterization is an important topic in the study of the basic theory of children's literature,which is particularly urgent and important under the background of weak character shaping in the original children's literature in our country.The special literary attributes and basic functions of children's literature determine that their characters are the key spiritual power to summon and lead children readers to carry out the aesthetic experience.A large number of classical children's literature presents such a literary law.Summing up the changes and development of the characters in children's literature in China in the past hundred years,it is found that the crucial aesthetic problem in image shaping still lies in solving the problem of "child-orientation" in the adult social concept.
引文
[1] 刘文,赵增虎.认知诗学研究[M].北京:中国文史出版社,2014:7.
[2] 孙建江.严文井童话的运动美[J].当代作家评论,1985(1):100-105.
[3] 方卫平.从发生认识论看儿童文学的特殊性[J].浙江师范大学学报,1985(儿童文学研究专辑):21-26.
[4] JUDITH H.Discovering Children's Literature[M].2nd ed.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,Inc,1999:3.
[5] JOHN S.Language and Ideology in Children's Fiction[M].London and New York:Longman,1992:especially chapters:1-2.
[6] JOHN S.Children's Literature,Value,and Ideology[J].Australian Library Review,1995,12(3):255-265.
[7] 郑振铎.《稻草人》序[M]//本社.1913—1949儿童文学论文选集.北京:少年儿童出版社,1962:103.
[8] 胡风.《表》与儿童文学[M]//王泉根.中国现代儿童文学文论选.南宁:广西人民出版社,1989.
[9] 徐妍.个人性、本土性与世界性——如何塑造当下新型儿童形象[N].文艺报,2017-11-08.
(1)这方面代表性的研究成果有:Maria Nikolajeva.Reading for Learning:Cognitive Approaches to Children's Literature (Amsterdam:John Benjamins B.V.2014),Roberta Seelinger Trites.Literary Conceptualizations of Growth:Metaphors and Cognition in Adolescent Literature (Amsterdam:John Benjamins B.V.2014)。
(2)班马这方面研究的代表性成果有:《初探“儿童反儿童化”的心理视角——中高年级儿童文学的审美特点》(1984)、《对儿童文学整体结构的美学思考——突破儿童文学的美学意识自我封闭系统》(1985)、《听觉传播媒介与儿童心理操作之间的审美效应——儿童前审美范畴之中的身体与情感的关系》(1989)、《儿童审美发生论的生理—文化演进基础——儿童前审美器官的中介机制与效应》(1991),以及著作《前艺术思想》(1996)等。
[2] 孙建江.严文井童话的运动美[J].当代作家评论,1985(1):100-105.
[3] 方卫平.从发生认识论看儿童文学的特殊性[J].浙江师范大学学报,1985(儿童文学研究专辑):21-26.
[4] JUDITH H.Discovering Children's Literature[M].2nd ed.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,Inc,1999:3.
[5] JOHN S.Language and Ideology in Children's Fiction[M].London and New York:Longman,1992:especially chapters:1-2.
[6] JOHN S.Children's Literature,Value,and Ideology[J].Australian Library Review,1995,12(3):255-265.
[7] 郑振铎.《稻草人》序[M]//本社.1913—1949儿童文学论文选集.北京:少年儿童出版社,1962:103.
[8] 胡风.《表》与儿童文学[M]//王泉根.中国现代儿童文学文论选.南宁:广西人民出版社,1989.
[9] 徐妍.个人性、本土性与世界性——如何塑造当下新型儿童形象[N].文艺报,2017-11-08.
(1)这方面代表性的研究成果有:Maria Nikolajeva.Reading for Learning:Cognitive Approaches to Children's Literature (Amsterdam:John Benjamins B.V.2014),Roberta Seelinger Trites.Literary Conceptualizations of Growth:Metaphors and Cognition in Adolescent Literature (Amsterdam:John Benjamins B.V.2014)。
(2)班马这方面研究的代表性成果有:《初探“儿童反儿童化”的心理视角——中高年级儿童文学的审美特点》(1984)、《对儿童文学整体结构的美学思考——突破儿童文学的美学意识自我封闭系统》(1985)、《听觉传播媒介与儿童心理操作之间的审美效应——儿童前审美范畴之中的身体与情感的关系》(1989)、《儿童审美发生论的生理—文化演进基础——儿童前审美器官的中介机制与效应》(1991),以及著作《前艺术思想》(1996)等。