草鱼一龄前不同月龄主要形态性状对体重影响效果的分析
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摘要
研究旨在分析草鱼一龄前不同月龄形态性状对体重的影响效果,对草鱼2月龄,4月龄,6月龄,12月龄的主要形态性状进行连续测量。采用相关分析、通径分析和多元回归计算各性状与体重的相关系数、通径系数和决定系数。相关分析结果显示草鱼各月龄形态性状均与体重呈极显著相关(P<0.01),通径分析结果显示2月龄体高对体重直接作用最大,体宽对体重的间接作用最大;4月龄体长对体重直接影响最大,体宽对体重的间接作用最大;6月龄体高对体重直接作用最大,体宽对体重的间接作用最大;12月龄体长对体重直接作用最大,体宽对体重的间接作用最大;决定程度分析结果与通径分析结果一致。偏回归系数显著性检验表明体长、体高和体宽均可引入回归方程,各月龄建立以体重为因变量,体长、体高和体宽为自变量的回归方程。研究表明草鱼不同生长阶段影响体重的主要性状有所不同,2月龄和6月龄对体重影响最大的性状为体高,4月龄和12月龄对体重影响最大的性状为体长,4月龄和12月龄的调整决定系数R2大于0.85,表明4月龄和12月龄影响体重的主要性状是体长,为草鱼不同生长阶段选育提供基础资料。
In order to analyze the relationship between morphological traits and body weight of grass carp at different month ages,we measured morphometric traits at 2-month-old stage,4-month-old stage,6-month-old stage,and 12-month-old stage,respectively,in this study.The correlation analysis,path analysis and multiple regression were used to calculate correlation coefficient,path coefficient and the coefficient of determination between morphological traits and body weight.Correlation analysis showed that morphological traits and body weight of each month-old grass carp were significantly correlated(P < 0.01).Path analysis showed that at 2-month-old stage and 6-month-old stage,the trait with strongest direct effect on body weight was the body height,but at 4-month-old stage,12-month-old stage,the trait with strongest direct effect on body weight was the body length,and at every stage the trait with strongest indirect effect on body weight was body width.The result of determinant coefficient analysis was consistent with that of path analysis.Partial regression coefficient significance test three morphological traits are highly significant,and at each stage the multiple regression equation relating the body weight can be established.Studies have shown that at 4-monthold stage and 12-month-old stage adjusted coefficient of determination is greater than 0.85,the major morphometric traits affecting body weight of grass carp at different growth stages have been identified.This study provided the basic data for grass carp at different growth stages of breeding.
In order to analyze the relationship between morphological traits and body weight of grass carp at different month ages,we measured morphometric traits at 2-month-old stage,4-month-old stage,6-month-old stage,and 12-month-old stage,respectively,in this study.The correlation analysis,path analysis and multiple regression were used to calculate correlation coefficient,path coefficient and the coefficient of determination between morphological traits and body weight.Correlation analysis showed that morphological traits and body weight of each month-old grass carp were significantly correlated(P < 0.01).Path analysis showed that at 2-month-old stage and 6-month-old stage,the trait with strongest direct effect on body weight was the body height,but at 4-month-old stage,12-month-old stage,the trait with strongest direct effect on body weight was the body length,and at every stage the trait with strongest indirect effect on body weight was body width.The result of determinant coefficient analysis was consistent with that of path analysis.Partial regression coefficient significance test three morphological traits are highly significant,and at each stage the multiple regression equation relating the body weight can be established.Studies have shown that at 4-monthold stage and 12-month-old stage adjusted coefficient of determination is greater than 0.85,the major morphometric traits affecting body weight of grass carp at different growth stages have been identified.This study provided the basic data for grass carp at different growth stages of breeding.
引文
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[6]李镕,白俊杰,李胜杰,等.大口黑鲈生长性状的遗传参数和育种值估计[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(4):766-773.LI R,BAI J J,LI S J,et al.Estimation of parameters and breeding values for growth traits of largemouth bass[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(4):766-773.
[7]何毛贤,史兼华,林岳光,等.马氏珠母贝生长性状的相关分析[J].海洋科学,2006,30(11):1-4.HE M X,SHI J H,LIN Y G,et al.The growth trait correlated responses in pearl oyster Pinctada martensi[J].Marine Sciences,2006,30(11):1-4.
[8]袁美云,刘双凤,韩志忠,等.3月龄施氏鲟形态性状对体重的影响分析[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(3):507-513.YUAN M Y,LIU S F,HAN Z Z,et al.Mathematical analysis of morphometric attribute effects on body weight for threemonth-old Acipenser schrenckii Brandt[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2010,17(3):507-513.
[9]王波,刘世禄,张锡烈,等.美国红鱼形态和生长参数的研究[J].海洋水产研究,2002,23(1):47-53.WANG B,LIU S L,ZHANG X L,et al.Study on morphological and growth parameter of red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus)[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2002,23(1):47-53.
[10]DEBOSKI P,DOBOSZ S,ROBAK S,et al.Fat level in body of juvenile Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L),and sea trout(Salmo trutta M.trutta L),and method of estimation from morphometric data[J].Archives of Polish Fisheries,1999,7(2):237-243.
[11]MYERS J M,HERSHBERGER W K,SAXTON A M,et al.Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for length and weight of marine net-pen reared coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum)[J].Aquaculture Research,2001,32(4):277-285.
[12]佟雪红,董在杰,缪为民,等.建鲤与黄河鲤的杂交优势研究及主要生长性状的通径分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2007,22(3):159-163.TONG X H,DONG Z J,LIAO W M,et al.The heterosis of F1hybrids(jian carp×huanghe carp)and path analysis ofmain growth traits[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2007,22(3):159-163.
[13]NEIRA R,LHORENTE J P,ARANEDA C,et al.Studies on carcass quality traits in two populations of Coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch):phenotypic and genetic parameters[J].Aquaculture,2004,241(1/4):117-131.
[14]WANG C H,LI S F,XIANG S P,et al.Genetic parameter estimates for growth-related traits in Oujiang color common carp(Cyprinus carpio var.color)[J].Aquaculture,2006,259(1/4):103-107.
[15]NEIRA R,DAZ N F,GALL G A E,et al.Genetic improvement in coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch).Ⅱ:Selection response for early spawning date[J].Aquaculture,2006,257(1/4):1-8.
[16]李玺洋,白俊杰,樊佳佳,等.二龄草鱼形态性状对体重影响效果的分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(4):535-541.LI X Y,BAI J J,FAN J J,et al.The relationship between morphological characters and body weight of Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(4):535-541.
[17]区又君,吉磊,李加儿,等.卵形鲳鲹不同月龄选育群体主要形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(7):961-969.OU Y J,JI L,LI J E,et al.Correlation analysis of major morphometric traits and body weight of selective group at different month ages of Trachinotus ovatus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(7):961-969.
[18]孙苗苗,陈百尧,杨其彬,等.斑节对虾形态性状对体重影响的分析[J].海洋科学,2013,37(5):50-54.SUN M M,CHEN B R,YANG Q B,et al.Effects of morphological characters on body weight of Penaeus monodon[J].Marine Sciences,2013,37(5):50-54.
[19]明道绪.生物统计附试验设计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:216-217.MING D X.Biological statistics of test design[J].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2006:216-217.
[20]张庆文,张天杨,孔杰,等.大菱鲆生长性状在不同生长发育阶段的相关分析[J].海洋水产研究,2008,29(3):57-61.ZHANG Q W,ZHANG T Y,KONG J,et al.Correlation of growth traits of turbot Scophthalmus maximus at different developmental stages[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):57-61.
[21]王明华,钟立强,蔡永祥,等.黄颡鱼形态性状对体重的影响效果分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2014,33(1):41-46.WANG M H,ZHONG L Q,CAI Y X,et al.Analysis of effects of morphometric traitson body weight of Yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco[J].Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University:Natural Science,2014,33(1):41-46.
[22]佟广香,匡友谊,许凌雪,等.哲罗鲑形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学杂志,2011,24(2):31-36.TONG G X,KUANG Y Y,XU L X,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric attributes on body weight in Taimen Hucho taimen[J].Chinese Journal Fisheries,2011,24(2):31-36.
[23]王雪辉,杜飞雁,邱永松,等.南海北部主要经济鱼类体长与体重关系[J].台湾海峡,2006,25(2):262-266.WANG X H,DU F Y,QIU Y S,et al.Length-weight relationships of important commercial fishes in northern South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2006,25(2):262-266.
[24]何小燕,刘小林,白俊杰,等.大口黑鲈形态性状对体重的影响效果分析[J].水产学报,2009,33(4):597-603.HE X Y,LIU X L,BAI J J,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric attribute on body weight of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2009,33(4):597-603.
[25]王新安,马爱军,许可,等.大菱鲆幼鱼表型形态性状与体重之间的关系[J].动物学报,2008,54(3):540-545.WANG X A,MA A J,XU K,et al.Relationship between morphometric attributes and body weight of juvenile turbots Scophthalmus maximus[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2008,54(3):540-545.
[26]马爱军,王新安,杨志,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性状的遗传力及其相关性分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):499-504.MA A J,WANG X A,YANG Z,et al.The growth traits and their heritability of young turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(5):499-504.
[27]杨秀艳,季孔庶.林木育种中的早期选择[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):6-8.YANG X Y,JI K S.Early Selection in Forest Tree Improvement[J].World Forestry Research,2004,17(2):6-8.
[28]杨宁,吴常信,宫桂芳,等.蛋鸡产蛋量的早期选择的优化研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1993,24(1):1-6.YANG N,WU C X,GONG G F,et al.Optimal selection for egg production with early records in layers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica sinica,1993,24(1):1-6.
[2]楼允东.鱼类育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:3-5.LOU Y D.Fish breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1999:3-5.
[3]李思发,王成辉,刘志国,等.三种红鲤生长性状的杂种优势与遗传相关分析[J].水产学报,2006,30(2):175-180.LI S F,WANG C H,LIU Z G,et al.Analysis of heterosis and genetic correlation of growth traits in three variants of red common carp[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2006,30(2):175-180.
[4]李加纳.数量遗传学概论[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,2007:166.LI J N.Introduction to quantitative genetics[M].Chongqing:Southwest China Normal University Press,2007:166.
[5]刘宝锁,张天时,孔杰,等.大菱鲆生长和耐高温性状的遗传参数估计[J].水产学报,2011,35(11):1601-1606.LIU B S,ZHANG T S,KONG J,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for growth and upper thermal tolerance traits in turbot Scophthalmus maximus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(11):1601-1606.
[6]李镕,白俊杰,李胜杰,等.大口黑鲈生长性状的遗传参数和育种值估计[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(4):766-773.LI R,BAI J J,LI S J,et al.Estimation of parameters and breeding values for growth traits of largemouth bass[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(4):766-773.
[7]何毛贤,史兼华,林岳光,等.马氏珠母贝生长性状的相关分析[J].海洋科学,2006,30(11):1-4.HE M X,SHI J H,LIN Y G,et al.The growth trait correlated responses in pearl oyster Pinctada martensi[J].Marine Sciences,2006,30(11):1-4.
[8]袁美云,刘双凤,韩志忠,等.3月龄施氏鲟形态性状对体重的影响分析[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(3):507-513.YUAN M Y,LIU S F,HAN Z Z,et al.Mathematical analysis of morphometric attribute effects on body weight for threemonth-old Acipenser schrenckii Brandt[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2010,17(3):507-513.
[9]王波,刘世禄,张锡烈,等.美国红鱼形态和生长参数的研究[J].海洋水产研究,2002,23(1):47-53.WANG B,LIU S L,ZHANG X L,et al.Study on morphological and growth parameter of red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus)[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2002,23(1):47-53.
[10]DEBOSKI P,DOBOSZ S,ROBAK S,et al.Fat level in body of juvenile Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L),and sea trout(Salmo trutta M.trutta L),and method of estimation from morphometric data[J].Archives of Polish Fisheries,1999,7(2):237-243.
[11]MYERS J M,HERSHBERGER W K,SAXTON A M,et al.Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for length and weight of marine net-pen reared coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum)[J].Aquaculture Research,2001,32(4):277-285.
[12]佟雪红,董在杰,缪为民,等.建鲤与黄河鲤的杂交优势研究及主要生长性状的通径分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2007,22(3):159-163.TONG X H,DONG Z J,LIAO W M,et al.The heterosis of F1hybrids(jian carp×huanghe carp)and path analysis ofmain growth traits[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2007,22(3):159-163.
[13]NEIRA R,LHORENTE J P,ARANEDA C,et al.Studies on carcass quality traits in two populations of Coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch):phenotypic and genetic parameters[J].Aquaculture,2004,241(1/4):117-131.
[14]WANG C H,LI S F,XIANG S P,et al.Genetic parameter estimates for growth-related traits in Oujiang color common carp(Cyprinus carpio var.color)[J].Aquaculture,2006,259(1/4):103-107.
[15]NEIRA R,DAZ N F,GALL G A E,et al.Genetic improvement in coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch).Ⅱ:Selection response for early spawning date[J].Aquaculture,2006,257(1/4):1-8.
[16]李玺洋,白俊杰,樊佳佳,等.二龄草鱼形态性状对体重影响效果的分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(4):535-541.LI X Y,BAI J J,FAN J J,et al.The relationship between morphological characters and body weight of Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(4):535-541.
[17]区又君,吉磊,李加儿,等.卵形鲳鲹不同月龄选育群体主要形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(7):961-969.OU Y J,JI L,LI J E,et al.Correlation analysis of major morphometric traits and body weight of selective group at different month ages of Trachinotus ovatus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(7):961-969.
[18]孙苗苗,陈百尧,杨其彬,等.斑节对虾形态性状对体重影响的分析[J].海洋科学,2013,37(5):50-54.SUN M M,CHEN B R,YANG Q B,et al.Effects of morphological characters on body weight of Penaeus monodon[J].Marine Sciences,2013,37(5):50-54.
[19]明道绪.生物统计附试验设计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:216-217.MING D X.Biological statistics of test design[J].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2006:216-217.
[20]张庆文,张天杨,孔杰,等.大菱鲆生长性状在不同生长发育阶段的相关分析[J].海洋水产研究,2008,29(3):57-61.ZHANG Q W,ZHANG T Y,KONG J,et al.Correlation of growth traits of turbot Scophthalmus maximus at different developmental stages[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):57-61.
[21]王明华,钟立强,蔡永祥,等.黄颡鱼形态性状对体重的影响效果分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2014,33(1):41-46.WANG M H,ZHONG L Q,CAI Y X,et al.Analysis of effects of morphometric traitson body weight of Yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco[J].Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University:Natural Science,2014,33(1):41-46.
[22]佟广香,匡友谊,许凌雪,等.哲罗鲑形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学杂志,2011,24(2):31-36.TONG G X,KUANG Y Y,XU L X,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric attributes on body weight in Taimen Hucho taimen[J].Chinese Journal Fisheries,2011,24(2):31-36.
[23]王雪辉,杜飞雁,邱永松,等.南海北部主要经济鱼类体长与体重关系[J].台湾海峡,2006,25(2):262-266.WANG X H,DU F Y,QIU Y S,et al.Length-weight relationships of important commercial fishes in northern South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2006,25(2):262-266.
[24]何小燕,刘小林,白俊杰,等.大口黑鲈形态性状对体重的影响效果分析[J].水产学报,2009,33(4):597-603.HE X Y,LIU X L,BAI J J,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric attribute on body weight of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2009,33(4):597-603.
[25]王新安,马爱军,许可,等.大菱鲆幼鱼表型形态性状与体重之间的关系[J].动物学报,2008,54(3):540-545.WANG X A,MA A J,XU K,et al.Relationship between morphometric attributes and body weight of juvenile turbots Scophthalmus maximus[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2008,54(3):540-545.
[26]马爱军,王新安,杨志,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性状的遗传力及其相关性分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):499-504.MA A J,WANG X A,YANG Z,et al.The growth traits and their heritability of young turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(5):499-504.
[27]杨秀艳,季孔庶.林木育种中的早期选择[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):6-8.YANG X Y,JI K S.Early Selection in Forest Tree Improvement[J].World Forestry Research,2004,17(2):6-8.
[28]杨宁,吴常信,宫桂芳,等.蛋鸡产蛋量的早期选择的优化研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1993,24(1):1-6.YANG N,WU C X,GONG G F,et al.Optimal selection for egg production with early records in layers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica sinica,1993,24(1):1-6.