车辆火灾作用下桥梁风险概率评估方法
|
摘要
基于易损性分析及危险性分析,提出了桥梁在车辆火灾作用下风险概率的数值计算方法.依据车辆火灾事故的统计数据,利用最大熵原理估计出了最大热释放速率的概率密度函数.提出了基于RSM-MCS的桥梁构件易损性分析方法,并通过对结构体系、构件相关性及体系损伤准则的进一步研究给出了结构体系易损性的分析方法.以一座简支梁桥为例,利用该方法对不同损伤等级下的风险概率进行了计算分析.结果表明:利用文中方法可以对桥梁的抗火性能进行有效评价.
Based on the vulnerability analysis and the hazard analysis,a numerical calculation method for risk probability of bridge exposed to fires caused by vehicles was developed.According to the statistical data of vehicle fire accidents,the probability density function of maxim heat release rate was estimated using the principle of maximum entropy.A vulnerability analysis method of bridge member based on RSM-MCS was proposed,and a vulnerability analysis method of structural system was given by the research about structural system,correlation and damage criterion of system.The risk probability of a simply supported beam bridge under fires caused by vehicles was provided to illustrate the method.The results show that the suggested method can effectively evaluate the fire resistance of a bridge.
Based on the vulnerability analysis and the hazard analysis,a numerical calculation method for risk probability of bridge exposed to fires caused by vehicles was developed.According to the statistical data of vehicle fire accidents,the probability density function of maxim heat release rate was estimated using the principle of maximum entropy.A vulnerability analysis method of bridge member based on RSM-MCS was proposed,and a vulnerability analysis method of structural system was given by the research about structural system,correlation and damage criterion of system.The risk probability of a simply supported beam bridge under fires caused by vehicles was provided to illustrate the method.The results show that the suggested method can effectively evaluate the fire resistance of a bridge.
引文
[1] New York State Department of Transportation.Bridge fire incidents in New York State(pribvate correspondence with prof.M.garlock) [R].New York:New York State Department of Transportation,2008.
[2] TROUILLET P.Fire consequenceson motorwaybridges [C]//International Conference Malta:Safety.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2001.
[3] JEOUNGC,KIM W S,GIL H B,et al.Bridge fire risk assessment on the highway in South Korea [J].Trans Tech Publ,2014,1025- 1026:854- 857.
[4] JOO S,KIM S,KIM Y,et al.Fire risk evaluation of bridge underneath conditions based on field investigation [J].Procedia Engineering,2017,210:582- 587.
[5] 孙博,肖汝诚.基于层次分析-模糊综合评价法的桥梁火灾风险评估体系 [J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(11):1619- 1625.SUN Bo,XIAO Ru-cheng.Bridge fire risk assessment system based on analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method [J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2015,43(11):1619- 1625.
[6] 马明雷.桥梁车致火灾及基于性能的抗火设计方法 [D].上海:同济大学,2016.
[7] 刘沐宇,田伟,李海洋.桥梁运营期汽车燃烧风险概率模型及应用 [J].武汉理工大学学报,2014,36(4):128- 133.LIU Mu-yu,TIAN Wei,LI Hai-yang.The risk probability model of vehicle burning accident during bridge operation period and its application [J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2014,36(4):128- 133.
[8] 刘沐宇,李海洋,田伟.基于熵权模糊综合评价的桥梁汽车燃烧风险分析 [J].土木工程与管理学报,2014(2):51- 55.LIU Mu-yu,LI Hai-yang,TIAN Wei.Study on vehicle burning accident during bridge operation period based on entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation [J],Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2014(2):51- 55.
[9] 马明雷,马如进,陈艾荣.车致桥梁火灾发生概率评价模型 [J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(12):133- 140.MA Ming-lei,MA Ru-jin,CHEN Ai-rong.Occurrence probability model of bridge fires caused by vehicles [J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(12):133- 140.
[10] NFPA 502—2008,Standards for road tunnels,bridges and other limited access highways [S].
[11] NFPA 502—2004,Standards for road tunnels,bridges and other limited access highways [S].
[12] The Highways Agency.Design manual for roads and bridges V2 S2:part 9 BD 78/99 design of road tunnels [M].Great Britain:Stationery Office Books,1999.
[13] CAFARO E,BERTOLA V.Fires in tunnels:experiments and modelling [J].The Open Thermodynamics Journal,2010,4:156- 166.
[14] PIARC Committee on Road Tunnels.Fire and smoke control in road tunnel [M].Paris:AIPCR,1999.
[15] INGASONH.Design fires in tunnels [C]//Conference proceedings of Asiaflam.Hong Kong:[s.n.],2006,95:77- 86.
[16] KANG H Y,KWAK B M.Application of maximum entropy principle for reliability-based design optimization [J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2009,38(4):331- 346.
[17] 汪锐琼.考虑统计矩随机性的改进最大熵方法 [D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.
[18] 李宪东.基于最大熵原理的确定概率分布的方法研究 [D].北京:华北电力大学,2008.
[19] ROCKINGER M,JONDEAUE.Entropy densities with an application to autoregressive conditional skewness and kurtosis [J].Journal of Econometrics,2001,106(1):119- 142.
[20] 陈旺旺.基于最大熵原理的抗剪强度参数二维分布估计及边坡可靠度分析 [D].武汉:武汉大学,2017.
[21] ESTESA C.A system reliability approach to the lifetime optimization of inspection and repair of highway bridges [D].Colorado:University of Colorado,1997.
[22] 李利军.公路火灾温度场数值模拟及大跨径缆索承重桥梁火灾分析 [D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[23] 过镇海.钢筋混凝土的高温性能及其计算 [M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[24] SHI Y C,HAO H,LIZ X.Numerical derivation of pressure-impulse diagrams for prediction of RC column damage to blast loads [J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2008,35(11):1213- 1227.
[25] 聂建国,王宇航.ABAQUS中混凝土本构模型用于模拟结构静力行为的比较研究 [J].工程力学,2013,30(4):59- 67.NIE Jian-guo,WANG Yu-hang.Comparison study of constitutive model of concrete in Abaqus for static analysis of structures [J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(4):59- 67.
[26] 方志,汪建群,何鑫,等.预应力混凝土简支箱梁受力性能足尺模型试验 [J].中国公路学报,2011,24(6):49- 56.FANG Zhi,WANG Jian-qun,HE Xin,et al.Full-scale model test of loading behavior of prestressed concrete simply supported box girders [J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(6):49- 56.
[27] 张岗,朱美春,贺拴海,等.火灾下预应力混凝土T形截面梁破坏模式研究 [J].中国公路学报,2017,30(2):77- 85.ZHANG Gang,ZHU Mei-chun,HE Shuan-hai,et al.Failure model analysis of prestressed concrete T girder exposed to fire [J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2017,30(2):77- 85.
[2] TROUILLET P.Fire consequenceson motorwaybridges [C]//International Conference Malta:Safety.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2001.
[3] JEOUNGC,KIM W S,GIL H B,et al.Bridge fire risk assessment on the highway in South Korea [J].Trans Tech Publ,2014,1025- 1026:854- 857.
[4] JOO S,KIM S,KIM Y,et al.Fire risk evaluation of bridge underneath conditions based on field investigation [J].Procedia Engineering,2017,210:582- 587.
[5] 孙博,肖汝诚.基于层次分析-模糊综合评价法的桥梁火灾风险评估体系 [J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(11):1619- 1625.SUN Bo,XIAO Ru-cheng.Bridge fire risk assessment system based on analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method [J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2015,43(11):1619- 1625.
[6] 马明雷.桥梁车致火灾及基于性能的抗火设计方法 [D].上海:同济大学,2016.
[7] 刘沐宇,田伟,李海洋.桥梁运营期汽车燃烧风险概率模型及应用 [J].武汉理工大学学报,2014,36(4):128- 133.LIU Mu-yu,TIAN Wei,LI Hai-yang.The risk probability model of vehicle burning accident during bridge operation period and its application [J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2014,36(4):128- 133.
[8] 刘沐宇,李海洋,田伟.基于熵权模糊综合评价的桥梁汽车燃烧风险分析 [J].土木工程与管理学报,2014(2):51- 55.LIU Mu-yu,LI Hai-yang,TIAN Wei.Study on vehicle burning accident during bridge operation period based on entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation [J],Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2014(2):51- 55.
[9] 马明雷,马如进,陈艾荣.车致桥梁火灾发生概率评价模型 [J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(12):133- 140.MA Ming-lei,MA Ru-jin,CHEN Ai-rong.Occurrence probability model of bridge fires caused by vehicles [J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(12):133- 140.
[10] NFPA 502—2008,Standards for road tunnels,bridges and other limited access highways [S].
[11] NFPA 502—2004,Standards for road tunnels,bridges and other limited access highways [S].
[12] The Highways Agency.Design manual for roads and bridges V2 S2:part 9 BD 78/99 design of road tunnels [M].Great Britain:Stationery Office Books,1999.
[13] CAFARO E,BERTOLA V.Fires in tunnels:experiments and modelling [J].The Open Thermodynamics Journal,2010,4:156- 166.
[14] PIARC Committee on Road Tunnels.Fire and smoke control in road tunnel [M].Paris:AIPCR,1999.
[15] INGASONH.Design fires in tunnels [C]//Conference proceedings of Asiaflam.Hong Kong:[s.n.],2006,95:77- 86.
[16] KANG H Y,KWAK B M.Application of maximum entropy principle for reliability-based design optimization [J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2009,38(4):331- 346.
[17] 汪锐琼.考虑统计矩随机性的改进最大熵方法 [D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.
[18] 李宪东.基于最大熵原理的确定概率分布的方法研究 [D].北京:华北电力大学,2008.
[19] ROCKINGER M,JONDEAUE.Entropy densities with an application to autoregressive conditional skewness and kurtosis [J].Journal of Econometrics,2001,106(1):119- 142.
[20] 陈旺旺.基于最大熵原理的抗剪强度参数二维分布估计及边坡可靠度分析 [D].武汉:武汉大学,2017.
[21] ESTESA C.A system reliability approach to the lifetime optimization of inspection and repair of highway bridges [D].Colorado:University of Colorado,1997.
[22] 李利军.公路火灾温度场数值模拟及大跨径缆索承重桥梁火灾分析 [D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[23] 过镇海.钢筋混凝土的高温性能及其计算 [M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[24] SHI Y C,HAO H,LIZ X.Numerical derivation of pressure-impulse diagrams for prediction of RC column damage to blast loads [J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2008,35(11):1213- 1227.
[25] 聂建国,王宇航.ABAQUS中混凝土本构模型用于模拟结构静力行为的比较研究 [J].工程力学,2013,30(4):59- 67.NIE Jian-guo,WANG Yu-hang.Comparison study of constitutive model of concrete in Abaqus for static analysis of structures [J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(4):59- 67.
[26] 方志,汪建群,何鑫,等.预应力混凝土简支箱梁受力性能足尺模型试验 [J].中国公路学报,2011,24(6):49- 56.FANG Zhi,WANG Jian-qun,HE Xin,et al.Full-scale model test of loading behavior of prestressed concrete simply supported box girders [J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(6):49- 56.
[27] 张岗,朱美春,贺拴海,等.火灾下预应力混凝土T形截面梁破坏模式研究 [J].中国公路学报,2017,30(2):77- 85.ZHANG Gang,ZHU Mei-chun,HE Shuan-hai,et al.Failure model analysis of prestressed concrete T girder exposed to fire [J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2017,30(2):77- 85.