基于先导发展模型的直升机雷电附着点研究
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摘要
飞机的雷电附着点研究是飞机防雷设计的第一步,是进行雷电分区以及雷击试验的基础。提出了一种基于分形理论的雷电先导发展模型,分析了下行先导主通道和分支通道的电荷分布情况,研究了下行先导待发展点角度约束条件以及概率选择方法,提出了上行先导模型的起始判据和发展规律,使模型在具备雷电物理意义的同时符合了雷电发展的随机性,并结合先导模型的分形维数,验证了模型的有效性。另外,依据SAE-ARP5416标准中关于附着点试验的布局要求,运用模型计算了37个先导起始位置下某型直升机关键位置处的雷电附着情况,研究结果为飞机雷电附着点判断提供了一种快速的数值计算方法。
The study of the aircraft lightning attachment point is the first step in the aircraft lightning protection design and is a foundation for the lightning division and lightning test of aircraft. In this paper,a leader progression model of lightning based on fractal theory is proposed,the charge distribution of main channel and branch channel of the downward leader is analyzed,the angle constraint conditions and probabilistic selection methods of the developed downward leader are studied,and the starting criterion and development rule of the upward leader model are proposed,which makes the model physically relevant and random as natural lightning leader,and combines the fractal dimension of the leader model to verify the validity of the model. In addition,according to the layout requirements of the attachment point test in SAE-ARP5416,lightning attachment at key position of helicopter in 37 leader starting positions are calculated by using the model. The research results can provide a fast numerical calculation method for the determination of aircraft lightning attachment points.
The study of the aircraft lightning attachment point is the first step in the aircraft lightning protection design and is a foundation for the lightning division and lightning test of aircraft. In this paper,a leader progression model of lightning based on fractal theory is proposed,the charge distribution of main channel and branch channel of the downward leader is analyzed,the angle constraint conditions and probabilistic selection methods of the developed downward leader are studied,and the starting criterion and development rule of the upward leader model are proposed,which makes the model physically relevant and random as natural lightning leader,and combines the fractal dimension of the leader model to verify the validity of the model. In addition,according to the layout requirements of the attachment point test in SAE-ARP5416,lightning attachment at key position of helicopter in 37 leader starting positions are calculated by using the model. The research results can provide a fast numerical calculation method for the determination of aircraft lightning attachment points.
引文
[1]杨春光.直升机雷电防护关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[2]STAHMANN J R.Triggered natural lightning near an F-100 aircraft[C].Proccedings of Lightning and Static Electricity Conference,USA,1968:123-134.
[3]CHIFFORD D W.Scale model lightning attach point testing[C].Proceedings of Lightning and Static Electricity Conference,England,1975.
[4]张先华,刘圣义,夏宏炳.直11型机雷电防护设计及试验研究[J].直升机技术,2005(1):31-37.
[5]温浩,王宏.飞机模型雷击试验分析研究[J].高压电器,2011,47(4):104-107.
[6]方金鹏,武亚君,梁子长,等.航空器雷电初始附着区域的静电场数值仿真分析[J].制导与引信,2014,35(1):32-35.
[7]赵玉龙,刘光斌,余志勇.飞行器雷击附着点数值仿真研究[J].微波学报,2012,28(4):39-42.
[8]谢施君.负极性地闪雷击点选择过程的模拟试验及仿真模型研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[9]顾超超,陈晓宁,黄立洋,等.基于分形理论的直升机雷击附着位置数值分析[J].电子技术应用,2017,43(9):123-126.
[10]COORAY V,RAKOV V,THEETHAYI N.The lightning striking distance-revisited[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2007,65:296-306.
[11]MANDELBROT B B.The fractal geometry of nature[M].Birkhauser Verlag,1991.
[12]NIEMEYER L,PIETRONERO L,WIESMANN H J.Fractal dimension of dielectric breakdown[J].Physical Review Letters,1984,52(12):1033-1036.
[13]XU Y,CHEN M.A 3-D self-organized leader propagation model and its engineering approximation for lightning protection analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(4):2342-2355.
[14]KAWASAKI Z,MATSUURA K.Does a lightning channel show a fractal[J].Applied Energy,2000,67(1):147-158.
[15]黄立洋,陈晓宁,郭飞,等.基于先导放电理论的直升机初始雷击附着位置[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(7):102-107.
[16]SAE.ARP5416A,Aircraft lightning test methods[S].2013.
[2]STAHMANN J R.Triggered natural lightning near an F-100 aircraft[C].Proccedings of Lightning and Static Electricity Conference,USA,1968:123-134.
[3]CHIFFORD D W.Scale model lightning attach point testing[C].Proceedings of Lightning and Static Electricity Conference,England,1975.
[4]张先华,刘圣义,夏宏炳.直11型机雷电防护设计及试验研究[J].直升机技术,2005(1):31-37.
[5]温浩,王宏.飞机模型雷击试验分析研究[J].高压电器,2011,47(4):104-107.
[6]方金鹏,武亚君,梁子长,等.航空器雷电初始附着区域的静电场数值仿真分析[J].制导与引信,2014,35(1):32-35.
[7]赵玉龙,刘光斌,余志勇.飞行器雷击附着点数值仿真研究[J].微波学报,2012,28(4):39-42.
[8]谢施君.负极性地闪雷击点选择过程的模拟试验及仿真模型研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[9]顾超超,陈晓宁,黄立洋,等.基于分形理论的直升机雷击附着位置数值分析[J].电子技术应用,2017,43(9):123-126.
[10]COORAY V,RAKOV V,THEETHAYI N.The lightning striking distance-revisited[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2007,65:296-306.
[11]MANDELBROT B B.The fractal geometry of nature[M].Birkhauser Verlag,1991.
[12]NIEMEYER L,PIETRONERO L,WIESMANN H J.Fractal dimension of dielectric breakdown[J].Physical Review Letters,1984,52(12):1033-1036.
[13]XU Y,CHEN M.A 3-D self-organized leader propagation model and its engineering approximation for lightning protection analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(4):2342-2355.
[14]KAWASAKI Z,MATSUURA K.Does a lightning channel show a fractal[J].Applied Energy,2000,67(1):147-158.
[15]黄立洋,陈晓宁,郭飞,等.基于先导放电理论的直升机初始雷击附着位置[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(7):102-107.
[16]SAE.ARP5416A,Aircraft lightning test methods[S].2013.