相变储能材料对太阳能光伏墙体降温效果实验研究
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摘要
已被广泛使用的晶硅太阳能电池的发电效率随工作温度的升高而降低,而采用光伏相变(PV/PCM)系统来降低和控制太阳能电池的工作温度,比传统的热管理系统更轻便、简洁和高效。对处于充电状态下和非充电状态下太阳能电池的工作温度变化进行了研究,实验结果表明,处于充电状态下的太阳能板上比非充电状态下的太阳能电池的工作温度更高,两者温度差可达5℃左右,而且光照度越强,两者差值也越大。此外,对PV/PCM系统中所需的PCM用量进行了探究,实验结果显示,当相变材料层厚度为40 mm时,可以满足PV/PCM系统的调温需求,整体的削峰降温效果明显。
Crystalline silicon solar cell has been widely used. Its solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency decreases as the rise of operation temperature. It is more convenient, efficient and compact to use the Photovolatics/Phase Change Material(PV/PCM) system to control the operation temperature of PV panel, comparing with traditional thermal management system. The changes of operation temperature of solar panels under a state of charging and uncharging were studied. The results showed that, the operation temperature of solar panels under a state of charging is higher than that of solar panels under a state of uncharging. The difference between them could be up 5 ℃ or so. At the same time, as the light became stronger, the difference would increase. Moreover, the thickness of PCM layer in PV/PCM system was also studied. The 40 mm PCM layer could meet the demand of temperature adjustment of PV/PCM system and its cooling effect is obvious.
Crystalline silicon solar cell has been widely used. Its solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency decreases as the rise of operation temperature. It is more convenient, efficient and compact to use the Photovolatics/Phase Change Material(PV/PCM) system to control the operation temperature of PV panel, comparing with traditional thermal management system. The changes of operation temperature of solar panels under a state of charging and uncharging were studied. The results showed that, the operation temperature of solar panels under a state of charging is higher than that of solar panels under a state of uncharging. The difference between them could be up 5 ℃ or so. At the same time, as the light became stronger, the difference would increase. Moreover, the thickness of PCM layer in PV/PCM system was also studied. The 40 mm PCM layer could meet the demand of temperature adjustment of PV/PCM system and its cooling effect is obvious.
引文
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[5]Norton B,Eames P C,Mallick T K,et al.Enhancing the performance of building integrated photovoltaics[J].Solar Energy,2011,85:1629-1664.
[6]Radziemska E,Klugmann E.Thermally affected parameters of the current–voltage characteristics of silicon photocell[J].Conversion and Management,2002,43:1889-1900.
[7]Royne A,Dey C,Mills D.Cooling of photovoltaic cells under concentrated illumination:a critical review[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2005,86:451-483.
[8]杨晶晶,刘永生,谷民安,等.太阳能光伏电池冷却技术研究[J].华东电力,2011,39(1):81-85.
[9]Dengfeng Du,Jo Darkwa,Georgios Kokogiannakis.Thermal management systems for photovoltaics(PV)installations:A critical review[J].Solar Energy,2013,97:238-254.
[10]Zalba B,Mar n J M,Cabeza L F,et al.Review on thermal energy storage with phase change:materials,heat transfer analysis and applications[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2003,23:251-283.
[11]Alkan C,Sar A,Karaipekli A.Preparation,thermal properties and thermal reliability of microencapsulated n-eicosane as novel phase change material for thermal energy storage[J].Energy Conversation Management,2011,52:687-692.
[12]Karaman S,Karaipekli A,Sar A,et al.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)/diatomite composite as a novel form-stable phase change material for thermal energy storage[J].Sol Energy Mater Sol C,2011,95:1647-1653.
[13]Huang M J,Eames P C,Norton B.An experimental study into the application of phase change materials to limit the temperature rise in build integrated photovoltaic systems[C]//Proceedings of Renewable Energy in Maritime Island Climates,September,Belfast,UK,2001:143-150.
[14]Huang M J,Eames P C,Norton B.Thermal regulation of building-integrated photovoltaics using phase change materials[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2004,47:2715-2733.
[15]Biwole P H,Eclache P,Kuznik F.Phase-change materials to improve solar panel’s performance[J].Energy and Buildings,2013,62:59-67.
[16]Ho C J,Tanuwijava A O,Lai C-M.Thermal and electrical performance of a BIPV integrated with a microencapsulated phase change material layer[J].Energy and Buildings,2012,50:331-338.
[17]Huang M J,Eames P C,Norton B.Phase change materials for limiting temperature rise in building integrated photovoltaics[J].Sol Energy,2006,80:1121-1130.
[18]Huang M J.The effect of using two PCMs on the thermal regulation performance of BIPV systems[J].Sol Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2011,95:957-963.
[19]Maiti S,Banerjee S,Vyas K,et al.Self regulation of photovoltaic module temperature in V-trough using a metal-wax composite phase change matrix[J].Solar Energy,2011,85:1805-1816.