基于甲胺铅碘钙钛矿太阳电池中有效载流子产率的厚度拟合优化分析
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摘要
有机金属钙钛矿太阳电池已经吸引了科研界广泛的研究热情,然而,钙钛矿太阳电池的发展仍需要持续的研究,这其中,活性层最优厚度的优化仍依赖大量的实验研究,这种方式耗费巨大的财力、物力及人员时间和精力,而对于活性层厚度优化与光电子产率之间的关系仍缺乏相应的理论研究。本文提出了一种有效载流子产率的概念,并利用光学传输矩阵方程,对其进行厚度的优化拟合。通过计算发现,当光子流密度处于AM 1. 5G条件下时,各功能层的厚度均对钙钛矿太阳能电池的有效载流子产率有很大的影响。研究显示,在反式器件结构中,当空穴传输层与电子传输层的厚度分别为55 nm及40 nm时,器件的光电转换效率最优。该方法为加快钙钛矿太阳能电池的优化提供了一种快速有效的手段。
Organic-metal hybrid perovskite solar cells are attracting a great deal of attention to the scientific community.However,the academic system of perovskite solar cells still needs further development. Most of the active layers' thickness combinations are carried out from practical experiments on constant thickness. The theoretic process for this subject is still unsubstantial. In this paper,a concept of effective carrier generation rate,based on light intensity distribution,is given. For maximizing this rate,the thickness combination of active layers can be obtained. In order to keep the simulation process closer to practical fabrication,photon flux distribution of AM 1. 5 G and transmissivity of substrates were introduced into the calculation. It was found that the best optimization for hole transport layer and electron transport layer was 55 nm and 40 nm,respectively. The main contribution of this method is that it gives a rapid search range of thickness combination of donor and acceptor layers.
Organic-metal hybrid perovskite solar cells are attracting a great deal of attention to the scientific community.However,the academic system of perovskite solar cells still needs further development. Most of the active layers' thickness combinations are carried out from practical experiments on constant thickness. The theoretic process for this subject is still unsubstantial. In this paper,a concept of effective carrier generation rate,based on light intensity distribution,is given. For maximizing this rate,the thickness combination of active layers can be obtained. In order to keep the simulation process closer to practical fabrication,photon flux distribution of AM 1. 5 G and transmissivity of substrates were introduced into the calculation. It was found that the best optimization for hole transport layer and electron transport layer was 55 nm and 40 nm,respectively. The main contribution of this method is that it gives a rapid search range of thickness combination of donor and acceptor layers.
引文
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[7] Zhao W,Li H,Liu Z,et al. Controlled defects and enhanced electronic extraction in fluorine incorporated zinc oxide for high-performance planar perovskite solar cells[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2018,182:263-271.
[8] Yuan H,Zhao Y,Duan J,et al. Enhanced charge extraction by setting intermediate energy levels in all-inorganic CsPbBr3perovskite solar cells[J]. Electrochimica acta,2018,279:84-90.
[9] Remeika M,Qi Y. Scalable solution coating of the absorber for perovskite solar cells[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry,2018,27(4):1101-1110.
[10] Tang Y,Yang H,Huang X,et al. Low-pressure assisted solution synthesis of CH3NH3PbI3-xClxperovskite solar cells[J]. Ceramics International,2018,44(10):11603-11609.
[11] Francesco D G,Santhosh S,Henri F,et al. Up-scalable sheet-to-sheet production of high efficiency perovskite module and solar cells on 6-in.substrate using slot die coating[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2018,181:53-59.
[12] Wu F,Chen T,Yue X,et al. Enhanced photovoltaic performance and reduced hysteresis in perovskite-ICBA-based solar cells[J]. Organic Electronics,2018,58:6-11.
[13] Aswani Y,Lee H,Graetzl M,et al. Porphyrin-sensitized solar cells with cobalt(II/III)-based redox electrolyte exceed 12 percent efficiency[J].Science,2011,334(6065):629-634.
[14] Peumans P,Yakimov A,Forrest S R. Erratum:“Small molecular weight organic thin-film photodetectors and solar cells”[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,2004,95:2938.
[15] Ren J,Zheng J,Zhao J. Optimized design of active layers in organic donor-acceptor solar cells[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2007,56(5):2868-2872.
[16] Xi X,Liu G,Li G,et al. The study on the transport efficiency of effective excitons and relationship with the thickness of active materials[J].Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials-Rapid Communications,2015,9(11-12):1369-1374.
[17] Pettersson L A A,Roman L S,Ingans O. Modeling photocurreng action spectra of photovoltaic devices based on organic thin films[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,1999,86:487.
[18] Wang C H,Zhang C J,Yang J L,et al. Energy level and thickness control on PEDOT∶PSS Layer for efficient planar heterojunction perovskite cells[J]. Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2018,51(2):025110.