光化学烟雾的形成机制
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摘要
环境问题是当今世界共同面临的社会问题,主要包括环境污染和生态污染。研究表明,化学污染引起的环境污染尤为严重,光化学烟雾引起的污染不容忽视。因此,探讨光化学烟雾对环境的危害、迁移和转化规律,采取行之有效的防治措施显得非常必要。伴随我国经济的持续高速发展,燃料的消耗量逐年增长,大气中一氧化碳、氮氧化物及碳氢化物等污染物的排放量也迅速增长,这些都是形成光化学烟雾的原料。光化学烟雾一旦形成,影响范围广,其威害性已对城市环境、人体健康、生态环境平衡造成巨大危胁。因此贯彻节能减排政策,控制大气污染物排放量势在必行。文章分析了光化学烟雾形成的条件及机理,阐述了造成的危害和防治措施。
Environmental problems is the world today confronting the social problems,including environmental pollution and environmental pollution and chemical pollution.Studies show that the cause of environmental pollution is particularly serious,the photochemical smog cause pollution to be neglected.Therefore,the photochemical smog damage to the environment and lands and transformation,with the continuing rapid development of our economy,the fuel consumption increased year by year,the atmosphere,carbon monoxide and carbon compound for pollutant emissions also,these are formed the photochemical smog materials.the photochemical smog once formed,influence,the dangers of the urban environment and human health,the ecological environment balance enormous the very real.Therefore carry out energy reduction policies and control of the atmospheric pollutant emissions must be enforced.Article analyses the photochemical smog the terms and mechanisms,the hazards and control measures.
Environmental problems is the world today confronting the social problems,including environmental pollution and environmental pollution and chemical pollution.Studies show that the cause of environmental pollution is particularly serious,the photochemical smog cause pollution to be neglected.Therefore,the photochemical smog damage to the environment and lands and transformation,with the continuing rapid development of our economy,the fuel consumption increased year by year,the atmosphere,carbon monoxide and carbon compound for pollutant emissions also,these are formed the photochemical smog materials.the photochemical smog once formed,influence,the dangers of the urban environment and human health,the ecological environment balance enormous the very real.Therefore carry out energy reduction policies and control of the atmospheric pollutant emissions must be enforced.Article analyses the photochemical smog the terms and mechanisms,the hazards and control measures.
引文
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[15]Durieux E,Fiorani L,Calpini B,et al.Tropospheric ozone measurements over the Great Athens Area during the medcaphot-trace campaign with a new shot-per-shot dial instrument:experimental system and results[J].Atmospheric Environment,1998,32(12):2141-2150.
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[18]张宝成,杨良保.光化学烟雾[J].化学教育,2004(6):1-3.
[19]王云英.光化学烟雾的形成机理与防治措施[J].安徽化工,2003(5):35-37.
[20]曲格平.关注生态安全之一:生态环境问题已经成为国家安全的热门话题[J].环境保护,2002,(5):90-96.
[21]武山,吕子峰,郝吉明,等.大气模拟烟雾箱系统的研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(4):445-453.
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[23]张莉.浅析光化学烟雾的污染问题[M].环境对策与四川环境,2005,24(4):21-25.
[24]戴华茂.光化学烟雾研究综述[M].广东化工,2009,7(36):71-77.
[25]唐孝炎.大气环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990,23(5):41-44.
[2]张远航,邵可声,唐孝炎,等.中国城市光化学烟雾污染研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008,34(2):2-3.
[3]郭子文.美国洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件[J].绿色视野,2005(8):3-7.
[4]李玲,牟瑞芳,潘海泽.光污染与城市建设[M].工业安全与环保,2006,32(12):89-90.
[5]王子亮.光化学烟雾及其化学特征[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2005(2):23-26.
[6]佚名.光化学反应[J].化学知识,2009,(2):12-13.
[7]戴树桂.环境化学[M].高等教育出版社,2006:59-69.
[8]靳卫齐,杨萌.城市光化学烟雾的形成机理与防治[J].化学工业与工程技术,2007,28(3):20-22.
[9]杨菁.光化学烟雾的形成机理及防治措施[J].安阳师范学院学报,2005,(4):35-38.
[10]刘友县.机动NOx污染与光化学烟雾形成的原因分析[J].科技情报开发与经济,2009,19(6):35-48.
[11]黄晓东.碳氢化合物与光化学烟雾[J].福州师专学报(自然科学版),2008,18(2):48-50.
[12]常元勋.环境中有害因素与人体健康[M].北京,化学工业出版社,2000:7-10.
[13]Ari P Leskinen,Markku Kulmala,Kari E J Lehtinen.Growth of nucleation mode particles:Source rates of condensable vapour in a smog chamber[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(32):7405-7411.
[14]Nilsson E J K,Eskebjerg C,Johnson M S.Photochemical dispersion modeling:Review of model concepts and applications studies[J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,(43)18:3029-3033.
[15]Durieux E,Fiorani L,Calpini B,et al.Tropospheric ozone measurements over the Great Athens Area during the medcaphot-trace campaign with a new shot-per-shot dial instrument:experimental system and results[J].Atmospheric Environment,1998,32(12):2141-2150.
[16]Jes Fenger.Air pollution in the last 50 years-From local to global[J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,4(1):13-22.
[17]Charles L Blanchard.Ozone process insights from field experiments-Part III:extent of reaction and ozone formation[J].Atmospheric Environment,2000,34(12)9:2035-2043.
[18]张宝成,杨良保.光化学烟雾[J].化学教育,2004(6):1-3.
[19]王云英.光化学烟雾的形成机理与防治措施[J].安徽化工,2003(5):35-37.
[20]曲格平.关注生态安全之一:生态环境问题已经成为国家安全的热门话题[J].环境保护,2002,(5):90-96.
[21]武山,吕子峰,郝吉明,等.大气模拟烟雾箱系统的研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(4):445-453.
[22]单志强,陈建华.光化学烟雾的形成、危害及防治[M].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,14(3):889-891.
[23]张莉.浅析光化学烟雾的污染问题[M].环境对策与四川环境,2005,24(4):21-25.
[24]戴华茂.光化学烟雾研究综述[M].广东化工,2009,7(36):71-77.
[25]唐孝炎.大气环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990,23(5):41-44.