高温干旱胁迫对白及光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
为研究高温和干旱胁迫对白及光合作用的影响,以2 a生白及为试材,利用人工气候培养箱设置高温、干旱、高温干旱和对照4个处理,于处理的0、7、14和21 d分别测定各处理白及叶片光合和叶绿素荧光特性的变化情况。结果表明:高温、干旱和高温干旱复合胁迫均抑制白及的生长和光合作用。在3种胁迫下,白及叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合参数降低明显;光系统II(PSII)光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、最大量子产额(Yield)、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)等叶绿素荧光参数在试验处理的过程中随着试验的进行逐渐降低,初始荧光(Fo)和NPQ则有所增加。虽然光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数在胁迫下都呈现下降趋势,但光合参数的降低远大于叶绿素荧光参数的降低程度,这表明高温、干旱和高温干旱复合胁迫只影响了白及叶片的光合参数,而对光反应系统并没有造成不可逆的破坏。
In order to study the effects of heat and drought stress on the photosynthesisof Bletillastriata,two-year-old Bletilla was used as a basic material. The plants were grew in a growth chamber. Four treatments of heat,drought,combination of high temperature and drought,and control. The changes of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in the leaves were measured after 0 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d treatments. The results showed that high temperature and drought stress inhibited the growth and photosynthesis of Bletilla. Under the three kinds of stress,the photosynthetic parameters of Bletilla,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the treatments were significantly decreased. Photochemical efficiency( Fv/Fm),maximum quantum yield( Yield),and apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate( ETR) of photosystem II( PSII) were decreased gradually as longer time of treatment,but the initial fluorescence( Fo) and NPQ were increased. The decrease of photosynthetic parameters was much higher than those of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under stress,which indicated that high temperature( 36 ℃) and longer drought period( 21 d) affected the photosynthesis of the leaves of Bletilla,it did not damage the light reaction system did not bringirreversibly.
In order to study the effects of heat and drought stress on the photosynthesisof Bletillastriata,two-year-old Bletilla was used as a basic material. The plants were grew in a growth chamber. Four treatments of heat,drought,combination of high temperature and drought,and control. The changes of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in the leaves were measured after 0 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d treatments. The results showed that high temperature and drought stress inhibited the growth and photosynthesis of Bletilla. Under the three kinds of stress,the photosynthetic parameters of Bletilla,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the treatments were significantly decreased. Photochemical efficiency( Fv/Fm),maximum quantum yield( Yield),and apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate( ETR) of photosystem II( PSII) were decreased gradually as longer time of treatment,but the initial fluorescence( Fo) and NPQ were increased. The decrease of photosynthetic parameters was much higher than those of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under stress,which indicated that high temperature( 36 ℃) and longer drought period( 21 d) affected the photosynthesis of the leaves of Bletilla,it did not damage the light reaction system did not bringirreversibly.
引文
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[24]许申平,王莹博,张燕,等.不同蜜露分泌类型蝴蝶兰叶片的光合生理特性研究[J].植物生理学报,2017(53):445-453.
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[27]汪本福,黄金鹏,杨晓龙,等.干旱胁迫抑制作物光合作用机理研究进展[J],湖北农业科学,2014,53(23):5628-5632.
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[30]任少华,李媛媛,邹军,等.高温胁迫对四种兰科植物叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,42(12):70-74.
[31]LAWLOR D W,CORNIC G.Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants.[J]Plant Cell&Environment,2002,25(2):275-294.
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:一部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:103.
[3]刘光斌,黄忠,黄长干,等.天然植物白芨胶的功能及在化妆品中的应用[J].日用化学品科学,2005,28(8):22-24.
[4]孙达锋,史劲松,张卫明,等.白芨多糖胶研究进展[J].食品科学,2009,30(3):296-298.
[5]林福林,杨昌云,杨薇薇,等.中药白芨的现代研究概况[J].中国医院药学杂志,2013,33(7):571-573.
[6]和志娇,吕丽芬,杨丽云,等.白芨种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(4):1081-1085.
[7]吴明开,刘海,沈志君,等.珍稀药用植物白及光合与蒸腾生理生态及抗旱特性[J].生态学报,2013,33(18):5531-5537.
[8]贺安娜,李胜华,朱亚.白及不同月份光合作用比较研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(22):162-165.
[9]SOLOMON S,QIN D,MANNING M,et al.Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental Panel on Climate change[M].Cambridge&New York:Cambridge University Press,2013.
[10]TERRY L R,JEFF T P,KIMBERLY R H,et al.Fingerprints of global warming on wildanimals and plants[J].Nature,2003,421(6918):57-60.
[11]CRAIG D A,ALISON K M,HAROUNC,et al.A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2010,259(4):660-684.
[12]刘玲,沙奕卓,白月明.中国主要农业气象灾害区域分布与减灾对策[J].自然灾害学报,2003,12(2):92-97.
[13]SALVUCCIME,CRAFTS-BRANDNER SJ.Inhibition of photosynthesis by heat stress:the activation state of Rubisco as a limiting factor in photosynthesis[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2004,120(2):179-186
[14]BERRY J,BJORKMAN O.Photosynthetic response and adaptation to temperature in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1980,31(673):491-543.
[15]ROUHI V,SAMSON R,LEMEUR R,et al.Photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in three different almondspecies during drought stress and subsequent recovery[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2007,59(2):117-129.
[16]EKMEKCI Y,BOHMS A,THOMSON J A,et al.Photochemical and antioxidantresponses in the leaves of xerophyte viscosa Bakerand Digitariasanguinalis L.under water deficit[J].Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung,2005,60(5/6):435-443.
[17]MOHSENZADEH S,MALBOOBI M A,RAZAVI K,et al.Physiological and molecular responses of Aeluropus-lagopoides(Poaceae)to water deficit[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2006,56(3):314-322.
[18]MAHROOKASHANIA,SIEBERT S,HUGING Het al.Independent and combined effects of high temperature and drought stress around anthesis on wheat[j].Journal Of Agronomy And Crop Science,2017,203(6):453-463.
[19]ZANDALINAS S I,MITTLER R,BALFAG N D,et al.Plant adaptations to the combination of drought and high temperatures.[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2018,162(1):2-12.
[20]JIA J,JING Z,SHI W,et al.Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the roles of overlapping heat-/drought-responsive genes in poplars exposed to high temperature and drought[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:43215.
[21]魏霞,李守中,郑怀周,等.叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光在植物逆境生理研究中的应用[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,23(4):124-128.
[22]蒙祖庆,宋丰萍,刘振兴,等.干旱及复水对油菜苗期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(1):040-047.
[23]赵弢,高志奎,徐广辉,等.非调制式荧光仪测定叶绿素荧光参数的研究[J].生物物理学报,2006,22(1):34-38.
[24]许申平,王莹博,张燕,等.不同蜜露分泌类型蝴蝶兰叶片的光合生理特性研究[J].植物生理学报,2017(53):445-453.
[25]LU C,ZHANG J.Effects of water stress on photosystem II photochemistry and its thermostability in wheat plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany.1999,50(336):1199-1206.
[26]叶波,吴永波,邵维,等.高温干旱复合胁迫及复水对构树(Broussonetiapapyrifera)幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(9):2343-2349.
[27]汪本福,黄金鹏,杨晓龙,等.干旱胁迫抑制作物光合作用机理研究进展[J],湖北农业科学,2014,53(23):5628-5632.
[28]云建英,杨甲定,赵哈林.干旱和高温对植物光合作用的影响机制研究进展[J],西北植物学报,2006,26(3):641-648
[29]YAMAZAKI J Y,KAMATA K,MARUTA E.Seasonal changes in the excess energy dissipation from photosystem II antennae in overwintering evergreen broad-leaved trees Quercusmyrsinaefolia and Machilus thunbergii[J].J Photochem Photobiol B.2011,104(1/2):348-356.
[30]任少华,李媛媛,邹军,等.高温胁迫对四种兰科植物叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,42(12):70-74.
[31]LAWLOR D W,CORNIC G.Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants.[J]Plant Cell&Environment,2002,25(2):275-294.