不同光温胁迫对成熟期烤烟光合生理特性的影响
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摘要
为探究成熟期烤烟对环境胁迫的响应规律,以云烟87为供试材料,采用盆栽试验,模拟湖南烟区烤烟生育后期的高温强光胁迫,分析不同光温胁迫对成熟期烤烟光合生理特性的影响。结果表明:(1)随着光照强度的变化,常温下烟株蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率的变化明显,在80 000 lux处达到最大值;高温下烟株蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率则明显降低。(2)整体上,同等光强下,高温处理的烟株蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率呈下降趋势,胞间CO_2浓度升高。(3)高温强光胁迫下,成熟期烤烟的蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率均显著降低,胞间CO_2浓度升高,光合能力下降。(4)相关性分析表明,烤烟净光合速率与气孔导度呈极显著正相关,蒸腾速率与净光合速率、气孔导度呈显著正相关。
To investigate the effects of environmental stress on flue-cured tobacco at mature stage,a pot experiment using Yunyan 87 as an experimental leaf was conducted to simulate high temperature and high light intensity at late growth stages in Hunan tobacco-planting areas.The effects of light and temperature stress on the photosynthetic characteristic of Yunyan 87 at mature stage were analyzed.The results showed that:1)With the variation in light intensity,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of the flue-cured tobacco differed significantly at normal temperature,and peaked at 80 000 lux;while all of them significantly decreased at high temperature.2) Generally,at the same light intensity,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of the tobacco decreased and intercellular CO_2 concentration increased at high temperature.3) Under high light and temperature stress,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased,intercellular CO_2 concentration increased,and the photosynthetic capacity reduced.4) Correlation analysis indicated that net photosynthetic rate significantly positively correlated to stomatal conductance of the flue-cured tobacco and transpiration rate positively correlated to net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.
To investigate the effects of environmental stress on flue-cured tobacco at mature stage,a pot experiment using Yunyan 87 as an experimental leaf was conducted to simulate high temperature and high light intensity at late growth stages in Hunan tobacco-planting areas.The effects of light and temperature stress on the photosynthetic characteristic of Yunyan 87 at mature stage were analyzed.The results showed that:1)With the variation in light intensity,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of the flue-cured tobacco differed significantly at normal temperature,and peaked at 80 000 lux;while all of them significantly decreased at high temperature.2) Generally,at the same light intensity,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of the tobacco decreased and intercellular CO_2 concentration increased at high temperature.3) Under high light and temperature stress,the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased,intercellular CO_2 concentration increased,and the photosynthetic capacity reduced.4) Correlation analysis indicated that net photosynthetic rate significantly positively correlated to stomatal conductance of the flue-cured tobacco and transpiration rate positively correlated to net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.
引文
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[2]薛宝燕,沈嘉,姜超强,等.两种典型环境对烤烟香型风格及致香物质的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(3):1-7.XU Baoyan,SHEN Jia,JIANG Chaoqiang,et al.Influence of two typical environments on flavor type and aroma substances of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2016,37(3):1-7.
[3]李亚伟,史宏志,梁晓芳,等.国内主要浓香型烟区烟草生长期气候时空变化分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(7):22-30.LI Yawei,SHI Hongzhi,LIANG Xiaofang,et al.Spatial-temporal climate variability analysis in typical robust flavor style tobacco-planting areas during growth period[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(7):22-30.
[4]肖春生,汪耀富,莫骏坚,等.湘南烤烟生理特性对生育前期烟田水分的响应[J].烟草科技,2013(10):68-71.XIAO Chunsheng,WANG Yaofu,MO Junjian,et al.Physiological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco responding to soil moisture content at early growth stage in south Hunan[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2013(10):68-71.
[5]杨永霞,张嘉炜,贾宏昉,等.成熟期温度对烟叶质体色素积累及香气成分的影响[J].烟草科技,2016,49(5):16-22.YANG Yongxia,ZHANG Jiawei,JIA Hongfang,et al.Effects of temperature on plastid pigment accumulation and aroma components in tobacco leaves at mature stage[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2016,49(5):16-22.
[6]张林,祖朝龙,解莹莹,等.行向与行距对烟田水、温和光照条件及烤烟生长的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2013,34(5):7-12.ZHANG Lin,ZU Chaolong,XIE Yingying,et al.Effects of row directions and row spacing on soil temperature,soil moisture,illumination and growth of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2013,34(5):7-12.
[7]常乃杰.生态因素对云南烤烟品质影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院:2016.CHANG Naijie.Effects of ecological factors on the quality of flue cured tobacco in Yunnan[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences:2016.
[8]薛思嘉,杨再强,李军.黄瓜花期高温热害对叶片光合特性和果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(6):1-7.XUE Sijia,YANG Zaiqiang,LI Jun.Effect of high temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of greenhouse cucumber leaves in flowering stage[J].Northern Horticulture,2017(6):1-7.
[9]黄建,张义志,李宏光,等.增温补光对郴州烤烟漂浮育苗成苗素质的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(2):100-103.HUANG Jian,ZHANG Yizhi,LI Hongguang,et al.Effect of improving temperature and fill-in light on tobacco seedling quality in float system in southern Hunan[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2014,35(2):100-103.
[10]Zou M Q,Yuan L Y,Zhu S D,et al.Effects of heat stress on photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of a heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant cultivar of wucai(Brassica campestris L.)[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2017,39:30.
[11]乔新荣,郭桥燕,刘国顺,等.光强对烤烟生长发育及光合特性的影响[J].华北农学报,2007,22(3):76-79.QIAO Xinrong,GUO Qiaoyan,LIU Guoshun,et al.Effects of light intensity on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2007,22(3):76-79.
[12]龚婷.不同生态因子对烟草生长及光合特性的影响研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2013.GONG Ting.Effect of different ecological factors on growth and photosynthesis of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2013.
[13]刘柏林,李俊业,陈建军,等.人工遮光对不同烤烟品种(系)生长发育和光合特性的影响[J].烟草科技,2016,49(1):14-22.LIU Bolin,LI Junye,CHEN Jianjun,et al.Effects of artificial shading on growth,development and photosynthetic characteristics of different varieties of flue-cured tobacco[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2016,49(1):14-22.
[14]尤小杰.优质烟草生产实用技术[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2011.YOU Xiaojie.Practical technology for high quality tobacco production[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2011.
[15]韩锦峰.烟草栽培生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.HAN Jinfeng.Tobacco cultivation physiology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,1996.
[16]李平,周清明,杨虹琦,等.湘南烟区气象因子与烤烟理化指标分析[J].烟草科技,2013(11):61-66.LI Ping,ZHOU Qingming,YANG Hongqi,et al.Correlation of meteorological factors in southern Hunan tobacco growing areas with physical and chemical indicators of flue-cured tobacco[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2013(11):61-66.
[17]杨利云,段胜智,李军营,等.不同温度对烟草生长发育及光合作用的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(2):330-338.YANG Liyun,DUAN Shengzhi,LI Junying,et al.Effects of different temperatures on growth,development and photosynthesis of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)plants[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2017,37(2):330-338.
[18]刘劲松,刘贞琦.温度对烟苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2002,21(2):83-88.LIU Jinsong,LIU Zhenqi.Effect of temperature on the seedling growth and photosynthetic characters of tobacco[J].Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,2002,21(2):83-88.
[19]覃鹏,曾淑华,刘飞虎,等.光强对K326盛花期光合作用的影响[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2003,25(增刊1):97-100.QIN Peng,ZENG Shuhua,LIU Feihu,et al.Effect of different light intensity on photosynthesis of K326vigorous florescence[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science),2003,25(S1):97-100.
[20]李合生.现代植物生理学[M].第2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.LI Hesheng.Modern plant physiology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[21]魏明月,云菲,刘国顺,等.不同光环境下烟草光合特性及同化产物的积累与分配机制[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(1):159-168.WEI Mingyue,YUN Fei,LIU Guoshun,et al.Response of photosynthetic characteristics and accumulation and distribution of assimilation products in tobacco to different light environments[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(1):159-168.
[22]王一峰,李怡颖.温度变化对沙生风毛菊光合特性的影响[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):79-84.WANG Yifeng,LI Yiying.Photosynthetic traits of Saussurea arenaria Maxim under temperature variation[J].Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science),2017,53(1):79-84.
[23]钟楚,朱勇.烟草气孔导度对光强的响应[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(8):966-972.ZHONG Chu,ZHU Yong.Response of stomatal conductance to light in tobacco plants[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013,21(8):966-972.
[24]高冠龙,张小由,常宗强,等.植物气孔导度的环境响应模拟及其尺度扩展[J].生态学报,2016,36(6):1491-1500.GAO Guanlong,ZHANG Xiaoyou,CHANG Zongqiang,et al.Environmental response simulation and the up-scaling of plant stomatal conductance[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(6):1491-1500.
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