基于激光全息法的复式光子晶体计算机仿真研究
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摘要
复式光子晶体是指由2套或以上简单光子晶体嵌套而成的光学微结构,有效获得特殊元胞形状的复式光子晶体是人们追求的目标。从多光束干涉原理出发,探讨了激光全息法产生复式光子晶体的实现机理及光路配置,利用对称配置的六束相干光实现了3套简单晶格嵌套而成的复式三角晶格光子晶体。进一步利用MATLAB编程进行计算机仿真,系统讨论了光束偏振组合对复式三角晶格光子晶体元胞形状和对比度的影响,获得了圆环、缺口环、弯月形、矩形等不同元胞形状的复式光子晶体,并对其偏振组合的影响规律进行了分析总结。以上研究为设计复杂元胞形状的新颖复式光子晶体提供了有效途径。
Complex photonic crystals(CPCs)are optical microstructures consisting of two or more sets of simple photonic crystals.It has been a long-term goal to achieve CPCs with various special unitcell shapes.Based on multi-beam interference principle,the realization mechanism and beam configuration for generating CPCs by laser holography method are discussed.Complex triangular photonic crystals composed of three sets of simple lattices are realized by using six coherent beams of symmetric beam configuration.Furthermore,computer simulations are carried out to systematically study the influence of the polarization combinations of light beams on the shape and contrast of the unitcell.CPCs with various unitcells,including ring,split-ring,meniscus and rectangle,are obtained under different polarization combinations.The above studies provide an effective way to design CPCs with special unitcells.
Complex photonic crystals(CPCs)are optical microstructures consisting of two or more sets of simple photonic crystals.It has been a long-term goal to achieve CPCs with various special unitcell shapes.Based on multi-beam interference principle,the realization mechanism and beam configuration for generating CPCs by laser holography method are discussed.Complex triangular photonic crystals composed of three sets of simple lattices are realized by using six coherent beams of symmetric beam configuration.Furthermore,computer simulations are carried out to systematically study the influence of the polarization combinations of light beams on the shape and contrast of the unitcell.CPCs with various unitcells,including ring,split-ring,meniscus and rectangle,are obtained under different polarization combinations.The above studies provide an effective way to design CPCs with special unitcells.
引文
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[22]UMMER K V,VIJAYA R.All-angle negative refraction effects and subwavelength imaging in photonic crystals with honeycomb lattice[J].Journal of Nanophotonics,2017,11(3):036005.
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[28]LEE S G,JUNG S Y,LEE J,et al.Self-collimation-based photonic crystal Mach-Zehnder demultiplexer[J].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,2016,18(9):095103.
[29]ZUO Y F,LI P L,LUAN K Z,et al.Heterojunction polarization beam splitter based on self-collimation in photonic crystal[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(3):034204.
[30]KOSAKA H,KAWASHIMA T,TOMITA A,et al.Superprism phenomena in photonic Crystals[J].Phys Rev B,1998,58(16):10096-10099.
[31]LIANG W,LIU X,YIN M.Large-angle beam splitter with sensitive adjustable power ratio based on superprism effect[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2013,46(49):495109.
[32]NOTOMI M.Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals:Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap[J].Phys Rev B,2000,62(16):10696-10705.
[33]崔珂珂,李培丽,郑加金.基于光子晶体自准直效应的太赫兹波开关[J].光电子·激光,2017,28(8):824-829.
[34]任坤,范景洋,任晓斌.非互易光传输方向的主动调控[J].光学学报,2017,37(7):0726003.
[35]冯志芳,王义全,张道中,等.利用复式原胞实现二维光子晶体中的完全带隙[J].北京工业大学学报,2004,30(3):390-392.
[36]YABLONOVITCH E,Gmitter T J,Leung K M.Photonic band structure:the fcc case employing non-spherical atoms[J].Physical Review Letters,1991,67(17):2295-2298.
[37]LONCAR M,DOLL T,VUCKOVIC J,et al.Design and fabrication of silicon photonic crystal optical waveguides[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2000,18(10):1402-1411.
[37]NODA S,YAMAMOTO N,IMADA M,et al.Alignment and stacking of semiconductor photonic bandgaps by waferfusion[J].Lightwave Technology Journal of,1999,17(11):1948-1955.
[38]ZBAY E,ABEYTA A,TUTTLE G,et al.Measurement of a three-dimensional photonic band gap in a crystal structure made of dielectric rods[J].Phys Rev B,1994,50(3):1945-1948.
[40]JIA T,BABA M,SUZUKI M,et al.Fabrication of two-dimensional periodic nanostructures by two-beam interference of femtosecond pulses[J].Optics Express,2008,16(3):1874-1878.
[41]JIN C J,MCLACHLAN M A,MCCOMB D W,et al.Template-assisted growth of nominally cubic(100)-oriented three-dimensional crack-free photonic crystals[J].Nano Letters,2005,5(12):2646-2650.
[42]MAO W D,ZHONG Y C,DONG J W,et al.Crystallography of two-dimensional photonic lattices formed by holography of three noncoplanar beams[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B:Optical Physics,2005,22(5):1085-1091.
[43]LU H,ZHAO Q L,ZHANG Q Y,et al.Fabrication of two-dimensional superposed microstructure by interference lithography[J].Appl Opt,2012,51(3):302-305.
[44]吕浩,尤凯,兰燕燕,等.非对称光束干涉制备二维微纳光子结构研究[J].物理学报,2017,66(21):217801.
[45]SUN X H,WU Y L,LIU W,et al.Fabrication of ten-fold photonic quasicrystalline structures[J].AIP Advances,2015,5(5):057108.
[46]王霞,吕浩,赵秋玲,等.激光全息光刻技术在微纳光子结构制备中的应用进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(11):3461-3469.
[2]YABLONOVITCH E.Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics[J].Phys Rev Lett,1987,58(20):2059-2062.
[3]JOHN S.Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices[J].Phys Rev Lett,1987,58(23):2486-2489.
[4]刘紫雁,唐吉玉,刘娟,等.介质环型三重晶格光子晶体的带隙[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(11):111603.
[5]陈敏,万婷,王征,等.宽绝对禁带的一维磁性光子晶体结构[J].物理学报,2017,66(1):014204.
[6]苏安,欧阳志平,王高,等.二元级联结构光子晶体的全向反射镜功能[J].激光与红外工程,2016,45(S2):S221001.
[7]YIN Y F,LAN W Y,LIN T C,et al.High-speed visible light communication using GaN-based light-emitting diodes with photonic crystals[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2017,35(2):258-264.
[8]WEILY A R,ESSELLE K P,SANDERS B C.Photonic crystal horn and array antennas[J].Phys Rev E,2003,68(1):016603.
[9]FUMEAUX C,FUJITA M,YAMADA R,et al.All-dielectric integration of dielectric resonator antenna and photonic crystal waveguide[J].Optics Express,2017,25(13):14706-14714.
[10]FIGOTIN A,GORENTSVEIG V.Localized electromagnetic waves in a layered periodic dielectric medium with a defect[J].Phys Rev B,1998,58(1):180-188.
[11]XIAO X,WANG W,LI S,et al.Investigation of defect modes with Al2O3 and TiO2in one-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics,2016,127(1):135-138.
[12]宗易昕,夏建白,武海斌.介质/介质和金属/介质光子晶体的光子能带和光子态密度[J].激光与光电子学进展,2016,53(3):031602.
[13]钱琛江,谢昕,杨静南,等.二维平板光子晶体微腔与波导的耦合[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017(3):1-13.
[14]TONG W,WANG J,WANG J,et al.Magnetically tunable unidirectional waveguide based on magnetic photonic crystals[J].Applied Physics Letters,2016,109(5):053502.
[15]TERADA Y,MIYASAKA K,KONDO K,et al.Optimized optical coupling to silica-clad photonic crystal waveguides[J].Optics Letters,2017,42(22):4695-4698.
[16]GRALAK B,ENOCH S,TAYEB G.Anomalous refractive properties of photonic crystals[J].J Opt Soc Am A,2000,17(6):1012-1020.
[17]BRAVO-ABAD J,OCHIAI T,SNCHEZ-DEHESA J.Anomalous refractive properties of a two-dimensional photonic band-gap prism[J].Phys Rev B,2003,67(11):115116.
[18]FOTEINOPOULOU S,SOUKOULIS C M.Electromagnetic wave propagation in two-dimensional photonic crystals:A study of anomalous refractive effects[J].Phys Rev B,2005,72(16):165112.
[19]LI Z.Anomalous transport of light in photonic crystal[J].Science China(Information Sciences),2013,56(12):120405.
[20]STALIUNAS K,MAIGYTE L,BOTEY M,et al.Beam shaping in two-dimensional metallic photonic crystals[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2014,31(4):686-690.
[21]OHLINGER K,OLVERA I,LIN Y K.Negative refraction behaviors in two-dimensional elliptical-rod photonic crystals in a centered rectangular lattice[J].J Appl Phys,2009,106(2):023516.
[22]UMMER K V,VIJAYA R.All-angle negative refraction effects and subwavelength imaging in photonic crystals with honeycomb lattice[J].Journal of Nanophotonics,2017,11(3):036005.
[23]ROMANO S,DE LUCA A C,DE TOMMASI E,et al.Observation of resonant states in negative refractive photonic crystals[J].Journal of the European Optical Society,2014,9(1):14006.
[24]UMMER K V,VIJAYA R.All-angle negative refraction effects and subwavelength imaging in photonic crystals with honeycomb lattice[J].Journal of Nanophotonics,2017,11(3):036005.
[25]MENG F,LI S,LIN H,et al.Topology optimization of photonic structures for all-angle negative refraction[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2016(S117/118):46-56.
[26]KOSAKA H,KAWASHIMA T,TOMITA A,et al.Self-collimating phenomena in photonic crystals[J].Appl Phys Lett,1999,74(9):1212-1214.
[27]WITZENS J,SCHERER A.Efficient excitation of self-collimated beams and single Bloch modes in planar photonic crystals[J].J Opt Soc Am A,2003,20(5):935-940.
[28]LEE S G,JUNG S Y,LEE J,et al.Self-collimation-based photonic crystal Mach-Zehnder demultiplexer[J].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,2016,18(9):095103.
[29]ZUO Y F,LI P L,LUAN K Z,et al.Heterojunction polarization beam splitter based on self-collimation in photonic crystal[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(3):034204.
[30]KOSAKA H,KAWASHIMA T,TOMITA A,et al.Superprism phenomena in photonic Crystals[J].Phys Rev B,1998,58(16):10096-10099.
[31]LIANG W,LIU X,YIN M.Large-angle beam splitter with sensitive adjustable power ratio based on superprism effect[J].Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2013,46(49):495109.
[32]NOTOMI M.Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals:Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap[J].Phys Rev B,2000,62(16):10696-10705.
[33]崔珂珂,李培丽,郑加金.基于光子晶体自准直效应的太赫兹波开关[J].光电子·激光,2017,28(8):824-829.
[34]任坤,范景洋,任晓斌.非互易光传输方向的主动调控[J].光学学报,2017,37(7):0726003.
[35]冯志芳,王义全,张道中,等.利用复式原胞实现二维光子晶体中的完全带隙[J].北京工业大学学报,2004,30(3):390-392.
[36]YABLONOVITCH E,Gmitter T J,Leung K M.Photonic band structure:the fcc case employing non-spherical atoms[J].Physical Review Letters,1991,67(17):2295-2298.
[37]LONCAR M,DOLL T,VUCKOVIC J,et al.Design and fabrication of silicon photonic crystal optical waveguides[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2000,18(10):1402-1411.
[37]NODA S,YAMAMOTO N,IMADA M,et al.Alignment and stacking of semiconductor photonic bandgaps by waferfusion[J].Lightwave Technology Journal of,1999,17(11):1948-1955.
[38]ZBAY E,ABEYTA A,TUTTLE G,et al.Measurement of a three-dimensional photonic band gap in a crystal structure made of dielectric rods[J].Phys Rev B,1994,50(3):1945-1948.
[40]JIA T,BABA M,SUZUKI M,et al.Fabrication of two-dimensional periodic nanostructures by two-beam interference of femtosecond pulses[J].Optics Express,2008,16(3):1874-1878.
[41]JIN C J,MCLACHLAN M A,MCCOMB D W,et al.Template-assisted growth of nominally cubic(100)-oriented three-dimensional crack-free photonic crystals[J].Nano Letters,2005,5(12):2646-2650.
[42]MAO W D,ZHONG Y C,DONG J W,et al.Crystallography of two-dimensional photonic lattices formed by holography of three noncoplanar beams[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B:Optical Physics,2005,22(5):1085-1091.
[43]LU H,ZHAO Q L,ZHANG Q Y,et al.Fabrication of two-dimensional superposed microstructure by interference lithography[J].Appl Opt,2012,51(3):302-305.
[44]吕浩,尤凯,兰燕燕,等.非对称光束干涉制备二维微纳光子结构研究[J].物理学报,2017,66(21):217801.
[45]SUN X H,WU Y L,LIU W,et al.Fabrication of ten-fold photonic quasicrystalline structures[J].AIP Advances,2015,5(5):057108.
[46]王霞,吕浩,赵秋玲,等.激光全息光刻技术在微纳光子结构制备中的应用进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(11):3461-3469.