我国苹果产业节本增效关键技术Ⅱ:现代宽行高干省力高效栽培模式创建技术
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摘要
针对我国苹果主产区生态系统的多样性及降水的时空不均衡性和不匹配性、一家一户分散经营的长久性及果农转型升级的迫切性、芽变选种与苹果短枝型芽变品种品质、栽培模式变革与其整形修剪方式以及良种与良法配套等苹果现代栽培模式创建中的问题,提出按照因时因地制宜及多样化原则,创建适合我国国情的现代宽行高干省力高效栽培模式,包括灌溉区的矮化自根砧、干旱区的抗性砧优质短及冷凉区的抗性砧穗组合等3种模式。
In view of the diversity of the ecosystem and the spatial and temporal imbalance and mismatch of rainfall in the main apple producing areas in China,the long term of a decentralized management and the urgency of farmers' transformation and up-grading,and the problems in the establishment of modern apple cultivation mode,such as the shaping and pruning methods and the matching of good variety and method,we must follow the principle of local conditions and diversification to create the high efficient cultivation technology of wide row and high trunk suitable for China's national conditions,including dwarf rootstocks of irrigated area,resistance rootstocks in arid area and resistant rootstock and scion combination in cold area.
In view of the diversity of the ecosystem and the spatial and temporal imbalance and mismatch of rainfall in the main apple producing areas in China,the long term of a decentralized management and the urgency of farmers' transformation and up-grading,and the problems in the establishment of modern apple cultivation mode,such as the shaping and pruning methods and the matching of good variety and method,we must follow the principle of local conditions and diversification to create the high efficient cultivation technology of wide row and high trunk suitable for China's national conditions,including dwarf rootstocks of irrigated area,resistance rootstocks in arid area and resistant rootstock and scion combination in cold area.
引文
[1]陈学森,毛志泉,沈向,等.我国苹果产业节本增效关键技术Ⅰ:易着色功能型苹果新品种培育及无袋化栽培技术.中国果树,2017(1):1-4.
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[4]宋杨,张艳敏,刘金,等.GA含量与其合成酶基因在‘长富2号’苹果及其短枝型芽变品种之间的比较分析.中国农业科学,2012,45(13):2668-2675.
[5]宋杨,张艳敏,王传增,等.苹果光敏色素作用因子基因PIF的克隆和分析.园艺学报,2012,39(4):743-748.
[6]宋杨,张艳敏,刘美艳,等.短枝型苹果MdRGL基因的克隆及原核表达分析.中国农业科学,2012,45(7):1347-1354.
[7]宋杨,吴树敬,张艳敏,等.短枝型苹果SSH文库构建及相关基因表达分析.中国农业科学,2013,46(20):4301-4309.
[8]宋杨,张艳敏,吴树敬,等.短枝型苹果赤霉素受体基因Md GID1a及其启动子克隆和表达分析.园艺学报,2013,40(11):2237-2244.
[9]冀晓昊,毛志泉,张艳敏,等.晚熟苹果新品种‘山农红’.园艺学报,2014,41(7):1503-1504.
[10]Xu Y T,Feng S Q,Jiao Q Q,et al.Comparison of Md MYB1 sequences and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes between Malus domestica Borkh.cultivar‘Ralls’and its blushed sport.Euphytica,2012,185(2):157-170.
[11]刘晓静,冯宝春,冯守千,等.‘国光’苹果及其红色芽变花青苷合成与相关酶活性的研究.园艺学报,2009,36(9):1249-1254.
[12]陈学森,韩明玉,苏桂林,等.当今世界苹果产业发展趋势及我国苹果优质高效发展意见.果树学报,2010,27(4):323-327.
[2]陈学森,郭文武,徐娟,等.主要果树果实品质遗传改良与提升实践.中国农业科学,2015,48(17):3524-3540.
[3]陈学森,王恩琪,毛志泉,等.短枝型苹果新品种‘龙富’.园艺学报,2013,40(9):1851-1852.
[4]宋杨,张艳敏,刘金,等.GA含量与其合成酶基因在‘长富2号’苹果及其短枝型芽变品种之间的比较分析.中国农业科学,2012,45(13):2668-2675.
[5]宋杨,张艳敏,王传增,等.苹果光敏色素作用因子基因PIF的克隆和分析.园艺学报,2012,39(4):743-748.
[6]宋杨,张艳敏,刘美艳,等.短枝型苹果MdRGL基因的克隆及原核表达分析.中国农业科学,2012,45(7):1347-1354.
[7]宋杨,吴树敬,张艳敏,等.短枝型苹果SSH文库构建及相关基因表达分析.中国农业科学,2013,46(20):4301-4309.
[8]宋杨,张艳敏,吴树敬,等.短枝型苹果赤霉素受体基因Md GID1a及其启动子克隆和表达分析.园艺学报,2013,40(11):2237-2244.
[9]冀晓昊,毛志泉,张艳敏,等.晚熟苹果新品种‘山农红’.园艺学报,2014,41(7):1503-1504.
[10]Xu Y T,Feng S Q,Jiao Q Q,et al.Comparison of Md MYB1 sequences and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes between Malus domestica Borkh.cultivar‘Ralls’and its blushed sport.Euphytica,2012,185(2):157-170.
[11]刘晓静,冯宝春,冯守千,等.‘国光’苹果及其红色芽变花青苷合成与相关酶活性的研究.园艺学报,2009,36(9):1249-1254.
[12]陈学森,韩明玉,苏桂林,等.当今世界苹果产业发展趋势及我国苹果优质高效发展意见.果树学报,2010,27(4):323-327.