连续光谱地表反射特性自动观测辐射计的光机设计
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摘要
介绍了连续光谱地表反射特性自动观测辐射计(SCR)的光机系统设计.SCR辐射计的光谱范围为400~2 400 nm,能够实现地表反射率的长期自动观测.所设计的SCR辐射计使用经过定标的漫反射参考板作为反射率标准,漫反射参考板通过转臂自动切入、切出测量光路.为保证参考板在野外的长期适用性,设计了参考板清洁机构.对易发生失效的转臂进行静力学分析.结果表明:转轴位置会发生应力集中,且距离转轴位置越远,变形量越大,变形引起的参考板水平误差在0.3°以内,满足应用需求.为验证SCR辐射计测量数据的准确性和仪器的可靠性,设计了SCR辐射计和SVC光谱仪的比对试验.试验结果表明:两台仪器所测量的反射率具有相同的变化趋势,二者偏差普遍在±1%以内,最大偏差在±3.5%以内.SCR辐射计能够实现较高精度的反射率数据自动测量,在卫星遥感器外场自动化定标和高频次定标方面具有重要应用前景.
The opt-mechanical design of a Spectrally-Continuous Radiometer( SCR) for surface reflectance automation observation was described. Operating in 400 ~ 2 400 nm,the SCR can automatically measure the surface reflectance of radiometric calibration site to get continuous and hyperspectral reflectance data. A calibrated white diffused panel was used as the reflectance standard,and the panel was cut into and out of the optical measurement path through a rotatable mechanical arm. An air-cleaning mechanism was designed to keep the panel clean which is very important for the long-term applicability of the SCR in the field. The static analysis was carried out for the rotating arm using the static structural module of ANSYS WORKBENCH,because the roating arm is prone to failure. The results showed that some stress concentrations located at the rotating shaft position,the deformation was larger as farther away from the rotating shaft,and the maximum deformation can caused a inclination within 0. 3°. To verify the accuracy and reliability of the SCR,experiment was carried out with SCR and SVC. The results showed that the reflectance measured with two devices had thesame trend,the deviation was generally within ± 1%,and the maximum deviation was within ± 3. 5%,which demonstrated that the SCR could achieve highly accurate reflectance data in automation manners and have broad application prospects in field-based automation calibration and high-frequency calibration for satellite-based remote sensors.
The opt-mechanical design of a Spectrally-Continuous Radiometer( SCR) for surface reflectance automation observation was described. Operating in 400 ~ 2 400 nm,the SCR can automatically measure the surface reflectance of radiometric calibration site to get continuous and hyperspectral reflectance data. A calibrated white diffused panel was used as the reflectance standard,and the panel was cut into and out of the optical measurement path through a rotatable mechanical arm. An air-cleaning mechanism was designed to keep the panel clean which is very important for the long-term applicability of the SCR in the field. The static analysis was carried out for the rotating arm using the static structural module of ANSYS WORKBENCH,because the roating arm is prone to failure. The results showed that some stress concentrations located at the rotating shaft position,the deformation was larger as farther away from the rotating shaft,and the maximum deformation can caused a inclination within 0. 3°. To verify the accuracy and reliability of the SCR,experiment was carried out with SCR and SVC. The results showed that the reflectance measured with two devices had thesame trend,the deviation was generally within ± 1%,and the maximum deviation was within ± 3. 5%,which demonstrated that the SCR could achieve highly accurate reflectance data in automation manners and have broad application prospects in field-based automation calibration and high-frequency calibration for satellite-based remote sensors.
引文
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[17]LI Li,QIAO Yan-li,GU Xing-fa,et al.A laboratory verification method of wide field vision effect based on miniature model[J].Remote Sensing Information,2013,28(2):70-75,81.李丽,乔延利,顾行发,等.基于缩微模型法的宽视场效应实验室验证方法的研究[J].遥感信息,2013,28(2):70-75,81.
[2]GAO Hai-liang,GU Xing-fa,YU Tao,et al.The research overview on visible and near infrared channels radiometric calibration of space-borne optical remote sensors[J].Remote Sensing Information,2010,4:117-128.高海亮,顾行发,余涛等.星载光学遥感器可见近红外通道辐射定标研究进展[J].遥感信息,2010,4:117-128.
[3]DONG Yi,LV Jia-yan,SONG Qing-tao,et al.Reflectance radiation calibration principle and process introduction[J].Innovation and Application of Science and Technology,2016,24:71-72.董毅,吕佳彦,宋青涛等.反射率基法辐射定标原理和流程介绍[J].科技创新与应用,2016,24:71-72.
[4]HU Xiu-qing,ZHANG Xiu-xiang,QIU Kang-mu.In-flight radiometric calibration for VIR channels of FY-1C satellite sensor by using irradiance-based method[J].Journal of Remote sensing,2003,7(6):458-464.胡秀清,张秀香,邱康睦.采用辐照度基法对FY-1C气象卫星可见近红外通道进行绝对辐射定标[J].遥感学报,2003,7(6):458-464.
[5]LI Xin,ZHENG Xiao-bing,YIN Ya-peng.Progress inautomated site vicarious calibration technologies[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics,2014,9(1):17-21.李新,郑小兵,尹亚鹏.场地自动化定标技术进展[J].大气与环境光学学报,2014,9(1):17-21.
[6]SCHMECHTG C,SANTER R P,ROGER J-C,et al.Automatic ground-based station for vicarious calibration[C].SPIE,1997,3221:309-317.
[7]KEROLA D X,BRUEGGE C J,GROSS H N,et al.On-orbit calibration of the EO-1 Hyperion and advanced land imager(ALI)sensors using the LED spectrometer(LSpec)automated facility[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2009,47(4):1244-1255.
[8]CZAPLA-MYERS J S,THOME K J,LESSO N P.Radiometric calibration of earth-observing sensors using an automated test site at Railroad Valley Nevada[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing,2010,36(5):474-487.
[9]CZAPLA-MYERS J S.Automated ground-based methodology in support of vicarious calibration[D].Tucson:The University of Arizona,2006:41-43,54-57.
[10]QIU Gang-gang,LI Xin,WEI Wei,et al.Experiment and analysis of on-orbit radiometric calibration for remote sensors based on in-site automated observation technology[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(7):0701001.邱刚刚,李新,韦玮等.基于场地自动化观测技术的遥感器在轨辐射定标实验与分析[J].光学学报,2016,36(7):0701001.
[11]LI Xin,ZHENG Xiao-bing,XUN Li-na,et al.Design of automated field hyperspectral BRDF measurement system[J].Optical Technique,2008,34(2):262-268.李新,郑小兵,寻丽娜等.室外高光谱BRDF自动测量系统的设计[J].光学技术,2008,34(2):262-268.
[12]SANDMEIER S T,MULLER C H,HOSGOOD B,et al.Sensitivity analysis and quality assessment of laboratory BRDF data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1998,64:176-191.
[13]DUGGIN M J,CUNIA T.Ground reflectance measurement techniques:a comparison[J].Applied Optics,1983,22(23):3771-3777.
[14]LI Xin,ZHENG Xiao-bing,HONG Jin,et al.Optical and mechanical design of SWIR hyperspectral field spectroradiometer[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2007,15(11):1656-1661.李新,郑小兵,洪津,等.高光谱短波红外地物光谱仪光机设计[J].光学精密工程,2007,15(11):1656-1661.
[15]张岩.ANSYS Workbench 15.0有限元分析从入门到精通[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2014:133-149.
[16]TANG Chuan-jun,ZHANG Jian,LI Jian,et al.Fatigue analysis of transmission gear shaft based on workbench[J].Automobile Applied Technology,2014,2:1-4.汤传军,张键,李健等.基于Workbench变速器齿轮轴的疲劳分析[J].汽车实用技术,2014,2:1-4.
[17]LI Li,QIAO Yan-li,GU Xing-fa,et al.A laboratory verification method of wide field vision effect based on miniature model[J].Remote Sensing Information,2013,28(2):70-75,81.李丽,乔延利,顾行发,等.基于缩微模型法的宽视场效应实验室验证方法的研究[J].遥感信息,2013,28(2):70-75,81.