不同光环境下两种品系坛紫菜DOC分泌特性研究
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摘要
为明确坛紫菜Porphyry haifanesis在生长过程中溶解有机碳(DOC)的分泌特性,以两种品系"洞头本地菜"和"浙东1号"的坛紫菜为材料进行了不同光照(1500、2000、3800 Lx)和黑暗条件下的室内养殖试验,通过测定养殖水体中DOC、溶解无机碳(DIC)含量变化,对DOC分泌特性进行分析。结果表明:在光照强度2800 Lx下,两种品系的坛紫菜DOC分泌速率与DOC分泌量占固碳量的比例均在光照2h时达最高;在光照6 h条件下,坛紫菜DOC分泌速率与DOC分泌量占固碳量的比例均在2000 Lx时最高;随着黑暗时间的延长,两种品系坛紫菜的DOC分泌速率、DOC分泌量占释碳量的比例均逐渐下降,黑暗2h时,DOC分泌量占释碳量的比例"洞头本地菜"最高达66.09%,"浙东1号"最高达75.04%;光照条件下,两种品系坛紫菜DOC的分泌与碳同化的同步性较弱,而黑暗条件下,DOC的分泌与DIC的释放同步性较强;在光照与黑暗条件下,"浙东1号"坛紫菜DOC分泌基本未表现出滞后效应,"洞头本地菜"坛紫菜DOC分泌在光照6 h后表现出微弱的滞后效应。研究表明,坛紫菜在光照或黑暗条件下,均会向水体中分泌DOC,提高海水中的DOC浓度。
Contents of dissolved organic carbon( DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon( DIC) were determined in the water in two strains( "native Dongtou"and "Eastern Zhejiang No.1") of laver Porphyry haifanesis culture in an indoor at water temperature of 23.1 ℃ under fluorescent lamp light for 2,6 and 12 h at illumination intensity of1500,2000 and 3800 Lx and darkness for 2,6 and 12 h in order to make clear the DOC secretion characteristics of the laver during growth. The results showed that the maximal DOC secretion rate and proportion of DOC secretion in carbon sequestration were observed under the light intensity of 2800 Lx for 2 h,and that the same case was found under the light intensity of 2000 Lx for 6 h. The DOC secretion rate and the proportion of DOC secretion in the released carbon were all found to be decreased gradually with the prolonged dark period,with the maximal proportion of DOC secretion in the released carbon in 2 h dark,with up to 66. 09% in strain"native Dongtou",up to 75. 04%in strain "Eastern Zhejiang No. 1". The weak synchronization of DOC secretion and carbon assimilation was observed in the two strains of laver exposed to light conditions,and the strong synchronization was found under the dark condition. Under both the light and dark conditions,however,"Eastern Zhejiang No. 1"showed no hysteresis effect of DOC secretion,while "native Dongtou"showed a weak hysteresis effect of DOC secretion in the 6 h light.Overall,the laver secreted DOC to water,ultimately improved the concentration of DOC in seawater under both the light and dark conditions.
Contents of dissolved organic carbon( DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon( DIC) were determined in the water in two strains( "native Dongtou"and "Eastern Zhejiang No.1") of laver Porphyry haifanesis culture in an indoor at water temperature of 23.1 ℃ under fluorescent lamp light for 2,6 and 12 h at illumination intensity of1500,2000 and 3800 Lx and darkness for 2,6 and 12 h in order to make clear the DOC secretion characteristics of the laver during growth. The results showed that the maximal DOC secretion rate and proportion of DOC secretion in carbon sequestration were observed under the light intensity of 2800 Lx for 2 h,and that the same case was found under the light intensity of 2000 Lx for 6 h. The DOC secretion rate and the proportion of DOC secretion in the released carbon were all found to be decreased gradually with the prolonged dark period,with the maximal proportion of DOC secretion in the released carbon in 2 h dark,with up to 66. 09% in strain"native Dongtou",up to 75. 04%in strain "Eastern Zhejiang No. 1". The weak synchronization of DOC secretion and carbon assimilation was observed in the two strains of laver exposed to light conditions,and the strong synchronization was found under the dark condition. Under both the light and dark conditions,however,"Eastern Zhejiang No. 1"showed no hysteresis effect of DOC secretion,while "native Dongtou"showed a weak hysteresis effect of DOC secretion in the 6 h light.Overall,the laver secreted DOC to water,ultimately improved the concentration of DOC in seawater under both the light and dark conditions.
引文
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[24]Bj?rnsen P K.Phytoplankton exudation of organic matter:why do healthy cells do it?[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1988,33(1):151-154.
[25]Mahmood T,Fang J G,Jiang Z J,et al.Seasonal distribution,sources and sink of dissolved organic carbon in integrated aquaculture system in coastal waters[J].Aquacult Int,2017,25(1):71-85.
[26]Wiebe W J,Smith D F.Direct measurement of dissolved organic carbon release by phytoplankton and incorporation by microheterotrophs[J].Marine Biology,1977,42(3):213-223.
[27]刘诚刚,宁修仁,郝锵,等.海洋浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(2):123-132.
[28]Hellebust J A.Excretion of organic compounds by cultured and natural populations of marine phytoplankton[C]//Lauff G H.Estuaries.Washington DC:AAAS,1967:361-366.
[29]Mague T H,Friberg E,Hughes D J,et al.Extracellular release of carbon by marine phytoplankton:a physiological approach[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1980,25(2):262-279.
[30]Myklestad S,Holm-Hansen O,Varum K M,et al.Rate of release of extracellular amino acids and carbohydrates from the marine diatom Chaetoceros affinis[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1989,11(4):763-773.
[31]Sharp J H.Excretion of organic matter by marine phytoplankton:do healthy cells do it?[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1977,22(3):381-399.
[32]Zlotnik I,Dubinsky Z.The effect of light and temperature on DOC excretion by phytoplankton[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1989,34(5):831-839.
[33]Wyatt K H,Turetsky M R,Rober A R,et al.Contributions of algae to GPP and DOC production in an Alaskan fen:effects of historical water table manipulations on ecosystem responses to a natural flood[J].Oecologia,2012,169(3):821-832.
[34]I1iguez C,Carmona R,Lorenzo M R,et al.Increased CO2modifies the carbon balance and the photosynthetic yield of two common Arctic brown seaweeds:Desmarestia aculeata and Alaria esculenta[J].Polar Biol,2016,39(11):1979-1991.
[2]Ogawa H,Tanoue E.Dissolved organic matter in oceanic waters[J].Journal of Oceanography,2003,59(2):129-147.
[3]Fogg G E,Nalewajko C,Watt W D.Extracellular products of phytoplankton photosynthesis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B:Biological Sciences,1965,162(989):517-534.
[4]Hellebust J A.Excretion of some organic compounds by marine phytoplankton[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1965,10(2):192-206.
[5]Berman T,Holm-Hansen O.Release of photoassimilated carbon as dissolved organic matter by marine phytoplankton[J].Marine Biology,1974,28(4):305-310.
[6]刘诚刚.中国近海浮游植物光合溶解有机碳生产研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[7]权伟,应苗苗,康华靖,等.中国近海海藻养殖及碳汇强度估算[J].水产学报,2014,38(4):510-515.
[8]齐占会,王琚,黄洪辉,等.广东省海水养殖贝藻类碳汇潜力评估[J].南方水产科学,2012,8(1):30-35.
[9]毛兴华,朱明远,杨小龙.桑沟湾大型底栖植物的光合作用和生产力的初步研究[J].生态学报,1993,13(1):25-29.
[10]宋金明,李学刚,袁华茂,等.中国近海生物固碳强度与潜力[J].生态学报,2008,28(2):551-558.
[11]Tyler A C,Mc Glathery K J.Uptake and release of nitrogen by the macroalgae Gracilaria vermiculophylla(rhodophyta)[J].Journal of Physiology,2006,42(3):515-525.
[12]Khailov K M,Burlakova Z P.Release of dissolved organic matter by marine seaweeds and distribution of their total organic production to inshore communities[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1969,14(4):521-527.
[13]Penhale P A,Capone D G.Primary productivity and nitrogen fixation in two macroalgae-cyanobacteria associations[J].Bulletin of Marine Scienc,1981,31(1):164-169.
[14]姜爱军,陈中笑,任慧军,等.针对IPCC评估报告中海洋碳循环的疑问——δ13C收支平衡法的验证[J].气候变化研究进展,2008,4(6):369-375.
[15]严立文,黄海军,陈纪涛,等.我国近海藻类养殖的碳汇强度估算[J].海洋科学进展,2011,29(4):537-545.
[16]黄邦钦,洪华生,王海黎.台湾海峡初级生产过程Ⅲ:生物量、初级生产力的粒级结构和光合产品结构[C]//洪华生.中国海洋学文集:第七集.北京:海洋出版社,1997:31-37.
[17]焦念志,王荣.海洋初级生产光动力学及产品结构[J].海洋学报,1994,16(5):85-91.
[18]付强,谭丽菊,王江涛.甲藻生长对水体中溶解有机碳(DOC)含量影响[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999(S1):191-196.
[19]赵卫红,王江涛,崔鑫,等.海洋浮游植物生长过程中溶解有机物质的三维荧光光谱研究[J].高技术通讯,2006,16(4):425-430.
[20]季乃云,赵卫红,王江涛,等.大沽河—胶州湾段溶解有机物类腐殖质荧光特征变化[J].环境科学,2006,27(6):1073-1077.
[21]马家海,蔡守清.条斑紫菜的栽培与加工[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:1-13.
[22]Fogg G E.The ecological significance of extracellular products of phytoplankton photosynthesis[J].Botanica Marina,1983,26(1):3-14.
[23]Wood A M,Van Valen L M.Paradox lost?On the release of energy-rich compounds by phytoplankton[J].Marine Microbial Food Webs,1990,4:103-116.
[24]Bj?rnsen P K.Phytoplankton exudation of organic matter:why do healthy cells do it?[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1988,33(1):151-154.
[25]Mahmood T,Fang J G,Jiang Z J,et al.Seasonal distribution,sources and sink of dissolved organic carbon in integrated aquaculture system in coastal waters[J].Aquacult Int,2017,25(1):71-85.
[26]Wiebe W J,Smith D F.Direct measurement of dissolved organic carbon release by phytoplankton and incorporation by microheterotrophs[J].Marine Biology,1977,42(3):213-223.
[27]刘诚刚,宁修仁,郝锵,等.海洋浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(2):123-132.
[28]Hellebust J A.Excretion of organic compounds by cultured and natural populations of marine phytoplankton[C]//Lauff G H.Estuaries.Washington DC:AAAS,1967:361-366.
[29]Mague T H,Friberg E,Hughes D J,et al.Extracellular release of carbon by marine phytoplankton:a physiological approach[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1980,25(2):262-279.
[30]Myklestad S,Holm-Hansen O,Varum K M,et al.Rate of release of extracellular amino acids and carbohydrates from the marine diatom Chaetoceros affinis[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1989,11(4):763-773.
[31]Sharp J H.Excretion of organic matter by marine phytoplankton:do healthy cells do it?[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1977,22(3):381-399.
[32]Zlotnik I,Dubinsky Z.The effect of light and temperature on DOC excretion by phytoplankton[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1989,34(5):831-839.
[33]Wyatt K H,Turetsky M R,Rober A R,et al.Contributions of algae to GPP and DOC production in an Alaskan fen:effects of historical water table manipulations on ecosystem responses to a natural flood[J].Oecologia,2012,169(3):821-832.
[34]I1iguez C,Carmona R,Lorenzo M R,et al.Increased CO2modifies the carbon balance and the photosynthetic yield of two common Arctic brown seaweeds:Desmarestia aculeata and Alaria esculenta[J].Polar Biol,2016,39(11):1979-1991.